Circuit theory-based cultural heritage corridor network development in Qin River Basin

Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.

Three-dimensional terrain factors such as elevation, slope and topographic undulation are positively correlated with spatial resistance, and the suitability of the corresponding area decreases by 15%-20% for every 10% increase in terrain complexity.

“Three-dimensional terrain factors such as elevation, slope and topographic undulation are positively correlated with spatial resistance, and the suitability of the corresponding area decreases by 15%-20% for every 10% increase in terrain complexity.”

It may state two separate claims as one.

The terrain of the first-class corridor area is flat, belonging to the river valley plain landform, the ecological environment is superior, and the spatial resistance is low.

“In addition, the terrain of this area is flat, belonging to the river valley plain landform, the ecological environment is superior, and the spatial resistance is low.”

It may state two separate claims as one.

The middle and lower reaches of the Qin River Basin are more adaptable to the construction of heritage corridors than Anze County, mainly including Jiafeng Town, Runcheng Town, Beiliu Town, Fengcheng Town, Jiyuan City, and Qinyang City.

“The middle and lower reaches of the Qin River Basin are more adaptable to the construction of heritage corridors than those in Anze County, mainly including: Jiafeng Town, Runcheng Town, Beiliu Town, Fengcheng Town, Jiyuan City, and Qinyang City.”

It may state two separate claims as one.

This study constructed a two-vertical-and-one-horizontal networked corridor by coupling the natural hydrological system of the Qin River Basin with cultural heritage nodes, breaking away from the traditional reliance on artificial linear heritage.

“This study couples the natural hydrological system of the Qin River Basin with cultural heritage nodes to construct a “two vertical and one horizontal” networked corridor, breaking away from the traditional reliance on artificial linear heritage [13][14][15][16] .”

• cites [13] García-Mayor, C., Martí, P., Castaño, M. & Bernabeu-Bautista, Á. The unexploited potential of converting rail tracks to Greenways: The Spanish Vías Verdes. Sustainability 12, 881 (2002). sourceCheck pending
• cites [14] Li, H. et al. Identifying cultural heritage corridors for preservation through multi dimension alnet work connectivity analysis—a case study of the ancient Tea-Horse Road in Simao, China. Landsc. Res. 46, 20 (2024).Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

• cites [15] Éndez, M. L., Lmo, R. M., Ruiz, R. & Yala, D. P. An interdisciplinary methodology for the characterization and visualization of the heritage of roadway corridors. Geogr. Rev. 106, 489–515 (2016). sourceNot checked — no full text of the source
• cites [16] Lin, F., Zhang, X., Ma, Z. & Zhang, Y. Spatial structure and corridor construction of intangible cultural heritage: a case study of the Ming Great Wall. Land 11, 24 (2020).Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

• AssumptionRests on an assumption: The natural hydrological system of the Qin River Basin is a suitable spatial template for cultural heritage corridors.

It may state two separate claims as one.

The source of the Jiyuan-Qinyang section of Henan Province has a high-grade corridor and maintains a single east-west direction.

“The “source” of the Jiyuan-Qinyang section of Henan Province has a high-grade corridor and maintains a single east-west direction (Fig. 11).”

Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.

Areas with high agglomeration degree of cultural heritage were designated as first-class sources, and medium and medium-high density areas as second-level sources.

“Finally, due to the polycentric agglomeration of cultural heritage sites in the region, the scale of cultural heritage monomers is too small, and the areas with high agglomeration degree are designated as first-class sources, and medium-and medium high density are second-level sources (Fig. 3).”

It may state two separate claims as one.

An area with a kernel density value of >5.2/km2 forms a composite service core, and the spatial constraint coefficient is reduced to 0.25-0.45.

“the area with a density value of >5.2/km² forms a composite service core, and the spatial constraint coefficient is reduced to 0.25-0.45”

It may state two separate claims as one.

The 'post stations' are mainly concentrated in Jiafeng Town, Runcheng Town, Fengcheng Town, Beiliu Town and Qinyang City, but there are obvious differences in the distribution of their hierarchical characteristics, and most of the first-class 'post stations' are located in the middle reaches of the Qin River.

“It can be seen from the chart that the”

It may state two separate claims as one.

