Cited by 217Hormonal and reproductive studiesAdrenal Hormones and DisordersSexual Differentiation and Disorders

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 223 of the 230 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

11-Oxygenated androgens in health and disease

Open access

Turcu, Adina F., Rege, Juilee, Auchus, Richard J., Rainey, William E.·2020·Nature Reviews Endocrinology

DOI 10.1038/s41574-020-0336-xPMC PMC7881526

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

The adrenal gland is a source of sex steroid precursors, and its activity is particularly relevant during fetal development and adrenarche. Following puberty, the synthesis of androgens by the adrenal gland has been considered of little physiologic importance. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and its sulfate, DHEAS, are the major adrenal androgen precursors, but they are biologically inactive. The second most abundant unconjugated androgen produced by the human adrenals is 11β-hydroxyandrostenedione (11OHA4). 11-Ketotestosterone, a downstream metabolite of 11OHA4 (which is mostly produced in peripheral tissues), and its 5α-reduced product, 11-ketodihydrotestosterone, are bioactive androgens, with potencies equivalent to those of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone. These adrenal-derived androgens all share an oxygen atom on carbon 11, so we have collectively termed them 11-oxyandrogens. Over the past decade, these androgens have emerged as major components of several disorders of androgen excess, such as congenital adrenal hyperplasia, premature adrenarche and polycystic ovary syndrome, as well as in androgen-dependent tumours, such as castration-resistant prostate cancer. Moreover, in contrast to the more extensively studied, traditional androgens, circulating concentrations of 11-oxyandrogens do not demonstrate an age-dependent decline. This Review focuses on the rapidly expanding knowledge regarding the implications of 11-oxyandrogens in human physiology and disease.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1038/s41574-020-0336-x

Cites

223 of 223 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Revised 2003 consensus on diagnostic criteria and long-term health risks related to polycystic ovary syndrome
(2004) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2003.10.004 · Cited by 9,050
Increased Survival with Enzalutamide in Prostate Cancer after Chemotherapy
Scher, H. I., Fizazi, K., Saad, F., Taplin, M.-E., Sternberg, C. N., Miller, K., de Wit, R., Mulders, P., Chi, K. N., Shore, N. D., et al. (2012) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1207506 · Cited by 4,586
Abiraterone and Increased Survival in Metastatic Prostate Cancer
de Bono, J. S., Logothetis, C. J., Molina, A., Fizazi, K., North, S., Chu, L., Chi, K. N., Jones, R. J., Goodman, O. B., Saad, F., et al. (2011) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1014618 · Cited by 4,407
Abiraterone in Metastatic Prostate Cancer without Previous Chemotherapy
Ryan, C. J., Smith, M. R., de Bono, J. S., Molina, A., Logothetis, C. J., de Souza, P., Fizazi, K., Mainwaring, P., Piulats, J. M., Ng, S., et al. (2013) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1209096 · Cited by 2,796
The Prevalence and Features of the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in an Unselected Population
Azziz, R., Woods, K. S., Reyna, R., Key, T. J., Knochenhauer, E. S., & Yıldız, B. O. (2004) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2003-032046 · Cited by 2,715
The Molecular Biology, Biochemistry, and Physiology of Human Steroidogenesis and Its Disorders
Miller, W. L., & Auchus, R. J. (2011) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2010-0013 · Cited by 2,458
Self-citation
Men at risk: occupation and male infertility.
Claman, P. (2004) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(03)01188-9 · Cited by 2,219
The Androgen Excess and PCOS Society criteria for the polycystic ovary syndrome: the complete task force report
Azziz, R., Carmina, E., Dewailly, D., Diamanti-Kandarakis, E., Escobar-Morreale, H. F., Futterweit, W., Janssen, O. E., Legro, R. S., Norman, R. J., Taylor, A. E., et al. (2009) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.06.035 · Cited by 2,132
Consensus on women’s health aspects of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): the Amsterdam ESHRE/ASRM-Sponsored 3rd PCOS Consensus Workshop Group
Fauser, B. C. J. M., Tarlatzis, B. C., Rebar, R. W., Legro, R. S., Balen, A. H., Lobo, R., Carmina, E., Chang, J., Yildiz, B. O., Laven, J. S. E., et al. (2012) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.09.024 · Cited by 1,976
EAU Guidelines on Prostate Cancer. Part II: Treatment of Advanced, Relapsing, and Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Heidenreich, A., Bastian, P. J., Joaquim Bellmunt, B., Bolla, M., Joniau, S., van der Kwast, T., Mason, M., Matveev, V., Wiegel, T., Zattoni, F., et al. (2013) · European Urology · doi:10.1016/j.eururo.2013.11.002 · Cited by 1,869

