The DOI matches its Crossref record; 47 of the 48 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Respiratory virus shedding in exhaled breath and efficacy of face masks
Open accessPublished version of a preprint
Abstract
We identified seasonal human coronaviruses, influenza viruses and rhinoviruses in exhaled breath and coughs of children and adults with acute respiratory illness. Surgical face masks significantly reduced detection of influenza virus RNA in respiratory droplets and coronavirus RNA in aerosols, with a trend toward reduced detection of coronavirus RNA in respiratory droplets. Our results indicate that surgical face masks could prevent transmission of human coronaviruses and influenza viruses from symptomatic individuals.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“Materials used in disposable procedure/surgical masks afford better filtration than homemade masks but typically are substantially less efficient than N95 FFR materials [45, 56, 68].”
From The protective performance of reusable cloth face masks, disposable procedure masks, KN95 masks and N95 respirators: Filtration and total inward leakage (2021) · cites this paper as [56]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China, of novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia
Li, Q., Guan, X., Wu, P., Wang, X., Zhou, L., Tong, Y., Ren, R., Leung, K. S. M., Lau, E. H. Y., Wong, J. Y., et al. (2020) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa2001316 · Cited by 16,575
Self-citationJames, S. L., Abate, D., Abate, K. H., Abay, S. M., Abbafati, C., Abbasi, N., Abbastabar, H., Abd-Allah, F., Abdela, J., Abdelalim, A., et al. (2018) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(18)32279-7 · Cited by 13,867
Lu, R., Zhao, X., Li, J., Niu, P., Yang, B., Wu, H., Wang, W., Song, H., Huang, B., Zhu, N., et al. (2020) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30251-8 · Cited by 11,907
Roth, G. A., Abate, D., Abate, K. H., Abay, S. M., Abbafati, C., Abbasi, N., Abbastabar, H., Abd-Allah, F., Abdela, J., Abdelalim, A., et al. (2018) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(18)32203-7 · Cited by 8,600
Estimates of global seasonal influenza-associated respiratory mortality: a modelling study
Iuliano, A. D., Roguski, K. M., Chang, H. H., Muscatello, D. J., Palekar, R. S., Tempia, S., Cohen, C., Gran, J. M., Schanzer, D. L., Cowling, B. J., et al. (2017) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(17)33293-2 · Cited by 3,034
Self-citationRapid spread of the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant in some French regions, June 2021
Alizon, S., Haïm‐Boukobza, S., Foulongne, V., Verdurme, L., Trombert‐Paolantoni, S., Lecorché, E., Roquebert, B., & Sofonea, M. T. (2021) · Eurosurveillance · doi:10.2807/1560-7917.es.2021.26.28.2100573 · Cited by 870
The Economic Burden of Non–Influenza-Related Viral Respiratory Tract Infection in the United States
Fendrick, A. M., Monto, A. S., Nightengale, B. S., & Sarnes, M. W. (2003) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.163.4.487 · Cited by 865
Jacobs, S. E., Lamson, D. M., George, K. S., & Walsh, T. J. (2013) · Clinical Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1128/cmr.00077-12 · Cited by 760
Recognition of aerosol transmission of infectious agents: a commentary
Tellier, R., Li, Y., Cowling, B. J., & Tang, J. W.-T. (2019) · BMC Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1186/s12879-019-3707-y · Cited by 745
Self-citationMilton, D. K., Fabian, M. P., Cowling, B. J., Grantham, M. L., & McDevitt, J. J. (2013) · PLoS Pathogens · doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003205 · Cited by 669