The higher the kernel density value, the stronger the agglomeration of public services, the better the related service capacity, and the smaller the resistance value.

“By analyzing the spatial distribution characteristics of service facilities such as accommodation, catering and scenic spots in the study area, the higher the kernel density value, the stronger the agglomeration of public services, the better the related service capacity, and the smaller the resistance value.”

It may state two separate claims as one.

The study selected 177 cultural heritage units for analysis, comprising 90 nationally protected heritage sites and 87 provincially protected sites.

“Consequently, this study selected 177 cultural heritage units for analysis, comprising 90 nationally protected heritage sites and 87 provincially protected sites (Table 2).”

It may state two separate claims as one.

The first-class corridor is mainly concentrated between Jiafeng Town and Runcheng Town, and belongs to the valley corridor area in the middle reaches of the Qin River.

“As can be seen from the figure, the first-class corridor is mainly concentrated between Jiafeng Town and Runcheng Town, and belongs to the valley corridor area in the middle reaches of the Qin River.”

Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.

Within 500 m of the national/provincial highway, the accessibility of the leisure node is increased by 40%, and the resistance coefficient is attenuated by an exponential function.

“within 5 ≤ 00 m of the national/provincial highway, the accessibility of the leisure node is increased by 40%, and the resistance coefficient is attenuated by an exponential function.”

It may state two separate claims as one.

The cultural heritage in the first-class corridor area is densely distributed, including Xiangyu Castle, Douzhuang Castle, Guobi Ancient Village, etc., and the heritage sites are relatively small and easy to connect.

“The cultural heritage in this area is densely distributed, including Xiangyu Castle, Douzhuang Castle, Guobi Ancient Village, etc., and the heritage sites are relatively small and easy to connect.”

It may state two separate claims as one.

The comprehensive resistance value in the study area ranges from 1.7 to 7.5, with an average resistance of about 4.6, indicating that the formation of the heritage corridor as a whole faced a moderate degree of resistance.

“the range of the comprehensive resistance value in the study area was 1.7-7.5, and the average resistance was about 4.6, indicating that the formation of the heritage corridor as a whole faced a moderate degree of resistance.”

The quote only partly states this claim.

Integration of heritage 'source' raster data with resistance surfaces generated 53 potential corridors with a total length of 578.48 km in the Qin River Basin.

“Integration of heritage”

• Also stated in: § Construction of the heritage corridor network system in the Qin River Basin · plain

  “The result is a potential 53 heritage corridors with a total length of 578.48 km.”

• AssumptionThe authors state this as an assumption: Spatial barriers between cultural heritage nodes can be treated as electrical resistance, and cultural flow between heritage elements can be simulated as current, so that high current areas represent key corridors or protection priority areas.

It may state two separate claims as one.

The valley corridor in the middle reaches of the Qin River takes the first-class source as the core, forming a clear network, and the cultural heritage there is dense with small distribution spacing, which is easy to connect.

“Among them, the valley corridor in the middle reaches of the Qin River takes the first-class source as the core, forming a clear network, and at the same time, the cultural heritage here is dense, and the distribution spacing is small, which is easy to connect.”

It may state two separate claims as one.

With Circuitscape in GIS, a total of 16 obstacles were identified, among which 10 were located on important corridors and were key obstacles.

“With the Circuitscape in GIS, a total of 16 obstacles were identified, among which 10 were located on important corridors and were key obstacles that needed to be accurately identified and solved later (Fig. 10).”

• AssumptionThe authors state this as an assumption: Spatial barriers between cultural heritage nodes can be treated as electrical resistance, and cultural flow between heritage elements can be simulated as current, so that high current areas represent key corridors or protection priority areas.

It may state two separate claims as one.

In the south, a cultural-ecological corridor in the lower reaches of the Qin River is formed along the main road from east to west, and the two cores are connected by multiple branch lines, strengthening the north-south connectivity.

“In the south, a cultural-ecological corridor in the lower reaches of the Qin River is formed along the main road from east to west, and the two cores are connected by multiple branch lines, strengthening the north-south connectivity.”

It may state two separate claims as one.