Show all 230 references

Research works printed but not linked: 2

Thomas, J. L., Myers, R. P. & Strickler, R. C. Human placental 3β-hydroxy-5-ene-steroid dehydrogenase and steroid 5/4-ene-isomerase: purification from mitochondria and kinetic profiles, biophysical characterization of the purified mitochondrial and microsomal enzymes. J. Steroid Biochem. 33, 209–217 (1989). · DOI · Paper page
Fluck, C. E., Miller, W. L. & Auchus, R. J. The 17,20-lyase activity of cytochrome p450c17 from human fetal testis favors the Δ5 steroidogenic pathway. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 88, 3762–3766 (2003). · DOI · Paper page

Sorted by citations

Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia—Current Insights in Pathophysiology, Diagnostics, and Management
Claahsen - van der Grinten, H. L., Speiser, P. W., Ahmed, S. F., Arlt, W., Auchus, R. J., Falhammar, H., Flück, C. E., Guasti, L., Huebner, A., Kortmann, B. B. M., et al. (2022) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/endrev/bnab016 · Cited by 556
Self-citation
Basics of androgen synthesis and action
Elzenaty, R. N., du Toit, T., & Flück, C. E. (2022) · Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.beem.2022.101665 · Cited by 218
Normal and Premature Adrenarche
Rosenfield, R. L. (2021) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/endrev/bnab009 · Cited by 170
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Oxidative Stress—From Bench to Bedside
Żeber‐Lubecka, N., Ciebiera, M., & Hennig, E. E. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms241814126 · Cited by 162
The Roles of Androgens in Humans: Biology, Metabolic Regulation and Health
Alemany, M. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms231911952 · Cited by 150
Carboranes as unique pharmacophores in antitumor medicinal chemistry
Chen, Y., Du, F., Tang, L., Xu, J., Zhao, Y., Wu, X., Li, M., Shen, J., Wen, Q., Cho, C. H., et al. (2022) · Molecular Therapy — Oncolytics · doi:10.1016/j.omto.2022.01.005 · Cited by 124
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Opportunities
Dong, J., & Rees, D. A. (2023) · BMJ Medicine · doi:10.1136/bmjmed-2023-000548 · Cited by 123
Management challenges and therapeutic advances in congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Mallappa, A., & Merke, D. P. (2022) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/s41574-022-00655-w · Cited by 113
Androgen excess: a hallmark of polycystic ovary syndrome
Wang, K., Lǐ, Y., & Chen, Y. (2023) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2023.1273542 · Cited by 133
Hormones and Aging: An Endocrine Society Scientific Statement
Cappola, A. R., Auchus, R. J., Fuleihan, G. E., Handelsman, D. J., Kalyani, R. R., McClung, M. R., Stuenkel, C. A., Thorner, M. O., & Verbalis, J. G. (2023) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgad225 · Cited by 108
Self-citation
Update on adrenarche
Witchel, S. F., Pinto, B., Burghard, A. C., & Oberfield, S. E. (2020) · Current Opinion in Pediatrics · doi:10.1097/mop.0000000000000928 · Cited by 73
Approach to Investigation of Hyperandrogenism in a Postmenopausal Woman
Hirschberg, A. L. (2022) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgac673 · Cited by 62
Adrenal cortex development and related disorders leading to adrenal insufficiency
Pignatti, E., & Flück, C. E. (2021) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.mce.2021.111206 · Cited by 67
Treatment of Cushing’s syndrome with osilodrostat: practical applications of recent studies with case examples
Fleseriu, M., & Biller, B. M. K. (2022) · Pituitary · doi:10.1007/s11102-022-01268-2 · Cited by 53
Criteria for Diagnosis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome during Adolescence: Literature Review
Peña, A. S., Ethel Codner, D., & Witchel, S. F. (2022) · Diagnostics · doi:10.3390/diagnostics12081931 · Cited by 60
Nonclassic Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
Jha, S., & Turcu, A. F. (2021) · Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2020.10.008 · Cited by 55
Self-citation
A “One‐Stop Shop” Decision Tree for Diagnosing and Phenotyping Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome on Serum Metabolic Fingerprints
Wang, R., Gu, Z., Wang, Y., Yin, X., Liu, W., Chen, W., Huang, Y., Wu, J., Yang, S., Feng, L., et al. (2022) · Advanced Functional Materials · doi:10.1002/adfm.202206670 · Cited by 46
Gut feelings about bacterial steroid-17,20-desmolase
Ly, L. K., Doden, H. L., & Ridlon, J. M. (2021) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.mce.2021.111174 · Cited by 45
Do Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and Its Sulfate (DHEAS) Play a Role in the Stress Response in Domestic Animals?
