Impact of treating the metabolic syndrome on chronic kidney disease
Abstract
The metabolic syndrome is defined by the concurrent presence of at least three metabolic disorders that are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Results from prospective and cross-sectional studies also point to an association between the metabolic syndrome and chronic kidney disease. Visceral obesity and insulin resistance are two important features of the metabolic syndrome that might explain renal injury. We reviewed the literature to examine whether treatment of the metabolic syndrome can favorably influence renal outcomes. Weight loss, regular exercise, and a low-calorie, low-fat diet are first-line treatments of the metabolic syndrome, yet few data are available to indicate that such lifestyle interventions can prevent or reverse renal damage. Similarly, results from few studies show little or no beneficial effect of blood pressure control, use of statins, fibrates, thiazolidinediones or metformin on renal parameters in patients with metabolic syndrome. The reasons for the lack of trials in this research field are also discussed. This Review identifies the need to improve understanding of the role of metabolic syndrome in chronic kidney disease, define consistent criteria for metabolic syndrome and perform clinical trials that analyze renal outcomes as primary end points.
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The observed relationships between hypertriacylglycerolaemia and dyslipidaemia and renal function in FIELD may reflect insulin resistance.
“The observed relationships between both hypertriacylglycerolaemia and dyslipidaemia and renal function in the FIELD study may also reflect insulin resistance which is a risk factor for renal dysfunction [38].”
Insulin resistance is a risk factor for renal dysfunction.
“insulin resistance which is a risk factor for renal dysfunction [38].”
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Metabolic syndrome-related kidney injury: a review and update
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- Authors
- Agrawal, V., Shah, A., Rice, C., Franklin, B. A., & McCullough, P. A.
- Affiliations
- Beaumont Health (US)
- Corewell Health William Beaumont University Hospital (US)
- Corresponding author
- Agrawal, Varun
- Venue
- Nature Reviews Nephrology
- Published
- 2009-07-28
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 520-528
- ISSN
- 1745-8323 (ISSN-L)
- 1759-5061
- 1759-507X
- OpenAlex
- W2041905961
- Cited by
- 62
- References
- 10
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 1.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature Reviews Nephrology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Nephrology › Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Keywords
- metabolic syndrome, chronic kidney disease, renal outcomes, visceral obesity, insulin resistance, lifestyle intervention, weight loss, blood pressure control, statins, thiazolidinediones, metformin, fibrates, metabolic syndrome definitions, cardiovascular risk
- MeSH terms
- Antihypertensive Agents, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Risk Factors, Metabolic Syndrome, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic
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