Self-citation
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 901–1,000 of 1,000
Transmission via aerosols: Plausible differences among emerging coronaviruses
Jiang, J., Fu, Y. V., Liu, L., & Kulmala, M. (2020) · Aerosol Science and Technology · doi:10.1080/02786826.2020.1769020 · Cited by 15
Palacios, J., Fan, Y., Yoeli, E., Wang, J., Chai, Y., Sun, W., Rand, D. G., & Zheng, S. (2022) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2100719119 · Cited by 17
Reopening Economies during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Reasoning about Value Tradeoffs
Li, H.-L., Jecker, N. S., & Chung, R. Y. (2020) · The American Journal of Bioethics · doi:10.1080/15265161.2020.1779406 · Cited by 15
Liu, J., Wang, W., Cao, K., Ren, Z., Fu, X., Chen, Y., Wang, W., Zheng, Y., Bao, Y., Luo, X., et al. (2025) · Virology Journal · doi:10.1186/s12985-025-02901-9 · Cited by 14
Sud, S. R. (2020) · Hospital Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/hpeds.2020-0135 · Cited by 14
Kollepara, P. K., Siegenfeld, A. F., Taleb, N. N., & Bar-Yam, Y. (2021) · Journal of Travel Medicine · doi:10.1093/jtm/taab144 · Cited by 17
School opening during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: Public acceptance of wearing fabric masks in class
Betsch, C., Korn, L., Felgendreff, L., Eitze, S., & Thaiss, H. M. (2021) · Public Health in Practice · doi:10.1016/j.puhip.2021.100115 · Cited by 14
Woolen Respirators for Thermal Management
Iqbal, M. I., Shi, S., Jiang, Y., Fei, B., Xia, Q., Wang, X., Hu, W., & Hu, J. (2021) · Advanced Materials Technologies · doi:10.1002/admt.202100201 · Cited by 14
Sarker, M. T., Hasan, A., Rafi, M. O., Hossain, M. J., El-Mageed, H. R. A., Elsapagh, R. M., Capasso, R., & Emran, T. B. (2021) · Biologics · doi:10.3390/biologics1030021 · Cited by 14
Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 positivity in infants with bronchiolitis: a multicentre international study
Cozzi, G., Wiel, L. C., Amaddeo, A., Gatto, A., Giangreco, M., Klein‐Kremer, A., Bosis, S., Silvagni, D., Debbia, C., Nanni, L., et al. (2022) · Archives of Disease in Childhood · doi:10.1136/archdischild-2021-323559 · Cited by 14
Kumar, S., Yadav, D., Gupta, H., Kumar, M., & Verma, O. P. (2022) · Multimedia Tools and Applications · doi:10.1007/s11042-021-11560-1 · Cited by 14
A comprehensive review on facemask manufacturing, testing, and its environmental impacts
Khan, J. A., Netnapa, E., Mariatti, M., Vilay, V., & Todo, M. (2022) · Journal of Industrial Textiles · doi:10.1177/15280837221111175 · Cited by 14
The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on influenza surveillance: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Sabeena, S., Ravishankar, N., & Robin, S. (2022) · Indian Journal of Public Health · doi:10.4103/ijph.ijph_926_22 · Cited by 14
Kitagawa, D., Kitano, T., Furumori, M., Suzuki, S., Shintani, Y., Suzuki, Y., Nakano, A., Nakano, R., Nishiyama, A., Yoshida, S., et al. (2022) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14424 · Cited by 14
Balasubaramanian, S., Cyriac, R., Roshan, S., Paramasivam, K. M., & Jose, B. C. (2023) · Array · doi:10.1016/j.array.2023.100294 · Cited by 14
Habbous, S., Hota, S. S., Allen, V. G., Henry, M., & Hellsten, E. (2023) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0287395 · Cited by 14
Dynamics and Viability of Airborne Respiratory Syncytial Virus under Various Indoor Air Conditions
Niazi, S., Groth, R., Morawska, L., Spann, K. M., & Ristovski, Z. (2023) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.3c03455 · Cited by 14
