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Healthy hosts rule within: ecological forces shaping the gut microbiota
Open accessAbstract
A balanced gut microbiota is important for human health, but the mechanisms that maintain homeostasis are incompletely understood. Recent insights suggest the host plays a key role in shaping its gut microbiota to be beneficial. While host control in the small intestine curbs bacterial numbers to avoid competition for simple sugars and amino acids, the host limits oxygen availability in the large intestine to obtain microbial fermentation products from fiber. Epithelial cells are major players in imposing ecological control mechanisms, which involves the release of antimicrobial peptides by small-intestinal Paneth cells and maintenance of luminal anaerobiosis by epithelial hypoxia in the colon. Harnessing these epithelial control mechanisms for therapeutic means could provide a novel lynchpin for strategies to remediate dysbiosis.
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“For example, the availability of oxygen during inflammation drives a disruption, or dysbiosis, of the microbiota by favoring Enterobacteriaceae expansion through respiration (Byndloss et al., 2018).”
From The Impact of Dietary Transition Metals on Host-Bacterial Interactions (2018) · cites this paper as Byndloss et al., 2018
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Metadata
- Authors
- Byndloss, M. X., Pernitzsch, S. R., & Bäumler, A. J.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Davis (US)
- Corresponding author
- Bäumler, Andreas J.
- Venue
- Mucosal Immunology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-09
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1299-1305
- ISSN
- 1933-0219 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2800529903
- Cited by
- 109
- References
- 106
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 4
- FWCI
- 1.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Mucosal Immunology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Keywords
- gut microbiota, host-microbe interactions, microbial homeostasis, Paneth cells, antimicrobial peptides, dietary fiber fermentation, small intestine, large intestine, dysbiosis
- MeSH terms
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Host Microbial Interactions, Animals, Ecology, Epithelial Cells, Homeostasis, Humans, Intestinal Mucosa, Intestines, Microbiota
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