The DOI matches its Crossref record; 352 of the 352 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults: pathogenesis, prevention and therapy
Open accessAbstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a disease characterized by heterogeneously progressive loss of islet β cell insulin secretion usually occurring after the presence of insulin resistance (IR) and it is one component of metabolic syndrome (MS), and we named it metabolic dysfunction syndrome (MDS). The pathogenesis of T2D is not fully understood, with IR and β cell dysfunction playing central roles in its pathophysiology. Dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, along with other metabolic disorders, results in IR and/or islet β cell dysfunction via some shared pathways, such as inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), oxidative stress, and ectopic lipid deposition. There is currently no cure for T2D, but it can be prevented or in remission by lifestyle intervention and/or some medication. If prevention fails, holistic and personalized management should be taken as soon as possible through timely detection and diagnosis, considering target organ protection, comorbidities, treatment goals, and other factors in reality. T2D is often accompanied by other components of MDS, such as preobesity/obesity, metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease, dyslipidemia, which usually occurs before it, and they are considered as the upstream diseases of T2D. It is more appropriate to call “diabetic complications” as “MDS-related target organ damage (TOD)”, since their development involves not only hyperglycemia but also other metabolic disorders of MDS, promoting an up-to-date management philosophy. In this review, we aim to summarize the underlying mechanism, screening, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of T2D, especially regarding the personalized selection of hypoglycemic agents and holistic management based on the concept of “MDS-related TOD”.
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1 retracted
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Empagliflozin, Cardiovascular Outcomes, and Mortality in Type 2 Diabetes
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Obesity is associated with macrophage accumulation in adipose tissue
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Canagliflozin and Cardiovascular and Renal Events in Type 2 Diabetes
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Liraglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes
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Cited by
Obesity: pathophysiology and therapeutic interventions
Kong, Y., Yang, H., Nie, R., Zhang, X., Zuo, F., Zhang, H., & Nian, X. (2025) · Molecular Biomedicine · doi:10.1186/s43556-025-00264-9 · Cited by 89
Self-citationBajaj, H. S., Welch, M., Shah, P., Luna, E., Jaouimaa, F.-Z., Liu, B., Liu, R., Chen, Y., Patel, H., & Bartee, A. (2026) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(26)00967-0 · Cited by 23
García-Niño, W. R., Zúñiga-Muñoz, A. M., & Maldonado-Macías, X. P. (2026) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2026.178715 · Cited by 1
Metadata
- Authors
- Lu, X., Xie, Q., Pan, X., Zhang, R., Zhang, X., Peng, G., Zhang, Y., Shen, S., & Tong, N.
- Venue
- Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy
- Published
- 2024-10-02
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 262-262
- ISSN
- 2059-3635 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4403013111
- Cited by
- 665
- References
- 352
- FWCI
- 180.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
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