The DOI matches its Crossref record; 290 of the 290 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Crosstalk between the renin–angiotensin, complement and kallikrein–kinin systems in inflammation
Open accessAbstract
During severe inflammatory and infectious diseases, various mediators modulate the equilibrium of vascular tone, inflammation, coagulation and thrombosis. This Review describes the interactive roles of the renin-angiotensin system, the complement system, and the closely linked kallikrein-kinin and contact systems in cell biological functions such as vascular tone and leakage, inflammation, chemotaxis, thrombosis and cell proliferation. Specific attention is given to the role of these systems in systemic inflammation in the vasculature and tissues during hereditary angioedema, cardiovascular and renal glomerular disease, vasculitides and COVID-19. Moreover, we discuss the therapeutic implications of these complex interactions, given that modulation of one system may affect the other systems, with beneficial or deleterious consequences.
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“The activation of plasma and tissue kallikreins by factor X II, also known as an important initiator of blood coagulation and aminopeptidases, respectively, results in the synthesis of bradykinins [107].”
From Approaches to Improve EPR-Based Drug Delivery for Cancer Therapy and Diagnosis (2023) · cites this paper as [107]
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“At the same time, during severe inflammatory physiology and diseases, the RAS is an important part of inflammatory response regulation [62, 63].”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Bekassy, Z., Lopatko Fagerström, I., Bader, M., & Karpman, D.
- Affiliations
- Lund University (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Karpman, Diana
- Venue
- Nature reviews. Immunology
- Published
- 2021-11-10
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 411-428
- ISSN
- 1474-1733 (ISSN-L)
- 1474-1741
- PMC
- PMC8579187
- OpenAlex
- W3211940634
- Cited by
- 167
- References
- 290
- Citations by year
- 2026: 25 · 2025: 34 · 2024: 46 · 2023: 42 · 2022: 20
- FWCI
- 3.85
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Nature reviews. Immunology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- MDC Repository (Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine) (submittedVersion)
- Lund University Publications (Lund University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB1365)
- Crafoordska Stiftelsen
- Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse (Wallenberg Clinical Scholar 2015.0320, 2015.0320)
- Vetenskapsrådet (2017-01920)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Coagulation, Bradykinin, Polyphosphates, and Angioedema
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Renin-Angiotensin System Studies
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Complement system in diseases
- Keywords
- renin-angiotensin system, complement system, kallikrein-kinin system, contact system, inflammation, hereditary angioedema, vasculitis, glomerular disease, COVID-19 pandemic, vascular tone, vascular leakage, thrombosis, chemotaxis, cell proliferation, cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, therapeutic target
- MeSH terms
- COVID-19, Complement System Proteins, Humans, Inflammation, Renin-Angiotensin System, Thrombosis, Kallikrein-Kinin System
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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