The source and corridors of the divergent heritage network centered on Runcheng Town in the middle reaches of the Qin River are of high grade and concentrated distribution, forming a cultural heritage network with a high degree of integration.

“In general, the “source” and corridors of the divergent heritage network centered on Runcheng Town in the middle reaches of the Qin River are of high grade and concentrated distribution, forming a cultural heritage network with a high degree of integration.”

It may state two separate claims as one.

Municipal-level sites (n = 275) were excluded due to documentation gaps (23% coordinate inaccuracies per validation sampling) and relatively lower conservation urgency.

“Municipal-level sites (n = 275) were excluded due to documentation gaps (23% coordinate inaccuracies per validation sampling) and relatively lower conservation urgency.”

It may state two separate claims as one.

In the construction of the heritage corridor, a closed loop was generated by using Circuit theory, and the corridor generated by Circuit theory shows obvious networking characteristics, forming a complete closed-loop structure that accurately meets the needs of ring line design.

“the construction of heritage corridor, a closed loop was generated by using Circuit theory, it can be seen intuitively that the corridor generated by the Circuit theory shows obvious networking characteristics, forming a complete closedloop structure, which accurately meets the needs of ring line design.”

It may state two separate claims as one.

177 nationally protected sites were retained for analysis, yielding 22 heritage source areas through optimized bandwidth parameterization using Silverman's rule.

“Consequently, 177 nationally protected sites were retained for analysis, yielding 22 heritage source areas through optimized bandwidth parameterization (Silverman's rule).”

• AssumptionRests on an assumption: The 177 nationally protected sites retained are sufficient to represent the cultural heritage network of the Qin River Basin.

It may state two separate claims as one.

Key outcomes include the identification of 21 prioritized corridors and 10 critical bottleneck zones, alongside gravity model-based corridor classification.

“Key outcomes include the identification of 21 prioritized corridors and 10 critical bottleneck zones, alongside gravity model-based corridor classification.”

It may state two separate claims as one.

The Qin River Basin contains 452 material cultural heritage sites, including 90 national, 87 provincial, and 275 municipal sites.

“| Total | 90 | 87 | 275 | 452 | 100 |”

It may state two separate claims as one.

The application of circuit theory results in a closed loop structure for the corridor network, better aligning with the natural connectivity of the basin's ecology and culture.

“The application of circuit theory results in a closed loop structure for the corridor network, better aligning with the natural connectivity of the basin's ecology and culture, echoing the need for an “organic growth corridor” mentioned in the introduction”

Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.

The poor connectivity of the two corridors is mainly due to differences in cultural relics protection norms between Shanxi and Henan provinces, lack of attention from relevant cultural protection departments, and failure to form a unified cultural heritage corridor.

“However, the poor connectivity of the two corridors is mainly due to the differences in the cultural relics protection norms between Shanxi and Henan provinces, and the failure to receive the attention of the relevant cultural protection departments, and the failure to form a unified cultural heritage corridor.”

It may state two separate claims as one.

The distribution of low-grade corridors is relatively scattered, indicating that the construction of heritage corridors in these areas faces greater resistance, further highlighting the necessity of high-grade corridor construction.

“In contrast, the distribution of low-grade corridors is relatively scattered, indicating that the construction of heritage corridors in these areas faces greater resistance, further highlighting the necessity of high-grade corridor construction.”

It may state two separate claims as one.

At the micro-level, the study constructs a multi-dimensional 'corridor-station-source' system to connect heritage nodes through corridors and use key areas as stations.

“At the micro-level, a multi-dimensional”

It may state two separate claims as one.

The resulting corridor network is a network structure that diverges outward from Runcheng Town and Qinyang City as the core areas, and this structure enhances the overall connectivity and resilience of the corridor network.

“As can be seen from Fig. 8, the resulting corridor network is a network structure that diverges outward from Runcheng Town and Qinyang City as the core areas (such as the Jiafeng section, the middle and lower reaches of the Qin River), and this structure enhances the overall connectivity and resilience of the corridor network.”

• AssumptionThe authors state this as an assumption: Spatial barriers between cultural heritage nodes can be treated as electrical resistance, and cultural flow between heritage elements can be simulated as current, so that high current areas represent key corridors or protection priority areas.