Banholzer, N., Bittel, P., Jent, P., Furrer, L., Zürcher, K., Egger, M., Hascher, T., & Fenner, L. (2024) · Clinical Microbiology and Infection · doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2024.03.002 · Cited by 14
Li, W., Gu, W., Li, J., Xin, Y., Liu, H., Su, S., & Wang, W. (2024) · Chaos Solitons & Fractals · doi:10.1016/j.chaos.2024.115577 · Cited by 14
Sawano, M., Takeshita, K., Ohno, H., & Oka, H. (2020) · Journal of Breath Research · doi:10.1088/1752-7163/abb99b · Cited by 14
Landry, S. A., Barr, J. J., MacDonald, M., Subedi, D., Mansfield, D. R., Hamilton, G. S., Edwards, B. A., & Joosten, S. A. (2020) · European Respiratory Journal · doi:10.1183/13993003.03666-2020 · Cited by 14
Shishkin, A., Goel, G., Baroniņš, J., Ozoliņš, J., Hoskins, C., & Goel, S. (2021) · Environmental Technology & Innovation · doi:10.1016/j.eti.2021.101429 · Cited by 14
Faucher, S. J., Lundberg, D. J., Liang, X. A., Jin, X., Phillips, R., Parviz, D., Buongiorno, J., & Strano, M. S. (2021) · AIChE Journal · doi:10.1002/aic.17250 · Cited by 13
Impact of Personal Protection Habits on the Spread of Pandemics: Insights from an Agent-Based Model
Pomar, L. Á., & Rojas–Galeano, S. (2021) · The Scientific World JOURNAL · doi:10.1155/2021/6616654 · Cited by 16
Costantino, V., & MacIntyre, C. R. (2021) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2021.625499 · Cited by 14
Umutlu, G., Acar, N. E., Ulutaş, D. S. S., Taşman, G. A., Güven, E., & Yıldırım, İ. (2022) · The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness · doi:10.23736/s0022-4707.21.12313-8 · Cited by 14
Face Mask Detection Using Deep Learning During COVID-19
Taneja, S., Nayyar, A., Vividha, & Nagrath, P. (2021) · Lecture notes in networks and systems · doi:10.1007/978-981-16-0733-2_3 · Cited by 14
Smolinska, A., Jessop, D. S., Pappan, K. L., de Saedeleer, A., Kang, A., Martin, A. L., Allsworth, M., Tyson, C., Bos, M. P., Clancy, M., et al. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-92665-3 · Cited by 13
Manh, T. H., Duong, D. A., Anh, N. N., Đức, N. T., Minh, N. B., Huong, M. T., & Hieu, N. M. (2021) · The Transport and Communications Science Journal · doi:10.47869/tcsj.72.4.8 · Cited by 15
Chiu, Y., Tien, N., Lin, H., Wei, H., Lai, H., Chen, J.-A., Low, Y.-Y., Lin, H.-H., Hsu, Y., & Hwang, K. (2021) · Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection · doi:10.1016/j.jmii.2021.09.011 · Cited by 14
Arora, S., & Majumdar, A. (2022) · Journal of Industrial Textiles · doi:10.1177/15280837211069869 · Cited by 15
Face masking and COVID-19: potential effects of variolation on transmission dynamics
Levine, Z., & Earn, D. J. D. (2022) · Journal of The Royal Society Interface · doi:10.1098/rsif.2021.0781 · Cited by 14
Liu, J., Zhou, Y., Zhu, B., Zhang, X., Zhang, H., Jin, X., & Zhang, K. (2023) · Separation and Purification Technology · doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2023.124943 · Cited by 14
Uncovering psychobehavioural implications of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in Iran
Wong, L. P., Alias, H., Danaee, M., Ziaee, M., Abedi, F., Ziaee, A., Mohajer, S., Hajialibeigloo, R., Namazinia, M., Jamei, F., et al. (2020) · Transboundary and Emerging Diseases · doi:10.1111/tbed.13662 · Cited by 13
Safety and Reverence: How Roman Catholic Liturgy Can Respond to the COVID-19 Pandemic
Budaev, S. V. (2020) · Journal of Religion and Health · doi:10.1007/s10943-021-01282-x · Cited by 17
Buchwald, A. G., Bayham, J., adams, J., Bortz, D. M., Colborn, K. L., Zarella, O., Buran, M. N., Samet, J. M., Ghosh, D., Herlihy, R., et al. (2021) · Emerging infectious diseases · doi:10.3201/eid2709.204167 · Cited by 11
Müller, W. E. G., Schröder, H. C., Neufurth, M., & Wang, X. (2021) · Materials Today · doi:10.1016/j.mattod.2021.07.029 · Cited by 15
