Interleukin-1 in the pathogenesis and treatment of inflammatory diseases
Open accessAbstract
More than any other cytokine family, the IL-1 family of ligands and receptors is primarily associated with acute and chronic inflammation. The cytosolic segment of each IL-1 receptor family member contains the Toll-IL-1-receptor domain. This domain is also present in each Toll-like receptor, the receptors that respond to microbial products and viruses. Since Toll-IL-1-receptor domains are functional for both receptor families, responses to the IL-1 family are fundamental to innate immunity. Of the 11 members of the IL-1 family, IL-1β has emerged as a therapeutic target for an expanding number of systemic and local inflammatory conditions called autoinflammatory diseases. For these, neutralization of IL-1β results in a rapid and sustained reduction in disease severity. Treatment for autoimmune diseases often includes immunosuppressive drugs whereas neutralization of IL-1β is mostly anti-inflammatory. Although some autoinflammatory diseases are due to gain-of-function mutations for caspase-1 activity, common diseases such as gout, type 2 diabetes, heart failure, recurrent pericarditis, rheumatoid arthritis, and smoldering myeloma also are responsive to IL-1β neutralization. This review summarizes acute and chronic inflammatory diseases that are treated by reducing IL-1β activity and proposes that disease severity is affected by the anti-inflammatory members of the IL-1 family of ligands and receptors.
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Mitochondria are involved both in recognition of pathogens and in many mechanisms of inflammatory response, inducing recruitment of proinflammatory cytokines.
“mitochondria are involved both in the recognition of pathogens and in many mechanisms of inflammatory response, inducing the subsequent recruitment of several proinflammatory cytokines [52].”
From Effects of Mangiferin on LPS-Induced Inflammation and SARS-CoV-2 Viral Adsorption in Human Lung Cells (2022) · cites this paper as [52]
The Introduction (page unavailable) says mitochondrial reactive oxygen species may contribute to caspase-1 activation, a pathway involved in IL-1β secretion. It does not say mitochondria recognize pathogens or induce the recruitment of several proinflammatory cytokines; its account of pathogen-product recognition concerns TLRs instead. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIL-1 signaling is closely linked to chronic inflammatory diseases and plays a critical role in the activation of inflammatory myelopoiesis.
“IL-1β is produced in response to a wide range of physiological insults, and IL-1 signaling is closely linked to a wide variety of chronic inflammatory diseases, where it plays a critical role in the activation of inflammatory myelopoiesis (Ueda et al., 2009; Dinarello, 2011; Mirantes et al., 2014; Pietras, 2017).”
From PU.1 is required to restrain myelopoiesis during chronic inflammatory stress (2023) · cites this paper as Dinarello, 2011
The Abstract links the IL-1 family to acute and chronic inflammation and lists several inflammatory diseases responsive to IL-1β blockade. The passages on bone marrow and myeloid cells do not establish that IL-1 signaling plays a critical role in activating inflammatory myelopoiesis, so that part of the attributed claim is unsupported. (LLM, conf=0.87)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
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Cites
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“Given the widespread involvement of IL-1 in multiple inflammatory pathologies (Dinarello, 2011), we propose that metformin should be evaluated for therapeutic efficacy in suchdiseases.”
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“Chronic hypoxia and low-grade cell death signals stimulate IL-1 production [47].”
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Triacylglycerol synthesis enhances macrophage inflammatory function
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“Thus, a reduction in IL-1b activity would reduce IL-6 production.(42) Following initial escape of the innate response, recognition of virus promotes the migration of pulmonary dendritic cells to the lymph nodes for presentation of antigen to passing T cells for the development of more robust antigen-specific T- and B-…”
Deep insight into cytokine storm: from pathogenesis to treatment
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“However, one of the major pro-inflammatory cytokine, IL-1b (as well as its related IL-1-superfamily member IL-18) which regulates a wide array of immune and physiological responses (70), requires an additional step of maturation/ processing by caspase-1 (71).”
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Platelet-rich fibrin: Basics of biological actions and protocol modifications
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“5,6,8 IL-1 is located upstream of IL-6 in the inflammation cascade, 39 and such a hierarchical process could explain why targeting IL-1 appears to be more efficient in hyperinflammatory forms of COVID-19 than IL-6 inhibition, which has already provided encouraging results in randomised controlled…”
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Crosstalk between inflammatory mediators and endoplasmic reticulum stress in liver diseases.
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- Authors
- Dinarello, C. A.
- Affiliations
- Radboud University Nijmegen (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Dinarello, Charles A.
- Venue
- Blood
- Publisher
- American Society of Hematology
- Published
- 2011-04-07
- Volume
- 117
- Issue
- 14
- Pages
- 3720-3732
- ISSN
- 0006-4971 (ISSN-L)
- 1528-0020
- PMC
- PMC3083294
- OpenAlex
- W2150107812
- Cited by
- 2,248
- References
- 118
- Citations by year
- 2026: 138 · 2025: 173 · 2024: 151 · 2023: 150 · 2022: 161 · 2021: 160 · 2020: 159 · 2019: 164 · 2018: 151 · 2017: 145 · 2016: 123 · 2015: 154 · 2014: 139 · 2013: 124 · 2012: 110
- FWCI
- 12.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Blood (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Cancer Institute (CA 046934, P30CA046934)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (AI‑15614, R56AI015614, R01AI015614)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Inflammasome and immune disorders
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cytokine Signaling Pathways and Interactions
- Keywords
- interleukin-1, IL-1 receptor family, innate immunity, autoinflammatory disease, autoimmune disease, caspase-1, gout, type 2 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, recurrent pericarditis, smoldering multiple myeloma, heart failure, anti-inflammatory therapy
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Autoimmune Diseases, Disease, Multigene Family, Humans, Inflammation, Interleukin-1, Models, Biological, Receptors, Interleukin-1, Toll-Like Receptors, Molecular Targeted Therapy
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