Cited by 163Personality Disorders and PsychopathologyAttention Deficit Hyperactivity DisorderNeural and Behavioral Psychology Studies

Impulsivity and Aggression in Female BPD and ADHD Patients: Association with ACC Glutamate and GABA Concentrations

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Ende, Gabriele, Cackowski, Sylvia, Van Eijk, Julia, Sack, Markus, Demirakca, Traute, Kleindienst, Nikolaus, Bohus, Martin, Sobanski, Esther +2 more·2016·Neuropsychopharmacology

Abstract

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) and attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are both characterized by high impulsivity and difficulties in controlling anger and aggression. In BPD, comorbid ADHD may further increase impulsivity. For both disorders, altered MR spectroscopy levels of the neurotransmitters glutamate and GABA as well as some correlations with impulsivity were previously reported. The objective of this study was to investigate the neurotransmitters glutamate and GABA in relation to impulsivity and aggression as expressed in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in groups of female patients with BPD and ADHD, respectively. Associations of glutamate and GABA levels with further BPD (symptom severity) and ADHD aspects (hyperactivity and inattention) were exploratively evaluated. 1H MR spectra were acquired at 3T to determine glutamate to total creatine ratios (Glu/tCr) and GABA levels from the ACC in a BPD group (n=26), an ADHD group (n=22), and a healthy control (HC) group (n=30); all participants were females. Both patient groups showed higher scores on self-reported impulsivity, anger, and aggression compared with HCs. ACC GABA levels were significantly lower in ADHD than HC. Although measures of impulsivity were positively related to glutamate and negatively to GABA, for aggression only a negative correlation with GABA could be demonstrated. These data provide human in vivo evidence for the role of ACC Glu/tCr and GABA in impulsivity and aggression. If distinct associations of Glu/tCr and GABA for BPD and ADHD can be confirmed in future studies, this might yield implications for more specific pharmacological treatments.

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  1. APA (2000). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edn, text revision (DSM-IV-TR). American Psychiatric Press: Washington, DC, USA.
  2. First MB, Spitzer RL, Gibbon M, Williams JBW (1997). Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders -Clinical Version (SCID-CV). American Psychiatric Press: Washington, DC, USA.

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Authors
Ende, G., Cackowski, S., Van Eijk, J., Sack, M., Demirakca, T., Kleindienst, N., Bohus, M., Sobanski, E., Krause-Utz, A., & Schmahl, C.
Affiliations
Heidelberg University (DE)
Corresponding author
Ende, Gabriele
Venue
Neuropsychopharmacology
Published
2015-06-04
Volume
41
Issue
2
Pages
410-418
ISSN
  • 0893-133X (ISSN-L)
  • 1740-634X
OpenAlex
W573876062
Cited by
163
References
50
Citations by year
2026: 16 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 3
FWCI
16.53
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Neuropsychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Eli Lilly and Company
  • Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SCHM 1526/13-1)
  • Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Keywords
impulsivity, aggression, borderline personality disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, anterior cingulate cortex, glutamate, GABA, female patients, comorbidities, MR spectroscopy, hyperactivity, inattention
MeSH terms
Adult, Aggression, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Borderline Personality Disorder, Female, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Gyrus Cinguli, Humans, Impulsive Behavior, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Comorbidity, Prevalence, Glutamic Acid, Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

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