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Cytokine release syndrome and associated neurotoxicity in cancer immunotherapy
Open accessAbstract
A paradigm shift has recently occurred in the field of cancer therapeutics. Traditional anticancer agents, such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy and small-molecule drugs targeting specific signalling pathways, have been joined by cellular immunotherapies based on T cell engineering. The rapid adoption of novel, patient-specific cellular therapies builds on scientific developments in tumour immunology, genetic engineering and cell manufacturing, best illustrated by the curative potential of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy targeting CD19-expressing malignancies. However, the clinical benefit observed in many patients may come at a cost. In up to one-third of patients, significant toxicities occur that are directly associated with the induction of powerful immune effector responses. The most frequently observed immune-mediated toxicities are cytokine release syndrome and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome. This Review discusses our current understanding of their pathophysiology and clinical features, as well as the development of novel therapeutics for their prevention and/or management. This Review discusses our current understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of cytokine release syndrome and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome associated with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapies, and how this might be used for the prevention or management of these toxicities.
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Metadata
- Authors
- Morris, E. C., Neelapu, S. S., Giavridis, T., & Sadelain, M.
- Venue
- Nature Reviews Immunology
- Published
- 2021-05-17
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 85-96
- ISSN
- 1474-1733 (ISSN-L)
- 1474-1741
- OpenAlex
- W3162374648
- Cited by
- 1,104
- References
- 38
- FWCI
- 21.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
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