Cited by 1,496Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative MechanismsNitric Oxide and Endothelin EffectsRedox biology and oxidative stress

Formation of nitric oxide-derived inflammatory oxidants by myeloperoxidase in neutrophils

Eiserich, Jason P., Hristova, Milena, Cross, Carroll E., Jones, A. Daniel, Freeman, Bruce A., Halliwell, Barry, van der Vliet, Albert·1998·Nature

Abstract

Nitric oxide (.NO) plays a central role in the pathogenesis of diverse inflammatory and infectious disorders. The toxicity of .NO is thought to be engendered, in part, by its reaction with superoxide (O2.-), yielding the potent oxidant peroxynitrite (ONOO-). However, evidence for a role of ONOO- in vivo is based largely upon detection of 3-nitrotyrosine in injured tissues. We have recently demonstrated that nitrite (NO2-), a major end-product of .NO metabolism, readily promotes tyrosine nitration through formation of nitryl chloride (NO2Cl) and nitrogen dioxide (.NO2) by reaction with the inflammatory mediators hypochlorous acid (HOCl) or myeloperoxidase. We now show that activated human polymorphonuclear neutrophils convert NO2- into NO2Cl and .NO2 through myeloperoxidase-dependent pathways. Polymorphonuclear neutrophil-mediated nitration and chlorination of tyrosine residues or 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid is enhanced by addition of NO2- or by fluxes of .NO. Addition of 15NO2- led to 15N enrichment of nitrated phenolic substrates, confirming its role in polymorphonuclear neutrophil-mediated nitration reactions. Polymorphonuclear neutrophil-mediated inactivation of endothelial cell angiotensin-converting enzyme was exacerbated by NO2-, illustrating the physiological significance of these reaction pathways to cellular dysfunction. Our data reveal that NO2- may regulate inflammatory processes through oxidative mechanisms, perhaps by contributing to the tyrosine nitration and chlorination observed in vivo.

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Crossref · 10.1038/34923

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  • Intrinsic to the metabolism of NO3− and NO2− is the formation of the nitrogen dioxide radical (·NO2).

    “Intrinsic to the metabolism of NO3− and NO2− is the formation of the nitrogen dioxide radical (·NO2).”
  • ·NO2 is formed by metalloprotein-catalyzed oxidation of NO2−, the autoxidation of ·NO, the protonation of NO2− to N2O3 followed by its disproportionation, decomposition of nitrous acid, and the homolytic scission of peroxynitrous acid and nitrosoperoxocarbonate.

    “This species is formed by metalloprotein-catalyzed oxidation of NO2−, the autoxidation of ·NO, the protonation of NO2− to N2O3 followed by its disproportionation, decomposition of nitrous acid, and the homolytic scission of two key products of ·NO and superoxide (O2 ·−) reaction, peroxynitrous acid and nitrosoperoxocarbonate [21–23].”
  • Mechanisms giving rise to NO2 include exposure to NO2 gas, O2-derived inflammatory by-products ONOOH and nitrosoperoxocarbonate (ONOOCO2), and heme protein-catalyzed oxidation of NO2− to NO2.

    “These include exposure to ⅐ NO 2 gas, the O 2 . -derived inflammatory by-products ONOOH and nitrosoperoxocarbonate (ONOOCO 2 ) (45), and heme protein-catalyzed oxidation of NO 2 Ϫ to ⅐ NO 2 (46).”

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Authors
Eiserich, J. P., Hristova, M., Cross, C. E., Jones, A. D., Freeman, B. A., Halliwell, B., & van der Vliet, A.
Affiliations
  • University of Alabama at Birmingham (US)
  • University of California, Davis (US)
  • University of London (GB)
Corresponding author
Eiserich, Jason P.
Venue
Nature
Published
1998-01
Volume
391
Issue
6665
Pages
393-397
ISSN
  • 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
  • 1476-4687
OpenAlex
W1725300350
Cited by
1,496
References
32
Citations by year
2026: 9 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 27 · 2020: 30 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 35 · 2013: 35 · 2012: 44
FWCI
43.25
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Nature (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Redox biology and oxidative stress
Keywords
nitric oxide, nitrite, myeloperoxidase, neutrophils, peroxynitrite, tyrosine nitration, nitryl chloride, hypochlorous acid, nitrotyrosine, 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, 15N labeling
MeSH terms
Animals, Cattle, Chlorides, Endothelium, Vascular, Humans, Hypochlorous Acid, Peroxidase, Neutrophils, Nitric Oxide, Nitrites, Oxidants, Inflammation Mediators, In Vitro Techniques

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