It may state two separate claims as one.

The Qin River Basin contains 43 military heritages, 27 traditional villages, and ancient water conservancy engineering systems such as Fangkou Weir and Guangli Canal.

“There are 43 military heritages such as the ruins of the Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty and the ancient castles of Douzhuang, 27 traditional villages such as Guobi and Xiangyu, and ancient water conservancy engineering systems such as Fangkou Weir and Guangli Canal, which together constitute the testimony of the composite function of”

• cites [4] Liu, C. & Xu, M. Characteristics and influencing factors on the hollowing of traditional villages-taking 2645 villages from the Chinese Traditional Village Catalogue (Batch 5) as an Example. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 18, 12759 (2021). sourceCheck pending

It may state two separate claims as one.

Compared to traditional methods, the constructed corridor-station-source system enhances the connectivity of the heritage network and achieves a dynamic balance between protection intensity and utilization intensity through hierarchical strategies, providing a replicable approach for the construction of a cultural-ecological community in the Yellow River Basin.

“Compared to traditional methods, the constructed“ corridor-station-source”; system not only enhances the connectivity of the heritage network but also achieves a dynamic balance between protection intensity and utilization intensity through hierarchical strategies, providing a replicable approach for the construction of a “cultural-ecological community” in the Yellow River Basin.”

Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.

There are significant differences in the spatial accessibility of different levels of roads, and optimizing the structure and quality of roads is the key to improving regional spatial accessibility.

“In addition, there are significant differences in the spatial accessibility of different levels of roads, and optimizing the structure and quality of roads is the key to improving regional spatial accessibility.”

It may state two separate claims as one.

Studies on the Qinling Mountains highlight that administrative divisions disrupt ecological and cultural continuity, with localized policies often prioritizing economic development over holistic heritage integration.

“For instance, studies on the Qinling Mountains highlight how administrative divisions disrupt ecological and cultural continuity, with localized policies often prioritizing economic development over holistic heritage integration 7,8 .”

• cites [7] Ren, L. & Lei, W. Research on the evaluation of ecotourism resources: based on the AHP model. Math. Probl. Eng. 7398537, 10 (2022).Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

• cites [8] Yu, K. H., Gong, J., Jing, Y., Liu, S. Q. & Liang, S. H. Theory to measure growth boundaries, planning, and regulation in the Qinling and Bashan mountain regions. Appl. Fractal 42, 116–119 (2017).Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.

Yu and Zhu have critiqued the siloed approach, emphasizing that the lack of cross-regional coordination weakens the systemic protection of linear heritage networks and fails to address ecological-cultural interdependencies.

“Yu and Zhu have critiqued this siloed approach, emphasizing that the lack of cross-regional coordination weakens the systemic protection of linear heritage networks (e.g., ancient trade routes, hydrological systems) and fails to address ecological-cultural interdependencies 9,10 .”

• cites [9] Yu, K. J., Xi, X. S., Li, D. H., Li, H. L. & Liu, K. On the construction of the national linear culture heritage network in China. Hum. Geogr. 4, 11–16+116 (2009).Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

• cites [10] Zhu, H., Zhao, R. & Xi, T. D. The protection research on lineal cultural heritages of Chinese Canal from cultural routes: a case of Anhui Section of Chinese Canal of Sui and Tang Dynasty. Hum. Geogr. 28, 70–73 (2013).Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

It may state two separate claims as one.

The area where high-grade corridors are located is not only the core area of culture and economy, but also has a smooth transportation network with the surrounding areas, close cultural relations and frequent exchanges, which has laid an important foundation for the construction of regional heritage corridors in the future.

“The area where these high-grade corridors are located is not only the core area of culture and economy, but also has a smooth transportation network with the surrounding areas, close cultural relations and frequent exchanges, which has laid an important foundation for the construction of regional heritage corridors in the future.”

It may state two separate claims as one.

The high, medium and high suitable areas have obvious linear characteristics in spatial distribution, highly consistent with the direction of traffic arteries, indicating that traffic conditions have an important impact on the layout of heritage corridors.

