Cited by 1,597Cancer Genomics and DiagnosticsGenomics and Rare DiseasesChromatin Remodeling and Cancer

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The COSMIC Cancer Gene Census: describing genetic dysfunction across all human cancers

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Sondka, Zbyslaw, Bamford, Sally, Cole, Charlotte G., Ward, Sari A., Dunham, Ian, Forbes, Simon A.·2018·Nature Reviews Cancer

DOI 10.1038/s41568-018-0060-1PMC PMC6450507

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Abstract

The Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC) Cancer Gene Census (CGC) is an expert-curated description of the genes driving human cancer that is used as a standard in cancer genetics across basic research, medical reporting and pharmaceutical development. After a major expansion and complete re-evaluation, the 2018 CGC describes in detail the effect of 719 cancer-driving genes. The recent expansion includes functional and mechanistic descriptions of how each gene contributes to disease generation in terms of the key cancer hallmarks and the impact of mutations on gene and protein function. These functional characteristics depict the extraordinary complexity of cancer biology and suggest multiple cancer-related functions for many genes, which are often highly tissue-dependent or tumour stage-dependent. The 2018 CGC encompasses a second tier, describing an expanding list of genes (currently 145) from more recent cancer studies that show supportive but less detailed indications of a role in cancer.

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Authors: Sondka, Z., Bamford, S., Cole, C. G., Ward, S. A., Dunham, I., & Forbes, S. A.
Affiliations: Wellcome Sanger Institute (GB)
European Bioinformatics Institute (GB)
ORCID: Dunham, Ian
Venue: Nature Reviews Cancer
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2018-10-06
Volume: 18
Issue: 11
Pages: 696-705
ISSN: 1474-175X (ISSN-L)
1474-1768
DOI: 10.1038/s41568-018-0060-1
PMC: PMC6450507
OpenAlex: W2894573839
Cited by: 1,597
References: 102
Citations by year: 2026: 125 · 2025: 227 · 2024: 242 · 2023: 239 · 2022: 260 · 2021: 250 · 2020: 167 · 2019: 75 · 2018: 8
FWCI: 13.23
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Nature reviews. Cancer (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: Wellcome Trust
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genomics and Rare Diseases
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Chromatin Remodeling and Cancer
Keywords: somatic mutations, cancer genetics, gene function, cancer hallmarks, expert curation, cancer genomics
MeSH terms: Humans, Mutation, Neoplasms, Censuses

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The COSMIC Cancer Gene Census: describing genetic dysfunction across all human cancers

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