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Microbiota-mediated colonization resistance: mechanisms and regulation
Open accessAbstract
A dense and diverse microbial community inhabits the gut and many epithelial surfaces. Referred to as the microbiota, it co-evolved with the host and is beneficial for many host physiological processes. A major function of these symbiotic microorganisms is protection against pathogen colonization and overgrowth of indigenous pathobionts. Dysbiosis of the normal microbial community increases the risk of pathogen infection and overgrowth of harmful pathobionts. The protective mechanisms conferred by the microbiota are complex and include competitive microbial-microbial interactions and induction of host immune responses. Pathogens, in turn, have evolved multiple strategies to subvert colonization resistance conferred by the microbiota. Understanding the mechanisms by which microbial symbionts limit pathogen colonization should guide the development of new therapeutic approaches to prevent or treat disease.
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“The gut microbiota protects against intestinal colonization by pathogens via colonization resistance through both direct and indirect mechanisms.”
From Role of the gut microbiota in nutrient competition and protection against intestinal pathogen colonization (2023) · cites this paper as [34]
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“Examples of direct mechanisms of colonization resistance include nutrient competition between gut commensals and pathogens, production of inhibitory metabolites by gut commensals, production of bacteriocins by gut commensals, and the presence of bacteriophages [33, 34].”
From Role of the gut microbiota in nutrient competition and protection against intestinal pathogen colonization (2023) · cites this paper as [34]
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“Indirect mechanisms of colonization resistance include interactions between the gut microbiota and the host immune response, changes in the gut microbiota that influence oxygen availability, modulation of the mucus layer by the gut microbiota, and promotion of cytokine release by the gut microbiota [34].”
From Role of the gut microbiota in nutrient competition and protection against intestinal pathogen colonization (2023) · cites this paper as [34]
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Citations
Cites
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Metadata
- Authors
- Caballero-Flores, G., Pickard, J. M., & Núñez, G.
- Affiliations
- University of Michigan (US)
- Corresponding author
- Caballero-Flores, Gustavo
- Núñez, Gabriel
- Venue
- Nature Reviews Microbiology
- Published
- 2022-12-20
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 347-360
- ISSN
- 1740-1526 (ISSN-L)
- 1740-1534
- PMC
- PMC10249723
- OpenAlex
- W4312065785
- Cited by
- 474
- References
- 196
- Citations by year
- 2026: 160 · 2025: 182 · 2024: 100 · 2023: 32
- FWCI
- 8.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- Locations
- Nature Reviews Microbiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (K99-R00)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (K99AI159620, R00AI159620)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK095782)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
- Keywords
- gut microbiota, colonization resistance, pathogen colonization, dysbiosis, pathobionts, microbial competition, host immune response, host-microbe interactions, microbiota-based therapy
- MeSH terms
- Immunity, Microbiota
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