The expression of genes in top obesity-associated loci is enriched in insula and substantia nigra brain regions involved in addiction and reward
Open accessAbstract
Background Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified more than 250 loci associated with body mass index (BMI) and obesity. However, post-GWAS functional genomic investigations have been inadequate for understanding how these genetic loci physiologically impact disease development.Methods We performed a PCR-free expression assay targeting genes located nearby the GWAS-identified SNPs associated with BMI/obesity in a large panel of human tissues. Furthermore, we analyzed several genetic risk scores (GRS) summing GWAS-identified alleles associated with increased BMI in 4236 individuals.Results We found that the expression of BMI/obesity susceptibility genes was strongly enriched in the brain, especially in the insula (p = 4.7 × 10-9) and substantia nigra (p = 6.8 × 10-7), which are two brain regions involved in addiction and reward. Inversely, we found that top obesity/BMI-associated loci, including FTO, showed the strongest gene expression enrichment in the two brain regions.Conclusions Our data suggest for the first time that the susceptibility genes for common obesity may have an effect on eating addiction and reward behaviors through their high expression in substantia nigra and insula, i.e., a different pattern from monogenic obesity genes that act in the hypothalamus and cause hyperphagia. Further epidemiological studies with relevant food behavior phenotypes are necessary to confirm these findings.
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Increased obesity susceptibility genes such as FTO have been found in the insula and substantia nigra.
“Increased obesity susceptibility genes (e.g., FTO) have been found in the insula and substantia nigra (brain regions involved in addiction and reward) [156].”
From Food Addiction and Psychosocial Adversity: Biological Embedding, Contextual Factors, and Public Health Implications (2020) · cites this paper as [156]
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- Authors
- Ndiaye, F. K., Huyvaert, M., Ortalli, A., Canouil, M., Lecoeur, C., Verbanck, M., Lobbens, S., Khamis, A., Marselli, L., Marchetti, P., Kerr-Conte, J., Pattou, F., Marre, M., Roussel, R., Balkau, B., Froguel, P., & Bonnefond, A.
- Affiliations
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- University of Pisa (IT)
- Inserm (FR)
- Université Paris-Sud (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Froguel, Philippe
- Bonnefond, Amélie
- ORCID
- Venue
- International Journal of Obesity
- Published
- 2019-08-06
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 539-543
- ISSN
- 0307-0565 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-5497
- PMC
- PMC7002163
- OpenAlex
- W2966385695
- Cited by
- 66
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 4
- FWCI
- 3.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- International Journal of Obesity (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- CINECA IRIS Institutial research information system (University of Pisa) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR-10-LABX-0046, ANR-10-EQPX-0007)
- National Institutes of Health
- Common Fund
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Nutrition, Genetics, and Disease
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
- Keywords
- obesity, body mass index, gene expression, insula, substantia nigra, food addiction, reward behavior, FTO, polygenic risk score, brain gene expression, food behavior
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Cerebral Cortex, Humans, Hyperphagia, Middle Aged, Obesity, Reward, Substantia Nigra, Body Mass Index, Behavior, Addictive, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Genome-Wide Association Study
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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