RETRACTED ARTICLE: LRRK2 kinase regulates α-synuclein propagation via RAB35 phosphorylation
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Propagation of α-synuclein aggregates has been suggested as a contributing factor in Parkinson's disease (PD) progression. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying α-synuclein aggregation are not fully understood. Here, we demonstrate in cell culture, nematode, and rodent models of PD that leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2), a PD-linked kinase, modulates α-synuclein propagation in a kinase activity-dependent manner. The PD-linked G2019S mutation in LRRK2, which increases kinase activity, enhances propagation efficiency. Furthermore, we show that the role of LRRK2 in α-synuclein propagation is mediated by RAB35 phosphorylation. Constitutive activation of RAB35 overrides the reduced α-synuclein propagation phenotype in lrk-1 mutant C. elegans. Finally, in a mouse model of synucleinopathy, administration of an LRRK2 kinase inhibitor reduced α-synuclein aggregation via enhanced interaction of α-synuclein with the lysosomal degradation pathway. These results suggest that LRRK2-mediated RAB35 phosphorylation is a potential therapeutic target for modifying disease progression.
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A previous study found that LRRK2 inhibition reduced α-synuclein pathology in synucleinopathy mice.
“Indeed, a previous study found that LRRK2 inhibition reduced α-synuclein pathology in synucleinopathy mice (28).”
From LRRK2 mediates microglial neurotoxicity via NFATc2 in rodent models of synucleinopathies (2020) · cites this paper as [28]
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- Authors
- Bae, E.-J., Kim, D.-K., Kim, C., Mante, M., Adame, A., Rockenstein, E., Ulusoy, A., Klinkenberg, M., Jeong, G. R., Bae, J. R., Lee, C., Lee, H.-J., Lee, B.-D., Di Monte, D. A., Masliah, E., & Lee, S.-J.
- Affiliations
- Seoul National University (KR)
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- University of California San Diego (US)
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DE)
- Kyung Hee University (KR)
- Konkuk University (KR)
- Corresponding author
- Lee, Seung-Jae
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nature Communications
- Published
- 2018-08-27
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 3465-3465
- ISSN
- 2041-1723 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6110743
- OpenAlex
- W2888203729
- Cited by
- 149
- References
- 74
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 14.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Status
- Retracted
- Update notices
- retraction (2026-10-05)
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Nature Communications (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DZNE Pub (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Research Foundation
- Seoul National University
- Seoul National University Hospital
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Nuclear Receptors and Signaling
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Keywords
- LRRK2 kinase, alpha-synuclein propagation, Parkinson's disease, G2019S mutation, synucleinopathies, lysosomal degradation, LRRK2 inhibitors, protein aggregation
- MeSH terms
- Leucine-Rich Repeat Serine-Threonine Protein Kinase-2, Animals, Humans, Microscopy, Fluorescence, Phosphorylation, Plasmids, Blotting, Western, Caenorhabditis elegans, rab GTP-Binding Proteins, Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins, Cell Line, Tumor, Rats, alpha-Synuclein
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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