Gabai, G., Mongillo, P., Giaretta, E., & Marinelli, L. (2020) · Frontiers in Veterinary Science · doi:10.3389/fvets.2020.588835 · Cited by 41
The sex steroid precursor dehydroepiandrosterone prevents nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by activating the AMPK pathway mediated by GPR30
Li, L., Wang, H., Yao, Y., Cao, J., Jiang, Z., Yan, W., Chu, X., Li, Q., Lu, M., & Ma, H. (2021) · Redox Biology · doi:10.1016/j.redox.2021.102187 · Cited by 40
Update on Adrenarche—Still a Mystery
Augsburger, P., Liimatta, J., & Flück, C. E. (2024) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgae008 · Cited by 44
An expanded metabolic pathway for androgen production by commensal bacteria
Wang, T., Ahmad, S., Cruz-Lebrón, A., Ernst, S. E., Caicedo, K. Y. O., Jeong, Y., Binion, B., Mbuvi, P., Dutta, D., Fernández-Materán, F. V., et al. (2025) · Nature Microbiology · doi:10.1038/s41564-025-01979-9 · Cited by 42
Longitudinal Investigation of Pubertal Milestones and Hormones as a Function of Body Fat in Girls
Ortega, M. T., McGrath, J. A., Carlson, L. J., Poccia, V. F., Larson, G. J., Douglas, C. E., Sun, B. Z., Zhao, S., Beery, B. L., Vesper, H. W., et al. (2021) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgab092 · Cited by 34
A quantitative analysis of total and free 11-oxygenated androgens and its application to human serum and plasma specimens using liquid-chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
Caron, P., Turcotte, V., & Guillemette, C. (2021) · Journal of Chromatography A · doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462228 · Cited by 32
Interpretation of Steroid Biomarkers in 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency and Their Use in Disease Management
Sarafoglou, K., Merke, D. P., Reisch, N., der Grinten, H. L. C., Falhammar, H., & Auchus, R. J. (2023) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgad134 · Cited by 32
Self-citation
Molecular diagnosis of steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency: A practical approach
Arriba, M., & Ezquieta, B. (2022) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2022.834549 · Cited by 30
Should Dehydroepiandrosterone Be Administered to Women?
Wierman, M. E., & Kiseljak‐Vassiliades, K. (2022) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgac130 · Cited by 31
An integrated single-cell analysis of human adrenal cortex development
del Valle, I., Young, M. D., Kildisiute, G., Ogunbiyi, O. K., Buonocore, F., Simcock, I. C., Khabirova, E., Crespo, B., Moreno, N., Brooks, T., et al. (2023) · JCI Insight · doi:10.1172/jci.insight.168177 · Cited by 31
AKR1C2 and AKR1C3 expression in adipose tissue: Association with body fat distribution and regulatory variants
Ostinelli, G., Vijay, J., Vohl, M., Grundberg, E., & Tchernof, A. (2021) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.mce.2021.111220 · Cited by 28
Targeting sex steroid biosynthesis for breast and prostate cancer therapy
POUTANEN, M. H., Thulin, M. H., & Härkönen, P. L. (2023) · Nature reviews. Cancer · doi:10.1038/s41568-023-00609-y · Cited by 31
Androgen receptor signalling in non-prostatic malignancies: challenges and opportunities
Dotto, G. P., Buckinx, A., Özdemir, B. C., & Simon, C. (2024) · Nature reviews. Cancer · doi:10.1038/s41568-024-00772-w · Cited by 26
Programming Fluorogenic DNA Probes for Rapid Detection of Steroids
Ebrahimi, S. B., Samanta, D., Partridge, B. E., Kusmierz, C. D., Cheng, H. F., Grigorescu, A. A., Chávez, J. L., Mirau, P. A., & Mirkin, C. A. (2021) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.202103440 · Cited by 26
Non-Classic Disorder of Adrenal Steroidogenesis and Clinical Dilemmas in 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency Combined with Backdoor Androgen Pathway. Mini-Review and Case Report
Sumińska, M., Bogusz‐Górna, K., Wegner, D., & Fichna, M. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21134622 · Cited by 26
11-Oxyandrogens in Adolescents With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Taylor, A. E., Ware, M. A., Breslow, E., Pyle, L. L., Severn, C., Nadeau, K. J., Chan, C. L., Kelsey, M. M., & Cree‐Green, M. (2022) · Journal of the Endocrine Society · doi:10.1210/jendso/bvac037 · Cited by 25
Changes in melatonin and sex steroid hormone production among men as a result of rotating night shift work – the HORMONIT study
Harding, B. N., Castaño‐Vinyals, G., Cros, A. P., Papantoniou, K., Espinosa, A., Skene, D. J., Middleton, B., Gomez‐Gómez, À., Navarrete, J. M., Such, P., et al. (2021) · Scandinavian Journal of Work Environment & Health · doi:10.5271/sjweh.3991 · Cited by 29