Mask or Non-Mask? Robust Face Mask Detector via Triplet-Consistency Representation Learning
Yang, C., Phung, T. H., Shuai, H.-H., & Cheng, W.-H. (2022) · ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing Communications and Applications · doi:10.1145/3472623 · Cited by 15
Drouillard, K. G., Tomkins, A. A., Lackie, S., Laengert, S. E., Baker, A., Clase, C. M., Lannoy, C. F. D., Cavallo‐Medved, D., Porter, L. A., & Rudman, R. S. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0264090 · Cited by 15
The Practice of Wearing Surgical Masks during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Chiang, C., Chiang, C.-H., Chiang, C.-H., & Chen, Y. (2020) · Emerging infectious diseases · doi:10.3201/eid2608.201498 · Cited by 14
COVID-19: The Pseudo-Environment and the Need for a Paradigm Change
Stein, R. A., Ometa, O., & Broker, T. R. (2021) · GERMS · doi:10.18683/germs.2021.1283 · Cited by 16
Face Masks, Public Policies and Slowing the Spread of COVID-19: Evidence from CanadaPreprint
Karaivanov, A. K., Lu, S. E., Shigeoka, H., Chen, C., & Pamplona, S. (2020) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-129518/v1 · Cited by 15
Banholzer, N., Munday, J. D., Jent, P., Bittel, P., Dall’Amico, L., Furrer, L., Bürki, C., Stadler, T., Egger, M., Hascher, T., et al. (2025) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-025-66719-3 · Cited by 15
Khurana, A., Kaushal, G., Gupta, R., Verma, V., Sharma, K., & Kohli, P. (2021) · American Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.3844/ajidsp.2021.107.119 · Cited by 14
The Effect of Masks and Respirators on Acoustic Voice Analysis During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Gojayev, E. K., Büyükatalay, Z. Ç., Akyüz, T., Rehan, M., & Dursun, G. (2021) · Journal of Voice · doi:10.1016/j.jvoice.2021.11.014 · Cited by 13
Ng, H. L., Trefz, J., Schönfelder, M., & Wackerhage, H. (2022) · BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1186/s13102-022-00410-8 · Cited by 15
Barriers to and Facilitators of COVID-19 Prevention Behaviors Among North Carolina Residents
Hill, L. M., Davis, H., Drewry, M., Shelus, V., Bartels, S. M., Combs, K. G., Ribisl, K. M., & Lazard, A. J. (2022) · Health Education & Behavior · doi:10.1177/10901981221076408 · Cited by 13
Bisimwa, P. N., Ayagirwe, R., Baharanyi, T. C., Kashosi, T. M., Cikwanine, J. P. B., Bisimwa, P. B., Kusinza, A. B., Mugumaarhahama, Y., Wasso, D. S., Simon, P. B., et al. (2022) · Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology · doi:10.1155/2022/1553266 · Cited by 13
Novel modelling approaches to predict the role of antivirals in reducing influenza transmission
Asher, J., Lemenuel‐Diot, A., Clay, M., Durham, D. P., Mier-y-Terán-Romero, L., Arguello, C. J., Jolivet, S., Wong, D. Y., Kuhlbusch, K., Clinch, B., et al. (2023) · PLoS Computational Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010797 · Cited by 13
Effect of Different Symmetries of Electrospun Poly(lactic acid) Nanofibers on Facemask Filtration
Kashif, M., Guo, H., Ge, J., Lv, X., Rasul, S., & Liu, Y. (2023) · ACS Applied Polymer Materials · doi:10.1021/acsapm.3c00696 · Cited by 13
Chow, V. T. K., Tay, D. J. W., Chen, M. I.-C., Tang, J. W.-T., Milton, D. K., & Tham, K. W. (2023) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v15102033 · Cited by 13
Self-citationAn assessment of the airborne longevity of group A Streptococcus
Oswin, H. P., Blake, E., Haddrell, A. E., Finn, A. H. R., Sriskandan, S., Reid, J. P., Halliday, A., & Goenka, A. (2024) · Microbiology · doi:10.1099/mic.0.001421 · Cited by 13
