Cited by 211Regulation of Appetite and ObesityAdipose Tissue and MetabolismHypothalamic control of reproductive hormones

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Hypothalamic control of energy expenditure and thermogenesis

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Tran, Le Trung, Park, Sohee, Kim, Seul Ki, Lee, Jin Sun, Kim, Ki Woo, Kwon, Obin·2022·Experimental & Molecular Medicine

DOI 10.1038/s12276-022-00741-zPMC PMC9076616

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Abstract

Energy expenditure and energy intake need to be balanced to maintain proper energy homeostasis. Energy homeostasis is tightly regulated by the central nervous system, and the hypothalamus is the primary center for the regulation of energy balance. The hypothalamus exerts its effect through both humoral and neuronal mechanisms, and each hypothalamic area has a distinct role in the regulation of energy expenditure. Recent studies have advanced the understanding of the molecular regulation of energy expenditure and thermogenesis in the hypothalamus with targeted manipulation techniques of the mouse genome and neuronal function. In this review, we elucidate recent progress in understanding the mechanism of how the hypothalamus affects basal metabolism, modulates physical activity, and adapts to environmental temperature and food intake changes.

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Fig. 1 Schematic summary of the hypothalamic nuclei involved in the regulation of physical activity. Different neuronal populations and nuclei have different effectors and mechanisms to promote physical activities in the form of spontaneous physical activity or exercise, resulting in an increase in energy expenditure. Dashed lines: putative or unclear pathways or effects. Arrowheads: inducing or projecting. Blunted-bar heads: inhibiting. AgRP, agouti-related peptide; ARC, arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus; BDNF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor; DMH, dorsomedial hypothalamus; GABA, gamma-aminobutyric acid; LepR, leptin receptor long form; LH, lateral hypothalamus; POMC, proopiomelanocortin; PVN, paraventricular hypothalamus; SF-1, steroidogenic factor 1; TrkB, tropomyosin receptor kinase B; VMH, ventromedial hypothalamus.CC BY · PubMed Central

Fig. 2 Schematic summary of the hypothalamic nuclei involved in the regulation of thermogenesis. Adaptive thermogenesis from nutritional or hormonal cues or from ambient temperature changes is controlled through different hypothalamic pathways. UCP1-dependent thermogenesis causes an increase in UCP1 expression in brown adipose tissue and “beiging” in white adipose tissue, thus increasing heat production. Arrowheads: inducing or projecting, Blunted-bar heads: inhibiting. 3V, third ventricle; αMSH, alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone; AgRP, agouti-related peptide; ARC, arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus; β-AR, beta-adrenergic receptor; BAT, brown adipose tissue; ERα, estrogen receptor alpha; POMC, proopiomelanocortin; PVN, paraventricular hypothalamus; SF-1, steroidogenic factor; VMH, ventromedial hypothalamus; WAT, white adipose tissue.CC BY · PubMed Central

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(2024) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.99258.1.sa1
eLife Assessment: TRPγ regulates lipid metabolism through Dh44 neuroendocrine cells
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(2024) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.99258.1.sa2
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Additional file 3 of Gut microbiota intervention attenuates thermogenesis in broilers exposed to high temperature through modulation of the hypothalamic 5-HT pathway
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Authors: Tran, L. T., Park, S., Kim, S. K., Lee, J. S., Kim, K. W., & Kwon, O.
Affiliations: Seoul National University (KR)
Yonsei University (KR)
Corresponding author: Kim, Seul Ki
Kim, Ki Woo
Kwon, Obin
ORCID: Tran, Le Trung
Park, Sohee
Kim, Seul Ki
Lee, Jin Sun
Kim, Ki Woo
Kwon, Obin
Venue: Experimental & Molecular Medicine
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2022-03-17
Volume: 54
Issue: 4
Pages: 358-369
ISSN: 1226-3613 (ISSN-L)
2092-6413
DOI: 10.1038/s12276-022-00741-z
PMC: PMC9076616
OpenAlex: W4220699785
Cited by: 208
References: 217
Citations by year: 2026: 47 · 2025: 60 · 2024: 58 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 6
FWCI: 5.84
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 (tdm)
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 (vor)
Locations: Experimental & Molecular Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
YUHSpace (Yonsei University Medical Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
Funders: National Research Foundation of Korea (2018R1C1B5086453, 2020R1C1C1008033, 2016R1A5A2008630, 2021R1A2C4002011)
Creative-Pioneering Researchers Program through Seoul National University
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
Keywords: hypothalamus, energy expenditure, thermogenesis, energy homeostasis, basal metabolic rate, physical activity, dietary intake, neuronal regulation, molecular regulation
MeSH terms: Animals, Energy Metabolism, Homeostasis, Hypothalamus, Neurons, Thermogenesis, Mice

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Hypothalamic control of energy expenditure and thermogenesis

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