Cited by 1,676Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative MechanismsRedox biology and oxidative stressNitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 244 of the 245 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Antimicrobial reactive oxygen and nitrogen species: concepts and controversies

Fang, Ferric C.·2004·Nature Reviews Microbiology

Abstract

Phagocyte-derived reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are of crucial importance for host resistance to microbial pathogens. Decades of research have provided a detailed understanding of the regulation, generation and actions of these molecular mediators, as well as their roles in resisting infection. However, differences of opinion remain with regard to their host specificity, cell biology, sources and interactions with one another or with myeloperoxidase and granule proteases. More than a century after Metchnikoff first described phagocytosis, and more than four decades after the discovery of the burst of oxygen consumption that is associated with microbial killing, the seemingly elementary question of how phagocytes inhibit, kill and degrade microorganisms remains controversial. This review updates the reader on these concepts and the topical questions in the field.

Overview

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1038/nrmicro1004

Cites

244 of 244 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Verification

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Citations

Cites

1 retracted

Flagged first, then by citations

Show all 245 references

1 of the 245 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 3

  1. Gaston, B. & Stamler, J. S. in Nitric Oxide and Infection (ed. Fang, F. C.) 37–55 (Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, 1999).
  2. De Groote, M. A. & Fang, F. C. in Nitric Oxide and Infection (ed. Fang, F. C.) 231–261 (Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, 1999).
  3. Fang, F. C. Nitric Oxide and Infection 517 (Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, 1999). A comprehensive examination of the many roles of NO˙ in infection.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Items 301–400 of 1,001

Metadata

Authors
Fang, F. C.
Affiliations
University of Washington (US)
Corresponding author
Fang, Ferric C.
Venue
Nature Reviews Microbiology
Published
2004-10
Volume
2
Issue
10
Pages
820-832
ISSN
  • 1740-1526 (ISSN-L)
  • 1740-1534
OpenAlex
W2066515050
Cited by
1,676
References
245
Citations by year
2026: 56 · 2025: 73 · 2024: 81 · 2023: 72 · 2022: 89 · 2021: 129 · 2020: 104 · 2019: 113 · 2018: 83 · 2017: 88 · 2016: 110 · 2015: 70 · 2014: 93 · 2013: 79 · 2012: 90
FWCI
2.90
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Nature Reviews Microbiology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Redox biology and oxidative stress
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
Keywords
reactive oxygen species, reactive nitrogen species, phagocytes, antimicrobial host defense, phagocytosis, myeloperoxidase, microbial killing, host specificity, respiratory burst
MeSH terms
Granulomatous Disease, Chronic, Humans, Immunity, Innate, Phagocytes, Polymorphism, Genetic, Cytokines, Reactive Oxygen Species, Nitric Oxide Synthase, Reactive Nitrogen Species, Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review