Wu, E., & Qi, D. (2020) · Genes & Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.gendis.2020.04.011 · Cited by 13
Shi, J., Zou, Y., Wang, J., Zeng, X., Chu, G., Sun, B., Wang, D., & Chen, J. (2021) · Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research · doi:10.1021/acs.iecr.0c06232 · Cited by 13
Brandt, M. P., Jäger, W., Epple, S., Haferkamp, A., & Schröder, A. (2021) · American Journal of Infection Control · doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2021.02.011 · Cited by 13
A Multi-Disciplinary Review on the Aerobiology of COVID-19 in Dental Settings
Dabiri, D., Conti, S. R., Pour, N. S., Chong, A., Dadjoo, S., Dabiri, D., Wiese, C., Badal, J., Hoogland, M., Conti, H. R., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Dental Medicine · doi:10.3389/fdmed.2021.726395 · Cited by 13
de Araújo, C. M., Filho, O. G., Gonçalves, F. M., Basso, I. B., Schröder, Â. G. D., Cavalcante-Leão, B. L., Ravazzi, G. C., Zeigelboim, B. S., Stechman‐Neto, J., & Santos, R. S. (2021) · International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health · doi:10.1007/s00420-021-01775-y · Cited by 13
Talavera-García, R., & Pérez-Campaña, R. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph182111037 · Cited by 13
Chen, W., Kwak, D.-B., Anderson, J. E., Kanna, K., Pei, C., Cao, Q., Ou, Q., Kim, S. C., Kuehn, T. H., & Pui, D. Y. H. (2021) · Aerosol and Air Quality Research · doi:10.4209/aaqr.210232 · Cited by 13
SARS-CoV-2 and Public Transport in Italy
Caggiano, G., Apollonio, F., Triggiano, F., Diella, G., Stefanizzi, P., Lopuzzo, M., D’Ambrosio, M., Bartolomeo, N., Barbuti, G., Sorrenti, G. T., et al. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph182111415 · Cited by 12
Islam, M. T., Jain, S., Chen, Y., Chowdhury, B. D. B., & Son, Y. (2021) · IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering · doi:10.1109/tase.2021.3118008 · Cited by 13
Dutta, H., Kaushik, G., & Dutta, V. (2021) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-021-17419-0 · Cited by 13
Quraishi, N., Ray, M., Srivastava, R., Ray, J., & Quraishi, M. S. (2021) · European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology · doi:10.1007/s00405-021-07180-y · Cited by 13
Spatiotemporal droplet dispersion measurements demonstrate face masks reduce risks from singing
Ho, K. M. A., Davies, H., Epstein, R., Bassett, P., Hogan, Á., Kabir, Y., Rubin, J. S., Shin, G. Y., Reid, J. P., Torii, R., et al. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-03519-x · Cited by 13
Peña-Monferrer, C., Antao, S., & Sawko, R. (2021) · Physics of Fluids · doi:10.1063/5.0070625 · Cited by 14
Nagakubo, Y., Hirotsu, Y., Maejima, M., Shibusawa, M., Hosaka, K., Amemiya, K., Sueki, H., Hayakawa, M., Mochizuki, H., Tsutsui, T., et al. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0262874 · Cited by 14
Sberna, G., Lalle, E., Valli, M. B., Bordi, L., Garbuglia, A. R., & Amendola, A. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19105962 · Cited by 13
Wong, S., Chan, V. W.-M., AuYeung, C. H.-Y., Chen, J. H.-K., Yip, C. C., So, S. Y.-C., Li, X., Lung, D. C., Tsang, A. M.-C., To, K. K., et al. (2022) · Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology · doi:10.1017/ice.2022.186 · Cited by 13
Arumugam, G. S., Damodharan, K., Doble, M., & Thennarasu, S. (2022) · Molecular Biomedicine · doi:10.1186/s43556-022-00078-z · Cited by 14
Yang, Y., Wang, H., Wang, C., Chen, Y., Dang, B., Liu, M., Zhang, X., Li, Y., & Sun, Q. (2023) · ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces · doi:10.1021/acsami.3c01385 · Cited by 13
Self-citationMask device as a new wearable sampler for breath analysis: what can we expect in the future?
