The DOI matches its Crossref record; 223 of the 223 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The intestine as an endocrine organ and the role of gut hormones in metabolic regulation
Abstract
Gut hormones orchestrate pivotal physiological processes in multiple metabolically active tissues, including the pancreas, liver, adipose tissue, gut and central nervous system, making them attractive therapeutic targets in the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Most gut hormones are derived from enteroendocrine cells, but bioactive peptides that are derived from other intestinal epithelial cell types have also been implicated in metabolic regulation and can be considered gut hormones. A deeper understanding of the complex inter-organ crosstalk mediated by the intestinal endocrine system is a prerequisite for designing more effective drugs that are based on or target gut hormones and their receptors, and extending their therapeutic potential beyond obesity and diabetes mellitus. In this Review, we present an overview of gut hormones that are involved in the regulation of metabolism and discuss their action in the gastrointestinal system and beyond.
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“The central ghrelin signaling plays a pivotal role in diverse physiological functions, including the regulation of food intake, hippocampal synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis, anxiety, depression, and cognitive function.”
From Microbiota–gut–brain axis and its therapeutic applications in neurodegenerative diseases (2024) · cites this paper as [544]
In the citing paper
“GLP-1 is an incretin hormone produced by the EECs in response to ingested nutrients to stimulate glucose-dependent insulin secretion and suppress appetite.”
From Microbiota–gut–brain axis and its therapeutic applications in neurodegenerative diseases (2024) · cites this paper as [544]
Citations
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BackgroundGlucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1)
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Microbiota–gut–brain axis and its therapeutic applications in neurodegenerative diseases
Loh, J. S., Mak, W. Q., Tan, L. K. S., Ng, C. X., Chan, H. H., Yeow, S. H., Foo, J. B., Ong, Y. S., How, C. W., & Khaw, K. Y. (2024) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-024-01743-1 · Cited by 1,193
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Steinberg, G. R., Valvano, C. M., De Nardo, W., & Watt, M. J. (2025) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2025.02.033 · Cited by 240
Cai, T., Wang, Y., Zhao, F., Ma, Z., Kumar, P., Xie, H., Sun, C., Wang, J., Li, Q., Guo, Y., et al. (2024) · Advanced Energy Materials · doi:10.1002/aenm.202400569 · Cited by 104
Bile acid metabolism in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Sandoval, M. C., & Haeusler, R. A. (2025) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/s41574-024-01067-8 · Cited by 54
Bitter taste receptors as sensors of gut luminal contents
Sternini, C., & Rozengurt, E. (2024) · Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology · doi:10.1038/s41575-024-01005-z · Cited by 64
“by goblet cells and of antimicrobial peptides that regulate the gut microbiota by Paneth cells 40–42 .”
Influential
Metadata
- Authors
- Bany Bakar, R., Reimann, F., & Gribble, F. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Gribble, Fiona M.
- Venue
- Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology
- Published
- 2023-08-25
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 784-796
- ISSN
- 1759-5045 (ISSN-L)
- 1759-5053
- OpenAlex
- W4386168026
- Cited by
- 144
- References
- 223
- Citations by year
- 2026: 39 · 2025: 64 · 2024: 40 · 2023: 1
- FWCI
- 5.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust (220271/Z/20/Z)
- Medical Research Council (MC_UU_00014/3)
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (1799260)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Keywords
- gastrointestinal hormones, enteroendocrine cells, metabolic regulation, obesity, type 2 diabetes, organ crosstalk, digestive physiology, bioactive peptides
- MeSH terms
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Gastrointestinal Hormones, Humans, Intestines, Obesity, Gastrointestinal Tract
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