Long‐term health consequences of congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Pofi, R., Ji, X., Krone, N. P., & Tomlinson, J. (2023) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/cen.14967 · Cited by 28
Gender differences in human adrenal cortex and its disorders
Gao, X., Yamazaki, Y., Tezuka, Y., Omata, K., Ono, Y., Morimoto, R., Nakamura, Y., Satoh, F., & Sasano, H. (2021) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.mce.2021.111177 · Cited by 23
Non-PCOS Hyperandrogenic Disorders in Adolescents
Esquivel-Zuniga, M. R., Kirschner, C. K., McCartney, C. R., & Solorzano, C. M. B. (2022) · Seminars in Reproductive Medicine · doi:10.1055/s-0041-1742259 · Cited by 23
Endogenous Diurnal Patterns of Adrenal and Gonadal Hormones During a 24-Hour Constant Routine After Simulated Shift Work
Kelly, M. R., Yuen, F., Satterfield, B. C., Auchus, R. J., Gaddameedhi, S., Dongen, H. P. A. V., & Liu, P. Y. (2022) · Journal of the Endocrine Society · doi:10.1210/jendso/bvac153 · Cited by 23
Self-citation
Salivary Profiles of 11-Oxygenated Androgens Follow a Diurnal Rhythm in Patients With Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
Nowotny, H. F., Auer, M. K., Lottspeich, C., Schmidt, H., Dubinski, I., Bidlingmaier, M., Adaway, J., Hawley, J., Keevil, B., & Reisch, N. (2021) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgab446 · Cited by 22
The serum steroid signature of PCOS hints at the involvement of novel pathways for excess androgen biosynthesis
Altinkilic, E. M., du Toit, T., Sakin, Ö., Attar, R., Groessl, M., & Flück, C. E. (2023) · The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2023.106366 · Cited by 22
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells preferentially activate 11-oxygenated androgens
Schiffer, L., Bossey, A., Kempegowda, P., TAYLOR, A. E. R., Akerman, İ., Scheel‐Toellner, D., Storbeck, K., & Arlt, W. (2021) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje-20-1077 · Cited by 22
Bioactivity of 11 keto and hydroxy androgens in yeast and mammalian host cells
Handelsman, D. J., Cooper, E. R., & Heather, A. K. (2022) · The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2021.106049 · Cited by 22
Steroid hormone regulation of immunometabolism and inflammation
Smith, L. C., Ramar, M., Riley, G., Mathias, C. B., & Lee, J.-Y. (2025) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2025.1654034 · Cited by 28
Profiles of 5α-Reduced Androgens in Humans and Eels: 5α-Dihydrotestosterone and 11-Ketodihydrotestosterone Are Active Androgens Produced in Eel Gonads
Yazawa, T., Inaba, H., Imamichi, Y., Sekiguchi, T., Uwada, J., Islam, M. S., Orisaka, M., Mikami, D., Ida, T., Sato, T., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2021.657360 · Cited by 23
11-oxygenated androgens and their relation to hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal-axis disturbances in adults with congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Auer, M. K., Paizoni, L., Neuner, M., Lottspeich, C., Schmidt, H., Bidlingmaier, M., Hawley, J. M., Keevil, B. G., & Reisch, N. (2021) · The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2021.105921 · Cited by 24
Associations of prepubertal urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations with pubertal onset among a longitudinal cohort of boys
Burns, J. S., Sergeyev, O., Lee, M., Williams, P. L., Mínguez‐Alarcón, L., Plaku-Alakbarova, B., Sokolov, S. A., Kovalev, S. V., Koch, H. M., Lebedev, А. T., et al. (2022) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2022.113218 · Cited by 21
Sensitive HPLC-DMS/MS/MS method coupled with dispersive magnetic solid phase extraction followed by in situ derivatization for the simultaneous determination of multiplexing androgens and 17-hydroxyprogesterone in human serum and its application to patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome
Zhang, X., Xu, H., Feng, G., Yang, L., Zhao, L., Li, R., & Zhao, R. (2022) · Clinica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.cca.2022.11.025 · Cited by 21
Genetics and Pathophysiology of Classic Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Due to 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency
Yang, M., & White, P. C. (2025) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgae535 · Cited by 20
The uncommon forms of congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Auchus, R. J. (2022) · Current Opinion in Endocrinology Diabetes and Obesity · doi:10.1097/med.0000000000000727 · Cited by 24
Self-citation
Biomarkers in congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Bacila, I. A., Lawrence, N., Badrinath, S. G., Balagamage, C., & Krone, N. P. (2023) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/cen.14960 · Cited by 23
Circadian Rhythms of 11-Oxygenated C19 Steroids and 5-Steroid Sulfates in Healthy Men
