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Trypstatin as a Novel TMPRSS2 Inhibitor with Broad‐Spectrum Efficacy against Corona and Influenza Viruses
Open accessPublished version of a preprint
Abstract
Respiratory viruses, such as SARS‐CoV‐2 and influenza, exploit host proteases like TMPRSS2 for entry, making TMPRSS2 a prime antiviral target. Here, the identification and characterization of Trypstatin, a 61‐amino acid Kunitz‐type protease inhibitor derived from human hemofiltrate are reported. Trypstatin inhibits TMPRSS2 and related proteases with high potency, exhibiting half‐maximal inhibitory concentration values in the nanomolar range, comparable to the small molecule inhibitor camostat mesylate. In vitro assays demonstrate that Trypstatin effectively blocks spike‐driven entry of SARS‐CoV‐2, SARS‐CoV‐1, MERS‐CoV, and hCoV‐NL63, as well as hemagglutinin‐mediated entry of influenza A and B viruses. In primary human airway epithelial cultures, Trypstatin significantly reduces SARS‐CoV‐2 replication and retained activity in the presence of airway mucus. In vivo, intranasal administration of Trypstatin to SARS‐CoV‐2‐infected Syrian hamsters reduces viral titers and alleviates clinical symptoms. These findings highlight Trypstatin's potential as a broad‐spectrum antiviral agent against TMPRSS2‐dependent respiratory viruses.
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Metadata
- Authors
- Lawrenz, J., Wettstein, L., Rodríguez Alfonso, A., Nchioua, R., von Maltitz, P., Albers, D. P. J., Zech, F., Vandeput, J., Naesens, L., Fois, G., Neubauer, V., Preising, N., Schmierer, E., Almeida‐Hernandez, Y., Petersen, M., Ständker, L., Wiese, S., Braubach, P., Frick, M., Barth, E., Sauter, D., Kirchhoff, F., Sanchez‐Garcia, E., Stevaert, A., & Münch, J.
- Affiliations
- Universität Ulm (DE)
- Core Facility Functional Peptidomics Ulm University Medical Center 89081 Ulm Germany
- Rega Institute for Medical Research (BE)
- Chair of Computational Bioengineering Faculty of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering Technical University of Dortmund 44227 Dortmund Germany
- Universitätsklinikum Tübingen (DE)
- Medizinische Hochschule Hannover (DE)
- University Hospital Ulm (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Münch, Jan
- ORCID
- Lawrenz, Jan
- Wettstein, Lukas
- Rodríguez Alfonso, Armando
- Nchioua, Rayhane
- von Maltitz, Pascal
- Albers, Dan Pascal Jean
- Zech, Fabian
- Vandeput, Julie
- Naesens, Lieve
- Fois, Giorgio
- Neubauer, Veronika
- Almeida‐Hernandez, Yasser
- Ständker, Ludger
- Wiese, Sebastian
- Braubach, Peter
- Frick, Manfred
- Barth, Eberhard
- Sauter, Daniel
- Kirchhoff, Frank
- Stevaert, Annelies
- Münch, Jan
- Venue
- Advanced Science
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2025-05-14
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 25
- Pages
- e2506430-e2506430
- ISSN
- 2198-3844 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC12224939
- OpenAlex
- W4410373649
- Cited by
- 8
- References
- 63
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 4
- FWCI
- 6.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Advanced Science (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Lirias (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Universitätsbibliographie, Universität Duisburg-Essen (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Baden-Württemberg Stiftung (AVIT)
- Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (01KI20135)
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (CRC1430)
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (TI 07.003)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Protease and Inhibitor Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Keywords
- Kunitz-type inhibitor, SARS-CoV-2, influenza A virus, influenza B, SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV, HCoV-NL63, viral entry, spike protein, hemagglutinin, camostat mesylate, antiviral agents, airway epithelial cells, mucus, intranasal administration, Syrian hamster model, respiratory viruses
- MeSH terms
- COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 Drug Treatment, Animals, Antiviral Agents, Cricetinae, Humans, Mesocricetus, Influenza A virus, Serine Endopeptidases, Virus Replication, Virus Internalization
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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