“It is worth noting that the high, medium and high suitable areas have obvious linear characteristics in terms of spatial distribution, which are highly consistent with the direction of traffic arteries, indicating that traffic conditions have an important impact on the layout of heritage corridors and constitute the core components of the potential heritage corridor network.”

It may state two separate claims as one.

A high nighttime light index indicates that the economic vitality of the region is high, which is conducive to the development of rest and entertainment-related services.

“Therefore, a high nighttime light index indicates that the economic vitality of the region is high, which is conducive to the development of rest and entertainment-related services.”

• AssumptionRests on an assumption: Nighttime light data can measure the level of regional economic development.

It may state two separate claims as one.

The research method of heritage corridor construction takes MCR (minimum cumulative resistance) as the mainstream, but the coupling consideration of circuit theory is insufficient.

“The research method of heritage corridor construction takes MCR (minimum cumulative resistance) as the mainstream, but the coupling consideration of circuit theory is insufficient 26 .”

• cites [26] Wang, Q., Yang, C., Wang, J. & Tan, L. Tourism in Historic Urban Areas: construction of cultural heritage corridor based on minimum cumulative resistance and gravity model—a case study of Tianjin. China Build. 14, 2144 (2024). sourceNot checked — no full text of the source

Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.

Academic contributions have emphasized the significant role of cultural corridor construction in promoting regional development.

“Academic contributions have emphasized the significant role of cultural corridor construction in promoting regional development 50 .”

• cites [50] Xu, H., Plieninger, T. & Primdahl, J. A systematic comparison of cultural and ecological landscape corridors in Europe. Land 8, 41 (2019). sourceCheck pending

It may state two separate claims as one.

The economy of the towns along the first-class corridor route is active, the infrastructure is perfect, and the feasibility of corridor construction is high.

“The economy of the towns along the route is active, the infrastructure is perfect, and the feasibility of corridor construction is high.”

Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.

This approach aligns with Li et al.'s emphasis on the coupling of humanistic and natural elements.

“This aligns with Li et al.'s 25 emphasis on “the coupling of humanistic and natural elements.”

• cites [25] Li, X., Zhu, R., Shi, C., Chen, J. & Wei, K. Research on the construction of intangible cultural heritage corridors in the Yellow River Basin based on geographic information system (GIS) technology and the minimum cumulative resistance (MCR) model. Herit. Sci. 12, 271 (2024). sourceCheck pending

It may state two separate claims as one.

Existing studies often use the Minimum Cumulative Resistance (MCR) model for corridor generation, but this method has limitations in addressing network closure design and multi-path optimization.

“Secondly, existing studies often use the Minimum Cumulative Resistance (MCR) model for corridor generation 25,31 , but this method has limitations in addressing network closure design and multi-path optimization 42,47 .”

• cites [25] Li, X., Zhu, R., Shi, C., Chen, J. & Wei, K. Research on the construction of intangible cultural heritage corridors in the Yellow River Basin based on geographic information system (GIS) technology and the minimum cumulative resistance (MCR) model. Herit. Sci. 12, 271 (2024). sourceCheck pending
• cites [31] Feng, M., Zhao, W. & Zhang, T. Construction and optimization strategy of county ecological infrastructure network based on MCR and gravity model—a case study of Langzhong County in Sichuan Province. Sustainability 15, 8478 (2023). sourceCheck pending
• cites [42] Zhang, L. X., Chai, B. & Zhang, Y. A comparative study on ecological networks based on MCR-Gravity model and circuit theory: a case study of Jining City. Ecol. Sin. 1, 13 (2025).Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

• cites [47] Ma, W. Research on line selection of Ganquan Long March Cultural Heritage Corridor based on MCR model (Xi’ an University of Architecture and Technology). Master’s Dissertation (2024) (In Chinese).Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

It may state two separate claims as one.

This study innovatively applied circuit theory to simulate the spatial transmission dynamics of cultural resources, overcoming the linear path limitations of traditional minimum cumulative resistance (MCR) models.

“This study innovatively applied circuit theory to simulate the spatial transmission dynamics of cultural resources, overcoming the linear path limitations of traditional minimum cumulative resistance (MCR) models.”

• AssumptionRests on an assumption: Cultural resources in geographic space can be modeled as electrical current flowing through a resistance surface.

Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.

The corridor importance matrix categorized levels based on resistance quintiles, yet threshold determination relied disproportionately on expert weighting versus empirical validation.

“Classification subjectivity: The corridor importance matrix categorized levels based on resistance quintiles, yet threshold determination relied disproportionately on expert weighting versus empirical validation.”

It may state two separate claims as one.

The advantage of Circuit theory lies in its path optimization capability; by simulating the flow process of cultural resources in geographic space and considering resistance and current density, a highly optimized spatial network is generated.

“The advantage of the Circuit theory lies in its path optimization capability based on the Circuit theory.By simulating the flow process of cultural resources in geographic space and comprehensively considering factors such as resistance and current density, a highly optimized spatial network is generated.”

• AssumptionRests on an assumption: Cultural resources in geographic space can be modeled as electrical current flowing through a resistance surface.

Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.

The multi-dimensional hierarchical system proposed in this paper makes up for the lack of cultural value stratification in the double-main-ring-and-multiple-branches structure of the Taihu heritage network and provides a scientific basis for differentiated protection strategies.

“The multi-dimensional hierarchical system proposed in this paper makes up for the lack of cultural value stratification in the “double main ring and multiple branches” structure of Taihu heritage network 35,36 , and provides a scientific basis for differentiated protection strategies.”

• cites [35] Mazzanti, M. Cultural heritage as multi-dimensional, multi-value and multi-attribute economic good: toward a new framework for economic analysis and valuation. J. Socio-Econ. 31, 529–558 (2002). sourceNot checked — no full text of the source
• cites [36] Wu, Y. et al. The research on the construction of Traditional Village Heritage Corridors in the Taihu Lake region based on the current effective conductance (CEC) theory. Buildings 15, 472 (2025). sourceNot checked — no full text of the source

It may state two separate claims as one.

Unlike corridors constructed by Ten et al. based solely on natural factors such as terrain and slope, this study is the first to integrate socio-economic elements such as nighttime light index and dining and accommodation POIs, making the resistance surface more closely aligned with the actual needs of heritage tourism.

“Unlike the corridors constructed by Ten et al. in the introduction [53][54][55] , which were based solely on natural factors such as terrain and slope, this study is the first to integrate socio-economic elements such as nighttime light index and dining and accommodation POIs (Figs. 56), making the resistance surface more closely aligned with the actual needs of”

• cites [53] Ten, Y. Xiaohe ancient road heritage corridor construction based on minimum cumulative resistance model. Planners 36, 66–70 (2020).Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

• cites [54] Yuan, Y., Xu, J. & Zhang, X. Construction of heritage corridor network based on suitability analysis: a case study of the ancient capital of Luoyang. Remote Sens. Inf. 29, 117–124 (2014).Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

• cites [55] Marques, L. F., Tenedório, J. A., Burns, M. & Romão, T. Cultural heritage 3D modelling and visualisation within and augmented reality environment, based on geographic information technologies and mobile platforms. Arch. Archit. City Environ. 11, 117–136 (2017).Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

It may state two separate claims as one.

This approach integrates the Qin River Basin into a corridor system interconnected through cultural heritage, emphasizing the spatial relationship between heritage distribution and corridor networks, aligning with the principle of trans-regional conservation and utilization of heritage corridors.

“This approach integrates the Qin River Basin into a corridor system interconnected through cultural heritage 51 , emphasizing the spatial relationship between heritage distribution and corridor networks, which aligns with the principle of “trans-regional conservation and utilization of heritage corridors 52”

• cites [51] Cheng, S. & Zhang, Y. The key to high-quality development of national cultural parks. J. Tour. 37, 8–10 (2022).Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

• cites [52] Wu, Q. & Wen, Y. A Dutch heritage policy for spatial planning in the 21st century. Famous Cities 36, 46–52 (2022).Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

It may state two separate claims as one.

This study validates heritage corridors as a viable solution to administrative fragmentation and advances quantitative modeling tools for spatial governance of cultural-ecological communities.

“This study not only validates heritage corridors as a viable solution to administrative fragmentation but also advances quantitative modeling tools for spatial governance of “cultural-ecological communities.”