Turcu, A. F., Zhao, L., Chen, X., Yang, R., Rege, J., Rainey, W. E., Veldhuis, J. D., & Auchus, R. J. (2021) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje-21-0348 · Cited by 19
Self-citation
History of androgens and androgen action
Handelsman, D. J. (2022) · Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.beem.2022.101629 · Cited by 19
Reduced Dehydroepiandrosterone-Sulfate Levels in the Mid-Luteal Subphase of the Menstrual Cycle: Implications to Women’s Health Research
Hamidovic, A., Soumare, F., Naveed, A., Davis, J. M., Sun, J., & Dang, N. (2022) · Metabolites · doi:10.3390/metabo12100941 · Cited by 19
Supergenes on steroids
Maney, D. L., & Küpper, C. (2022) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2020.0507 · Cited by 18
Anorexia nervosa and adrenal hormones: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Thavaraputta, S., Ungprasert, P., Witchel, S. F., & Fazeli, P. K. (2023) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1093/ejendo/lvad123 · Cited by 25
Interplay of Cortisol, Testosterone, and Abdominal Fat Mass in Normal-weight Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Dumesic, D. A., Turcu, A. F., Liu, H., Grogan, T., Abbott, D. H., Lu, G., Dharanipragada, D., & Chazenbalk, G. D. (2023) · Journal of the Endocrine Society · doi:10.1210/jendso/bvad079 · Cited by 20
Self-citation
Osilodrostat Treatment for Adrenal and Ectopic Cushing Syndrome: Integration of Clinical Studies With Case Presentations
Fleseriu, M., Auchus, R. J., Bancos, I., & Biller, B. M. K. (2025) · Journal of the Endocrine Society · doi:10.1210/jendso/bvaf027 · Cited by 20
Self-citation
Urinary concentration of phthalates and bisphenol A during minipuberty is associated with reproductive hormone concentrations in infant boys
Müller, M. L., Busch, A. S., Ljubicic, M. L., Upners, E. N., Fischer, M. B., Hagen, C. P., Albrethsen, J., Frederiksen, H. W., Juul, A., & Andersson, A. (2023) · International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health · doi:10.1016/j.ijheh.2023.114166 · Cited by 17
Inhibition of the glucocorticoid‐activating enzyme 11β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 drives concurrent 11‐oxygenated androgen excess
Schiffer, L., Oestlund, I., Snoep, J. L., Gilligan, L. C., TAYLOR, A. E. R., Sinclair, A. J., Singhal, R., Freeman, A., Ajjan, R., Tiganescu, A., et al. (2024) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.202302131r · Cited by 14
Premature Adrenarche in Girls Characterized By Enhanced 17,20-Lyase and 17β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Activities
Janner, M., Sommer, G., Groessl, M., & Flück, C. E. (2020) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgaa598 · Cited by 15
Artifactual elevations of 11β-hydroxyandrostenedione and 11-ketoandrostenedione in mass spectrometry assays
Lee, C., O’Day, P., Stouffer, D. G., Auchus, R. J., & Turcu, A. F. (2025) · The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2025.106717 · Cited by 15
Self-citation
Reference intervals for serum 11-oxygenated androgens in children
Adriaansen, B. P. H., Oude-Alink, S., Swinkels, D. W., Schröder, M. A. M., Span, P. N., Sweep, F. C. G. J., der Grinten, H. L. C., & van Herwaarden, A. E. (2024) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1093/ejendo/lvae008 · Cited by 15
The dual impact of GLP-1 receptor agonists on metabolic and reproductive health in polycystic ovary syndrome: insights from human and animal trials
Hoteit, B. H., Kotaich, J., Ftouni, H., Hazime, F., Safawi, A., Masri, R., & Marwani, M. (2025) · Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1177/20420188251383064 · Cited by 18
Androgen Excess and Deficiency: Analytical and Diagnostic Approaches
Heijboer, A. C., & Hannema, S. E. (2023) · Clinical Chemistry · doi:10.1093/clinchem/hvad146 · Cited by 14
Understanding hirsutism in PCOS
Oliveira, T. F., & Comim, F. V. (2024) · Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1080/17446651.2024.2310558 · Cited by 13
Human Gonads Do Not Contribute to the Circulating Pool of 11-Oxygenated Androgens
Charoensri, S., Rege, J., Lee, C., Marko, X., Sherk, W. M., Sholinyan, J., Rainey, W. E., & Turcu, A. F. (2024) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgae420 · Cited by 13
Self-citation
Underestimated reactions and regulation patterns of adrenal cytochromes P450
Bernhardt, R., & Neunzig, J. (2021) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.mce.2021.111237 · Cited by 13
Testosterone and Myelin Regeneration in the Central Nervous System
Schumacher, M., Ghoumari, A. M., Mattern, C., Bougneres, P. F., & Traiffort, É. (2021) · Androgens Clinical Research and Therapeutics · doi:10.1089/andro.2021.0023 · Cited by 14
