The DOI matches its Crossref record; 39 of the 39 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Realizing the potential of synthetic biology
Open accessAbstract
Synthetic biology, despite still being in its infancy, is increasingly providing valuable information for applications in the clinic, the biotechnology industry and in basic molecular research. Both its unique potential and the challenges it presents have brought together the expertise of an eclectic group of scientists, from cell biologists to engineers. In this Viewpoint article, five experts discuss their views on the future of synthetic biology, on its main achievements in basic and applied science, and on the bioethical issues that are associated with the design of new biological systems.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Synthetic biology aims to apply design principles such standardisation, modularity and abstraction hierarchy to the genetic engineering of organisms (Church et al., 2014).”
From Cyanobacteria and microalgae in supporting human habitation on Mars (2022) · cites this paper as Church et al., 2014
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Multiplex Genome Engineering Using CRISPR/Cas Systems
Cong, L., Ran, F. A., Cox, D., Lin, S., Barretto, R., Habib, N., Hsu, P. D., Wu, X., Jiang, W., Marraffini, L. A., et al. (2013) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1231143 · Cited by 15,339
A synthetic oscillatory network of transcriptional regulators
Elowitz, M., & Leibler, S. (2000) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35002125 · Cited by 4,812
Self-citationConstruction of a genetic toggle switch in Escherichia coli
Gardner, T. S., Cantor, C. R., & Collins, J. J. (2000) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35002131 · Cited by 4,310
Medema, M. H., Blin, K., Cimermančič, P., de Jager, V., Zakrzewski, P., Fischbach, M. A., Weber, T., Takano, E., & Breitling, R. (2011) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkr466 · Cited by 2,067
Programming cells by multiplex genome engineering and accelerated evolution
Wang, H. H., Isaacs, F. J., Carr, P. A., Sun, Z. Z., Xu, G., Forest, C. R., & Church, G. M. (2009) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature08187 · Cited by 1,529
Self-citationFoundations for engineering biology
Endy, D. (2005) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature04342 · Cited by 1,511
Synthetic biology: applications come of age
Khalil, A. S., & Collins, J. J. (2010) · Nature Reviews Genetics · doi:10.1038/nrg2775 · Cited by 1,413
Characterization of the reconstructed 1918 Spanish influenza pandemic virus
Tumpey, T. M., Basler, C. F., Aguilar, P. V., Zeng, H., Solórzano, A., Swayne, D. E., Cox, N. J., Katz, J. M., Taubenberger, J. K., Palese, P., et al. (2005) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1119392 · Cited by 1,327
Complete Chemical Synthesis, Assembly, and Cloning of a Mycoplasma genitalium Genome
Gibson, D. G., Benders, G. A., Andrews-Pfannkoch, C., Denisova, E. A., Baden-Tillson, H., Zaveri, J., Stockwell, T. B., Brownley, A., Thomas, D. W., Algire, M. A., et al. (2008) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1151721 · Cited by 1,243
Cas9 as a versatile tool for engineering biology
Mali, P., Esvelt, K. M., & Church, G. M. (2013) · Nature Methods · doi:10.1038/nmeth.2649 · Cited by 1,197
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Carr, P. A., Sun, Z. Z., Xu, G., Forest, C. R. & Church, G. M. Programming cells by multiplex genome engineering and accelerated evolution. Nature 460, 894–898 (2009). · DOI · Paper page
- Tran, A. B., Paull, M., Keasling, J. D., Arkin, A. P. & Endy, D. Precise and reliable gene expression via standard transcription and translation initiation elements. Nature Methods 10, 354–360 (2013). · DOI
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Currin, A., Swainston, N., Day, P. J., & Kell, D. B. (2014) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/c4cs00351a · Cited by 393
Sugar Synthesis from CO2 in Escherichia coli
Antonovsky, N., Gleizer, S., Noor, Ε., Zohar, Y., Herz, E., Barenholz, U., Zelcbuch, L., Amram, S., Wides, A., Tepper, N., et al. (2016) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2016.05.064 · Cited by 369
Li, J., Green, A. A., Yan, H., & Fan, C. (2017) · Nature Chemistry · doi:10.1038/nchem.2852 · Cited by 357
Engineering microbial consortia for controllable outputs
Lindemann, S. R., Bernstein, H. C., Song, H.-S., Fredrickson, J. K., Fields, M. W., Shou, W., Johnson, D. R., & Beliaev, A. S. (2016) · The ISME Journal · doi:10.1038/ismej.2016.26 · Cited by 340
Digital logic circuits in yeast with CRISPR-dCas9 NOR gates
Gander, M. W., Vrana, J. D., Voje, W. E., Carothers, J. M., & Klavins, E. (2017) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms15459 · Cited by 247
Metadata
- Authors
- Church, G. M., Elowitz, M. B., Smolke, C. D., Voigt, C. A., & Weiss, R.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- California Institute of Technology (US)
- Stanford University (US)
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
- Corresponding author
- Elowitz, Michael B.
- Smolke, Christina D.
- Voigt, Christopher A.
- Weiss, Ron
- Venue
- Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology
- Published
- 2014-03-12
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 289-294
- ISSN
- 1471-0072 (ISSN-L)
- 1471-0080
- PMC
- PMC9645560
- OpenAlex
- W2085434605
- Cited by
- 226
- References
- 39
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 29 · 2015: 31 · 2014: 12
- FWCI
- 2.95
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- CaltechAUTHORS (California Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R01GM086663)
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (DP1AT007886)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gene Regulatory Network Analysis
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Keywords
- synthetic biology, bioethics, systems biology, computational modelling, biotechnology applications, clinical application
- MeSH terms
- Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering, Humans, Guidelines as Topic, Systems Biology, Synthetic Biology
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
