Cited by 230Epigenetics and DNA MethylationChromatin Remodeling and CancerCancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism

The cancer driver genes IDH1/2, JARID1C/ KDM5C, and UTX/ KDM6A: crosstalk between histone demethylation and hypoxic reprogramming in cancer metabolism

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Chang, Soojeong, Yim, Sujin, Park, Hyunsung·2019·Experimental & Molecular Medicine

Abstract

Recent studies on mutations in cancer genomes have distinguished driver mutations from passenger mutations, which occur as byproducts of cancer development. The cancer genome atlas (TCGA) project identified 299 genes and 24 pathways/biological processes that drive tumor progression (Cell 173: 371-385 e318, 2018). Of the 299 driver genes, 12 genes are involved in histones, histone methylation, and demethylation. Among these 12 genes, those encoding the histone demethylases JARID1C/KDM5C and UTX/KDM6A were identified as cancer driver genes. Furthermore, gain-of-function mutations in genes encoding metabolic enzymes, such as isocitrate dehydrogenases (IDH)1/2, drive tumor progression by producing an oncometabolite, D-2-hydroxyglutarate (D-2HG), which is a competitive inhibitor of α-ketoglutarate, O2-dependent dioxygenases such as Jumonji domain-containing histone demethylases, and DNA demethylases. Studies on oncometabolites suggest that histone demethylases mediate metabolic changes in chromatin structure. We have reviewed the most recent findings regarding cancer-specific metabolic reprogramming and the tumor-suppressive roles of JARID1C/KDM5C and UTX/KDM6A. We have also discussed mutations in other isoforms such as the JARID1A, 1B, 1D of KDM5 subfamilies and the JMJD3/KDM6B of KDM6 subfamilies, which play opposing roles in tumor progression as oncogenes or tumor suppressors depending on the cancer cell type. Genes involved in the removal of methyl groups from histones associated with DNA can promote or suppress tumor growth depending on the metabolic status of the cancer cell. Hyunsung Park and colleagues at the University of Seoul, South Korea, review current knowledge of two genes encoding histone demethylases which have been identified by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project as cancer driver genes. Because these demethylase enzymes rely on cellular metabolites to function, their effect is influenced by metabolic conditions in the tumor microenvironment such as low oxygen. The mechanisms through which changes in histone methylation affect the expression of genes involved in tumor progression remain unknown. Further understanding of how cancer metabolism affects the modification of histones will help guide the development of more effective cancer treatments.

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  • Cancer cells in tumors with IDH1 or IDH2 mutations show oncogenic activity by converting glutamine-derived α-KG to 2-HG, which competitively inhibits α-KG-dependent histone and DNA modification enzymes.

    “Cancer cells in tumors with IDH1 or IDH2 mutations show oncogenic activity by converting glutamine-derived α-KG to 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG), which competitively inhibits α-KG-dependent histone and DNA modification enzymes27.”

    From Glutamine reliance in cell metabolism (2020) · cites this paper as [27]

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Authors
Chang, S., Yim, S., & Park, H.
Affiliations
University of Seoul (KR)
Corresponding author
Park, Hyunsung
Venue
Experimental & Molecular Medicine
Published
2019-06
Volume
51
Issue
6
Pages
1-17
ISSN
  • 1226-3613 (ISSN-L)
  • 2092-6413
OpenAlex
W2950853065
Cited by
228
References
147
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 31 · 2024: 41 · 2023: 37 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 50 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 1
FWCI
2.46
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Experimental & Molecular Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
National Research Foundation of Korea (2016R1A2B4012840, 2018R1A4A1025985)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Chromatin Remodeling and Cancer
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
Keywords
histone demethylation, histone methylation, cancer driver genes, cancer metabolism, D-2-hydroxyglutarate, oncometabolites, tumor suppressor, JARID1A, JARID1B, chromatin
MeSH terms
Tumor Hypoxia, Nucleophosmin, Animals, Histones, Humans, Isocitrate Dehydrogenase, Neoplasms, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Histone Demethylases

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