Antiandrogenic Effects of a Polyphenol in Carex kobomugi through Inhibition of Androgen Synthetic Pathway and Downregulation of Androgen Receptor in Prostate Cancer Cell Lines
Kudo, Y., Endo, S., Tanio, M., Saka, T., Himura, R., Abe, N., Takeda, M., Yamaguchi, E., Yoshino, Y., Arai, Y., et al. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms232214356 · Cited by 12
Simultaneous measurement of 17 endogenous steroid hormones in human serum by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry without derivatization
Gjorgoska, M., & Rižner, T. L. (2024) · The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2024.106578 · Cited by 13
A widespread metabolic gene cluster family in metazoans
Grayson, N. E., Scesa, P. D., Moore, M. L., Ledoux, J., Gómez‐Garrido, J., Alioto, T., Michael, T. P., Burkhardt, I., Schmidt, E. W., & Moore, B. S. (2025) · Nature Chemical Biology · doi:10.1038/s41589-025-01927-y · Cited by 16
Landscape of Steroid Dynamics in Pregnancy: Insights From the Maternal-Placental-Fetal Unit and Placental Models
Karahoda, R., du Toit, T., Fuenzalida, B., Kallol, S., Groessl, M., Anderle, P., Ontsouka, E. C., Štaud, F., Flueck, C. E., & Albrecht, C. (2025) · Molecular & Cellular Proteomics · doi:10.1016/j.mcpro.2025.100976 · Cited by 12
Quantification of androgens and their precursors in full-term human placenta
Yoshida, T., Matsumoto, K., Miyado, M., Miyashiro, Y., Sago, H., Horikawa, R., & Fukami, M. (2021) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje-21-0312 · Cited by 11
Circulating adrenal 11-oxygenated androgens are associated with clinical outcome in endometrial cancer
Dahmani, C., Caron, P., Simonyan, D., Turcotte, V., Grégoire, J., Plante, M., & Guillemette, C. (2023) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2023.1156680 · Cited by 11
Gut bacteria convert cortisol into a distinct host signalling moleculePreprint
Freiberg, M., Wang, T., Rosa, R. S. D. L., Oßwald, A., Melo, M. C. R., Stouffer, D. G., Buobu, P. S., Welsh, C., Yang, L., Abdel-Hamid, A. M., et al. (2020) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2020.06.12.149468 · Cited by 10
Self-citation
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia: New biomarkers and adult treatments
Dreves, B., Reznik, Y., & Tabarin, A. (2023) · Annales d Endocrinologie · doi:10.1016/j.ando.2023.01.008 · Cited by 11
A systematic review on idiopathic intracranial hypertension comorbid with polycystic ovarian syndrome and its consequences
Rzewuska, N., Kunicki, J., Pieniak, K., Laskus, P., Zabielska, B. A., Smolarczyk, R., & Kunicki, M. (2023) · European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2023.11.005 · Cited by 10
Aqueous Ethanolic Extract of Inonotus obliquus Ameliorates Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome by Modulating Oxidative Stress and Downregulating TNF- α and Interleukin-6
Zhang, J., Saeed, A., Hussain, M., Siddique, R., Xu, H., Bazmi, R. R., Hussain, L., & Lv, G. (2024) · Journal of Food Biochemistry · doi:10.1155/2024/1003797 · Cited by 10
POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME: ORIGINS AND IMPLICATIONS: The significance of functional adrenal hyperandrogenism in polycystic ovary syndrome across the lifespan
Torchen, L. C., Wu, M., Thompson, B., & Beaudouin, A. (2025) · Reproduction · doi:10.1530/rep-25-0091 · Cited by 10
Maternal 11-Ketoandrostenedione Rises Through Normal Pregnancy and Is the Dominant 11-Oxygenated Androgen in Cord Blood
He, X., Banker, M. M., Puttabyatappa, M., Padmanabhan, V., & Auchus, R. J. (2021) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgab793 · Cited by 10
Self-citation
Cellular Senescence in Adrenocortical Biology and Its Disorders
Gao, X., Li, F., Liu, B., Wang, Y.-X., Wang, Y., & Zhou, H. (2021) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells10123474 · Cited by 12
Inclusion of 11-Oxygenated Androgens in a Clinical Routine LC-MS/MS Setup for Steroid Hormone Profiling
Zeidler, R. B., Biemann, R., Ceglarek, U., Kratzsch, J., Isermann, B., & Gaudl, A. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms24010539 · Cited by 10
Clinical, Biochemical and Molecular Characteristics of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Due to 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency
Güneş, S. O., Kendırcı, H. N. P., Ünal, E., Buluş, A. D., Dündar, İ., & Şıklar, Z. (2024) · Journal of Clinical Research in Pediatric Endocrinology · doi:10.4274/jcrpe.galenos.2024.2024-6-6-s · Cited by 10
11-Oxygenated Androgen Metabolite Concentrations Are Affected by Pubertal Progression and Obesity
Breslow, E., Taylor, A., Chan, C. L., Severn, C., Pyle, L., Torchen, L. C., Sisk, R. K., Legro, R. S., Turcu, A. F., Auchus, R. J., et al. (2022) · Hormone Research in Paediatrics · doi:10.1159/000528341 · Cited by 9