Liu, X., & Hu, B. (2023) · Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry · doi:10.1007/s00216-023-04673-z · Cited by 13
COVID-19: In the Absence of Vaccination – ‘Mask the Nation’
Sleator, R. D., Darby, S. B., Giltinan, A., & Smith, N. J. (2020) · Future Microbiology · doi:10.2217/fmb-2020-0112 · Cited by 14
Wojtasz, I., Cofta, S., Czudaj, P., Jaracz, K., & Kaźmierski, R. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19031397 · Cited by 14
Wang, W., Min, Y., Yang, C.-M., Hong, H., Xue, T., Gao, Y., Jin, T., Lu, Z., Zhang, L., Zheng, X., et al. (2020) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3582759 · Cited by 13
On the utility of cloth facemasks for controlling ejecta during respiratory eventsPreprint
Kumar, V., Nallamothu, S. K., Shrivastava, S., Jadeja, H., Nakod, P. M., Andrade, P., Doshi, P., & Kumaraswamy, G. (2020) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2005.03444 · Cited by 16
Hammoudi, K., Cabani, A., Benhabiles, H., & Melkemi, M. (2020) · doi:10.36227/techrxiv.12355970 · Cited by 13
A Modified Surgical Face Mask to Improve Protection and Wearing Comfort
Zhang, T., Zhang, T., & Liu, S. (2022) · Buildings · doi:10.3390/buildings12050663 · Cited by 12
Flexible biochemical sensors for point-of-care management of diseases: a review
He, F., Li, K., Lv, X., Zeng, Q., Zhu, Y., Li, X., & Deng, Y. (2022) · Microchimica Acta · doi:10.1007/s00604-022-05469-1 · Cited by 13
Changes in Respiratory Pathogens before and after the COVID‐19 Pandemic (2018–2021)
Kim, K. Y., Kim, J. S., Lee, Y. K., Kim, G. Y., & Jung, B. K. (2022) · BioMed Research International · doi:10.1155/2022/1324052 · Cited by 12
An update on SARS-CoV-2 immunization and future directions
Rana, R., Kant, R., Kumra, T., Gupta, S. V., Rana, D. S., & Ganguly, N. K. (2023) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2023.1125305 · Cited by 13
Increasing rhinovirus prevalence in paediatric intensive care patients since the SARS-CoV2 pandemic
Gil, E., Roy, S., Best, T., Hatcher, J., & Breuer, J. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Virology · doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2023.105555 · Cited by 12
Large Particle Emissions from Human Vocalization and Playing of Wind Instruments
Tanner, K., Good, K. M., Goble, D., Good, N., Keisling, A., Keller, K. P., L’Orange, C., Morton, E., Phillips, R., & Volckens, J. (2023) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.3c03588 · Cited by 12
The aerobiological pathway of natural respiratory viral aerosols
Santarpia, J. L., Reid, J. P., Wu, C., Lednicky, J. A., & Oswin, H. P. (2024) · TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.trac.2024.117557 · Cited by 14
Klee, B., Diexer, S., Horn, J., Langer, S., Wende, M., Ortiz, D., Bielecka, A., Strowig, T., Mikolajczyk, R., & Gottschick, C. (2024) · BMC Pediatrics · doi:10.1186/s12887-024-04686-2 · Cited by 12
Shree, V., Kaur, H., Mehra, K. S., Goel, V., & Goel, H. (2024) · Air Quality Atmosphere & Health · doi:10.1007/s11869-024-01585-4 · Cited by 12
Lu, J., Chen, X., Ding, X., Jia, Z., Zhang, M., Yu, X., Tang, K., Liu, F., Li, H., & Li, G. (2025) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2025.161366 · Cited by 13
Leveraging federated learning and edge computing for pandemic-resilient healthcare
Choudhury, A., Sarma, K. K., Gulvanskii, V. V., Kaplun, D., & Dutta, L. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-00199-9 · Cited by 15
Spitzer, M. (2020) · Nervenheilkunde · doi:10.1055/a-1094-9461 · Cited by 12
Huang, Q. M., Liu, G., Wang, J., Duan, T., Feng, Y., Lin, X., Zhu, Y., Wang, H., Cui, Y., He, S., et al. (2020) · Digestive Endoscopy · doi:10.1111/den.13755 · Cited by 12
Impact of Population Mask Wearing on COVID-19 Post Lockdown
Javid, B., & Balaban, N. Q. (2020) · Infectious Microbes & Diseases · doi:10.1097/im9.0000000000000029 · Cited by 12
Universal Masking during COVID-19 Pandemic – Current Evidence and Controversies
