High-fidelity manipulation of a qubit enabled by a manufactured nucleus
Open accessAbstract
The recently demonstrated trapping and laser cooling of 133 Ba+ has opened the door to the use of this nearly ideal atom for quantum information processing. However, before high-fidelity qubit operations can be performed, a number of unknown state energies are needed. Here, we report measurements of the 2 P 3/2 and 2 D 5/2 hyperfine splittings, as well as the 2 P 3/2 ↔ 2 S 1/2 and 2 P 3/2 ↔ 2 D 5/2 transition frequencies. Using these transitions, we demonstrate high-fidelity 133 Ba+ hyperfine qubit manipulation with electron shelving detection to benchmark qubit state preparation and measurement (SPAM). Using single-shot, threshold discrimination, we measure an average SPAM fidelity of $${\mathcal{F}}=0.99971(3)$$ F = 0.99971 ( 3 ) , a factor of ≈2 improvement over the best reported performance of any qubit.
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It is difficult to differentiate state preparation errors from measurement errors.
“It is difficult to differentiate state preparation errors from measurement errors93”
From A 98-qubit trapped-ion quantum computer with all-to-all connectivity (2026) · cites this paper as [93]
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Self-citationA 98-qubit trapped-ion quantum computer with all-to-all connectivity
Ransford, A., Allman, M. S., Arkinstall, J., Campora, J. P., Cooper, S. F., Delaney, R. D., Dreiling, J. M., Estey, B., Figgatt, C., Hall, A., et al. (2026) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-026-10676-4 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
“It is difficult to differentiate state preparation errors from measurement errors 93 , although from detailed modelling of 137 Ba + qubits, we expect state preparation errors to be the largest contributor 9 .”
- Authors
- Christensen, J. E., Hucul, D., Campbell, W. C., & Hudson, E. R.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- United States Air Force Research Laboratory (US)
- Corresponding author
- Christensen, Justin E.
- Venue
- npj Quantum Information
- Published
- 2020-04-14
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 1
- ISSN
- 2056-6387 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3016939811
- Cited by
- 78
- References
- 8
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 8
- FWCI
- 5.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- npj Quantum Information (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Funders
- Army Research Office (W911NF, W911NF-18-1-0097)
- Air Force Research Laboratory
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Quantum Information and Cryptography
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Cold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein Condensates
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Quantum optics and atomic interactions
- Keywords
- 133Ba, hyperfine qubits, qubit manipulation, hyperfine splitting, single-shot measurement, laser cooling of ions, quantum information processing, ion trap
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