Self-citation
Novel aldo-keto reductase 1C3 inhibitor affects androgen metabolism but not ovarian function in healthy women: a phase 1 study
Gashaw, I., Reif, S., Wiesinger, H., Kaiser, A., Zollmann, F. S., Scheerans, C., Grevel, J., Piraino, P., Seidel, H., Peters, M., et al. (2023) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1093/ejendo/lvad063 · Cited by 9
In situ fabrication of covalent organic frameworks on solid-phase microextraction probes coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry for enrichment and determination of androgens in biosamples
Li, H., Tu, Y., Xie, W., Shi, X., Zhang, Q., Lin, J., Zhong, Y., Lin, Z., & Cai, Z. (2024) · Microchimica Acta · doi:10.1007/s00604-024-06355-8 · Cited by 9
Rare forms of genetic steroidogenic defects affecting the gonads and adrenals
Boettcher, C., & Flück, C. E. (2021) · Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.beem.2021.101593 · Cited by 10
Dehydroepiandrosterone status and efficacy of dehydroepiandrosterone supplementation for bone health in anorexia nervosa: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Lin, J., Kao, T., Cheng, Y., Fan, K., Huang, Y., & Liu, C. (2022) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.23714 · Cited by 10
The Subcutaneous Adipose Microenvironment as a Determinant of Body Fat Development in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Dumesic, D. A., Rasouli, M. A., Katz, J. D., Lu, G., Dharanipragada, D., Turcu, A. F., Grogan, T., Flores, K., Magyar, C. E., Abbott, D. H., et al. (2024) · Journal of the Endocrine Society · doi:10.1210/jendso/bvae162 · Cited by 9
Self-citation
Steroid Profiling in the Amniotic Fluid: Reference Range for 12 Steroids and Interest in 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency
Pourquet, A., Teoli, J., Bouty, A., Renault, L., Roucher‐Boulez, F., Mallet, D., Rigaud, C., Dijoud, F., Mouriquand, P. D. E., Mure, P., et al. (2022) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgac656 · Cited by 8
A spatiotemporal steroidogenic regulatory network in human fetal adrenal glands and gonads
Wang, Y., Guo, B., Guo, Y., Qi, N., Lv, Y., Ye, Y., Huang, Y., Long, X., Chen, H., Su, C., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2022.1036517 · Cited by 9
Association of classic and 11-oxygenated androgens with polycystic ovaries and menstrual cycle prolongation in infertile women with PCOS
Ma, C., Xu, H., Zhang, X., Feng, G., Shi, L., Yuan, S., Li, Y., Zhao, R., & Qiao, J. (2023) · Clinica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.cca.2023.117440 · Cited by 8
Tracing steroidogenesis in prostate biopsy samples to unveil prostate tissue androgen metabolism characteristics and potential clinical application
Hou, Z., Yang, T., Mei, Z., Zhang, S., Gao, Y., Chen, X., Tan, Q., Zhu, X., Xu, C., Lian, J., et al. (2021) · The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2021.105859 · Cited by 8
Treatment and follow-up of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Due to 21-hydroxylase Deficiency in Childhood and Adolescence
Kendırcı, H. N. P., Ünal, E., Dündar, İ., Buluş, A. D., Güneş, S. O., & Şıklar, Z. (2024) · Journal of Clinical Research in Pediatric Endocrinology · doi:10.4274/jcrpe.galenos.2024.2024-6-26-s · Cited by 9
Developmental origins of polycystic ovary syndrome: Everything starts in utero
Abbott, D. H., Greinwald, E. P., & Levine, J. E. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-823045-9.00009-2 · Cited by 9
Salivary androgens in adolescence and their value as a marker of puberty: results from the SCAMP cohort
Patjamontri, S., Spiers, A. D. V., Smith, R. B., Shen, C., Adaway, J., Keevil, B. G., Toledano, M. B., & Ahmed, S. F. (2023) · Endocrine Connections · doi:10.1530/ec-23-0084 · Cited by 6
Acquired 11β-hydroxylase Deficiency by Inhaled Etomidate and its Analogues: A Mimic of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
Lau, C.-Y., Cheung, Y., Han, T., Chung, C. M. J., Chong, Y. K., & Chen, S. P. L. (2024) · JCEM Case Reports · doi:10.1210/jcemcr/luae207 · Cited by 6
Extra-nuclear and cytoplasmic steroid receptor signalling in hormone dependent cancers
Agbana, S., & McIlroy, M. (2024) · The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2024.106559 · Cited by 5
Impaired 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 2 Activity in Kidney Disease Disrupts 11-Oxygenated Androgen Biosynthesis
Tomkins, M., McDonnell, T., Cussen, L., Sagmeister, M. S., Oestlund, I., Shaheen, F., Harper, L., Hardy, R., TAYLOR, A. E. R., Gilligan, L. C., et al. (2024) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgae714 · Cited by 6