Quintana-Díaz, M. A., & Aguilar-Salinas, C. A. (2020) · Revista de investigaci�n Cl�nica · doi:10.24875/ric.20000196 · Cited by 12
Seo, M. R., Kim, J., Park, E.-J., Jung, S. M., Sung, Y., Kim, H., Kim, G., Kim, H., Lee, M. S., Lee, J., et al. (2020) · The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.3904/kjim.2020.417 · Cited by 12
Weng, C.-L., & Kau, L. (2021) · Journal of Healthcare Engineering · doi:10.1155/2021/8872167 · Cited by 12
Wilson, A. M., Jones, R. M., Lerma, V. L., Abney, S. E., King, M., Weir, M. H., Sexton, J. D., Noakes, C. J., & Reynolds, K. A. (2021) · Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene · doi:10.1080/15459624.2021.1926468 · Cited by 12
Robey, A. J., & Fierce, L. M. (2021) · International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer · doi:10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2021.105747 · Cited by 12
Coronavirus disease 2019 in children
Levy, E. R., Blumenthal, J. A., & Chiotos, K. (2021) · Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1097/qco.0000000000000762 · Cited by 13
Analysis of the Impact of Mask-wearing in Viral Spread: Implications for COVID-19
Tian, Y., Sridhar, A., Yağan, O., & Poor, H. V. (2021) · Proceedings of the ... American Control Conference/Proceedings of the American Control Conference · doi:10.23919/acc50511.2021.9482733 · Cited by 12
Kong, M., Li, L., Eilts, S. M., Li, L., Hogan, C. J., & Pope, Z. (2022) · ACS ES&T Engineering · doi:10.1021/acsestengg.1c00321 · Cited by 12
The Clinical and Genomic Epidemiology of Rhinovirus in Homeless Shelters—King County, Washington
Chow, E. J., Casto, A. M., Roychoudhury, P., Han, P. D., Xie, H. J., Pfau, B., Nguyen, T. V., Sereewit, J., Rogers, J. H., Cox, S. N., et al. (2022) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/infdis/jiac239 · Cited by 12
McCrackin, S. D., Provencher, S., Mendell, E., & Ristic, J. (2022) · Cognitive Research Principles and Implications · doi:10.1186/s41235-022-00411-8 · Cited by 15
Metadata
- Authors
- Leung, N. H. L., Chu, D. K. W., Shiu, E. Y. C., Chan, K.-H., McDevitt, J. J., Hau, B. J. P., Yen, H.-L., Li, Y., Ip, D. K. M., Peiris, J. S. M., Seto, W.-H., Leung, G. M., Milton, D. K., & Cowling, B. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Hong Kong (HK)
- Harvard University (US)
- Queen Mary Hospital (CN)
- University of Maryland, College Park (US)
- Corresponding author
- Cowling, Benjamin J.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nature Medicine
- Published
- 2020-04-03
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 676-680
- ISSN
- 1078-8956 (ISSN-L)
- 1546-170X
- PMC
- PMC8238571
- OpenAlex
- W3014271510
- Cited by
- 2,270
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 43 · 2025: 98 · 2024: 166 · 2023: 232 · 2022: 400 · 2021: 683 · 2020: 643
- FWCI
- 276.42
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- correction (2020-05-27)
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Nature Medicine (publishedVersion)
- Research Square (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- University Grants Committee (T11–705/14N)
- Food and Health Bureau
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U01IP000497, U01CI000446)
- Health and Medical Research Fund (13120592)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (RC1AI086900)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Infection Control and Ventilation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Respiratory viral infections research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Keywords
- exhaled breath, surgical masks, influenza virus, human coronaviruses, rhinovirus, respiratory droplets, aerosols, acute respiratory illness, virus transmission prevention, children and adults
- MeSH terms
- COVID-19, Aerosols, Humans, Masks, Orthomyxoviridae, Pneumonia, Viral, Respiratory Tract Infections, RNA, Viral, Virus Shedding, Coronavirus Infections, Exhalation, Pandemics
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review