Observation of topological valley transport of sound in sonic crystals
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Breaking the ΓK-mirror symmetry of the unit cell by making R1 and R2 unequal lifts the degeneracy between the first and second bands at the valleys and opens a full bandgap.
“We then introduce a perturbation to break the ΓK-mirror symmetry of the unit cell, which will lift the degeneracy at the valleys and hence open a bandgap20,49.”
From Direct observation of valley-polarized topological edge states in designer surface plasmon crystals (2017) · cites this paper as [20]
The passage on symmetry at K and K′ states that breaking mirror symmetry by changing rod orientation lifts the valley degeneracy; the Fig. 1 caption shows the resulting gapped bulk dispersion. The paper uses rotated triangular rods, not unequal R1 and R2, so it does not support that specific implementation of the perturbation. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredNumerical investigation of other corner angles α = 30°, 90°, 150° shows no notable scattering losses in all cases, even when the corner becomes incompatible with the triangular lattice.
“We have also numerically investigated other geometric configurations in which the corner angle α of the topological waveguides varies, and no notable scattering losses are observed in all cases (See Supplementary Fig. 10 for simulated field maps.), even when the corner becomes incompatible with the triangular lattice (α = 30°, 90°, 150°)20.”
From Direct observation of valley-polarized topological edge states in designer surface plasmon crystals (2017) · cites this paper as [20]
The passage discussing Fig. 4a reports negligible reflection for a zigzag waveguide with two 120° corners, and the Fig. 4 caption describes small bending losses. The copy does not report results for 30°, 90°, or 150° corners, including corners incompatible with the triangular lattice; those specific results are presented in the citing sentence as the citing authors’ own simulations. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredCurrently proposed PTIs and STIs usually require covers to confine the waves in the vertical direction to prevent radiative leakage into free space.
“However, currently proposed PTIs and STIs usually require covers to confine the waves in the vertical direction to prevent radiative leakage into free space20–25.”
From Direct observation of valley-polarized topological edge states in designer surface plasmon crystals (2017) · cites this paper as [20]
The Additional information section says this sonic-crystal experiment sandwiched its rods between two acoustically rigid parallel plates, forming a planar waveguide with a mode uniform in the vertical direction. It does not establish that proposed PTIs and STIs usually require covers, or explicitly say the plates were needed to prevent radiative leakage into free space. (LLM, conf=0.82)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredValley-dependent transport has been experimentally reported in STIs, serving as an important but indirect observation for valley-polarized edge states.
“Until now, valley-dependent transport has been experimentally reported in STIs20,26, serving as an important but indirect observation for valley-polarized edge states.”
From Direct observation of valley-polarized topological edge states in designer surface plasmon crystals (2017) · cites this paper as [20]
The Abstract reports experimental valley-selective transport in sonic crystals, and the experimental discussion describes angle-dependent transmission (Fig. 3b). But the paper also reports direct visualization of valley-selective edge modes and says their presence was experimentally validated (Fig. 2); describing its evidence for those states as only indirect omits that result. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredValley topological materials have been used for manipulation of sound waves and elastic waves.
“Besides electromagnetic waves, valley topological materials have been used for manipulation of other waves such as sound waves [73] and elastic waves [74].”
From Anyons, Zitterbewegung and dynamical phase transitions in topologically nontrivial systems (2022) · cites this paper as [73]
The propagating directions of an edge state for K and K′ valleys are exactly opposite at both AB-type and BA-type domain walls, demonstrating valley-chirality and locking of valley-polarized edge states to one propagating direction in the absence of inter-valley scattering.
“It is seen that the propagating directions of an edge state for K and K′ valleys are exactly opposite, no matter at an AB-type or BA-type domain wall. This is a manifestation of valley-chirality of the valley-Hall effect, in other words, the valley-polarized edge states are locked to one propagating direction in the absence of inter-valley scattering14,20.”
From Direct observation of valley-polarized topological edge states in designer surface plasmon crystals (2017) · cites this paper as [20]
Because the underlying mechanism is independent of specific waves, the suppression of scattering losses is also observed for acoustic waves in topological waveguides made from a valley-Hall STI where the topological bandgap is similarly introduced by breaking ΓK-mirror symmetry.
“Since the underlying mechanism is independent of specific waves, this suppression of scattering losses are also observed for acoustic waves in the topological waveguides made from a valley-Hall STI where the topological bandgap is similarly introduced by breaking the ΓK-mirror symmetry of the unit cell20.”
From Direct observation of valley-polarized topological edge states in designer surface plasmon crystals (2017) · cites this paper as [20]
The measurements indicate that the excited edge states of the DSP crystal adhere to valley-dependent topological transport, a feature of valley-polarized edge states.
“The measurements hence indicate that the excited edge states of the DSP crystal adhere to a valley-dependent topological transport, a feature of valley-polarized edge states20.”
From Direct observation of valley-polarized topological edge states in designer surface plasmon crystals (2017) · cites this paper as [20]
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- Authors
- Lu, J., Qiu, C., Ye, L., Fan, X., Ke, M., Zhang, F., & Liu, Z.
- Affiliations
- Wuhan University (CN)
- The University of Texas at Dallas (US)
- Corresponding author
- Qiu, Chunyin
- Liu, Zhengyou
- Venue
- Nature Physics
- Published
- 2016-12-26
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 369-374
- ISSN
- 1745-2473 (ISSN-L)
- 1745-2481
- OpenAlex
- W2562739617
- Cited by
- 985
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 65 · 2025: 104 · 2024: 127 · 2023: 110 · 2022: 113 · 2021: 123 · 2020: 102 · 2019: 120 · 2018: 81 · 2017: 39
- FWCI
- 37.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nature Physics (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (11374233, 11574233, 2015CB755500, 11547310, 11534013, 11674250, 25915)
- National Key Research and Development Program of China (2015CB755500)
- Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara (PHY-11-25915)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Topological Materials and Phenomena
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Acoustic Wave Phenomena Research
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Quantum and electron transport phenomena
- Keywords
- sonic crystals, valleytronics, valley pseudospin, domain walls, acoustic waveguides, triangular lattice, curved interfaces
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