Authors: Turcu, A. F., Rege, J., Auchus, R. J., & Rainey, W. E.
Affiliations: University of Michigan (US)
Corresponding author: Turcu, Adina F.
ORCID: Turcu, Adina F.
Rege, Juilee
Auchus, Richard J.
Rainey, William E.
Venue: Nature Reviews Endocrinology
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2020-03-16
Volume: 16
Issue: 5
Pages: 284-296
ISSN: 1759-5029 (ISSN-L)
1759-5037
DOI: 10.1038/s41574-020-0336-x
PMC: PMC7881526
OpenAlex: W3010961934
Cited by: 217
References: 230
Citations by year: 2026: 48 · 2025: 39 · 2024: 36 · 2023: 30 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 6
FWCI: 3.61
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
www.springer.com/tdm (vor)
Locations: Nature Reviews Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R01GM086596)
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (K08DK109116, R01DK069950, R01DK043140)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal and reproductive studies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Sexual Differentiation and Disorders
Keywords: adrenal androgens, 11β-hydroxyandrostenedione, 11-ketotestosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, premature adrenarche, polycystic ovary syndrome, castration-resistant prostate cancer, adrenal steroidogenesis, fetal development, adrenarche
MeSH terms: Adrenal Glands, Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital, Androgens, Endocrine System Diseases, Female, Humans, Male, Oxygen, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Prostatic Neoplasms, Puberty, Precocious

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

11-Oxygenated androgens in health and disease

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks