The DOI matches its Crossref record; 47 of the 48 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Respiratory virus shedding in exhaled breath and efficacy of face masks
Open accessPublished version of a preprint
Abstract
We identified seasonal human coronaviruses, influenza viruses and rhinoviruses in exhaled breath and coughs of children and adults with acute respiratory illness. Surgical face masks significantly reduced detection of influenza virus RNA in respiratory droplets and coronavirus RNA in aerosols, with a trend toward reduced detection of coronavirus RNA in respiratory droplets. Our results indicate that surgical face masks could prevent transmission of human coronaviruses and influenza viruses from symptomatic individuals.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“Materials used in disposable procedure/surgical masks afford better filtration than homemade masks but typically are substantially less efficient than N95 FFR materials [45, 56, 68].”
From The protective performance of reusable cloth face masks, disposable procedure masks, KN95 masks and N95 respirators: Filtration and total inward leakage (2021) · cites this paper as [56]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China, of novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia
Li, Q., Guan, X., Wu, P., Wang, X., Zhou, L., Tong, Y., Ren, R., Leung, K. S. M., Lau, E. H. Y., Wong, J. Y., et al. (2020) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa2001316 · Cited by 16,575
Self-citationJames, S. L., Abate, D., Abate, K. H., Abay, S. M., Abbafati, C., Abbasi, N., Abbastabar, H., Abd-Allah, F., Abdela, J., Abdelalim, A., et al. (2018) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(18)32279-7 · Cited by 13,867
Lu, R., Zhao, X., Li, J., Niu, P., Yang, B., Wu, H., Wang, W., Song, H., Huang, B., Zhu, N., et al. (2020) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30251-8 · Cited by 11,907
Roth, G. A., Abate, D., Abate, K. H., Abay, S. M., Abbafati, C., Abbasi, N., Abbastabar, H., Abd-Allah, F., Abdela, J., Abdelalim, A., et al. (2018) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(18)32203-7 · Cited by 8,600
Estimates of global seasonal influenza-associated respiratory mortality: a modelling study
Iuliano, A. D., Roguski, K. M., Chang, H. H., Muscatello, D. J., Palekar, R. S., Tempia, S., Cohen, C., Gran, J. M., Schanzer, D. L., Cowling, B. J., et al. (2017) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(17)33293-2 · Cited by 3,034
Self-citationRapid spread of the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant in some French regions, June 2021
Alizon, S., Haïm‐Boukobza, S., Foulongne, V., Verdurme, L., Trombert‐Paolantoni, S., Lecorché, E., Roquebert, B., & Sofonea, M. T. (2021) · Eurosurveillance · doi:10.2807/1560-7917.es.2021.26.28.2100573 · Cited by 870
The Economic Burden of Non–Influenza-Related Viral Respiratory Tract Infection in the United States
Fendrick, A. M., Monto, A. S., Nightengale, B. S., & Sarnes, M. W. (2003) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.163.4.487 · Cited by 865
Jacobs, S. E., Lamson, D. M., George, K. S., & Walsh, T. J. (2013) · Clinical Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1128/cmr.00077-12 · Cited by 760
Recognition of aerosol transmission of infectious agents: a commentary
Tellier, R., Li, Y., Cowling, B. J., & Tang, J. W.-T. (2019) · BMC Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1186/s12879-019-3707-y · Cited by 745
Self-citationMilton, D. K., Fabian, M. P., Cowling, B. J., Grantham, M. L., & McDevitt, J. J. (2013) · PLoS Pathogens · doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003205 · Cited by 669
Self-citation
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 701–800 of 1,000
Rockey, N. C., Sage, V. L., Marr, L. C., & Lakdawala, S. S. (2024) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.02010-23 · Cited by 23
Omnipotent antibacterial cotton fabrics with superhydrophobic and photothermal properties
Wang, Z., Cheng, H., Chen, R., Wang, M., Jiang, N., Lu, Z., & Yang, H. (2024) · International Journal of Biological Macromolecules · doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.138901 · Cited by 23
Universal Masking in the Covid-19 Era
Klompas, M., Morris, C. A., & Shenoy, E. S. (2020) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmc2020836 · Cited by 23
Sakharov, A., & Zhukov, K. (2020) · Physics · doi:10.3390/physics2030018 · Cited by 25
The Use of Facemasks During the COVID-19 Pandemic by the Brazilian Population
Cotrin, P., Bahls, A. C., da Silva, D. D. O., Girão, V. M. P., Pinzan‐Vercelino, C. R. M., de Oliveira, R. C. G., de Oliveira, R. C. G., Carvalho, M. D. D. B., Pelloso, S. M., Valarelli, F. P., et al. (2020) · Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare · doi:10.2147/jmdh.s281524 · Cited by 30
Eiche, T., & Kuster, M. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17239088 · Cited by 24
Analysis and Psychoeducational Implications of the Behavior Factor During the COVID-19 Emergency
de la Fuente, J., Kauffman, D. F., Dempsy, M. S., & Kauffman, Y. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.613881 · Cited by 23
Self, J. L., Montgomery, M. P., Toews, K.-A. E., Samuels, E. A., Imbert, E., McMichael, T. M., Marx, G. E., Lohff, C. J., Andrews, T., Ghinai, I., et al. (2021) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2021.306198 · Cited by 23
Transmission of Respiratory Viral Diseases to Health Care Workers: COVID-19 as an Example
Wilson, A. M., Sleeth, D. K., Schaefer, C., & Jones, R. M. (2022) · Annual Review of Public Health · doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-052120-110009 · Cited by 25
Cason, C., Zamagni, G., Cozzi, G., Tonegutto, D., Ronfani, L., Oretti, C., Manzini, A. D., Barbi, E., Comar, M., & Amaddeo, A. (2022) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2022.804700 · Cited by 23
Molecular detection of SARS-COV-2 in exhaled breath at the point-of-need
Stakenborg, T., Raymenants, J., Taher, A., Marchal, E., Verbruggen, B., Roth, S., Jones, B., Yurt, A., Duthoo, W., Bombeke, K., et al. (2022) · Biosensors and Bioelectronics · doi:10.1016/j.bios.2022.114663 · Cited by 26
David, S. C., Vadas, O., Glas, I., Schaub, A., Luo, B., D’Angelo, G., Montoya, J. P., Bluvshtein, N., Hugentobler, W., Klein, L. K., et al. (2023) · mSphere · doi:10.1128/msphere.00226-23 · Cited by 21
Masks During Pandemics Caused by Respiratory Pathogens—Evidence and Implications for Action
Cash‐Goldwasser, S., Reingold, A. L., Luby, S. P., Jackson, L. A., & Frieden, T. R. (2023) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.39443 · Cited by 24
Timpka, T., & Nyce, J. M. (2021) · Annals of Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2021.03.012 · Cited by 23
Face Masks, Public Policies and Slowing the Spread of COVID-19: Evidence from Canada
Karaivanov, A. K., Lu, S. E., Shigeoka, H., Chen, C., & Pamplona, S. (2020) · National Bureau of Economic Research · doi:10.3386/w27891 · Cited by 24
Modeling the Impacts of Physical Distancing and Other Exposure Determinants on Aerosol Transmission
Wagner, J., Sparks, T. L., Miller, S., Chen, W., Macher, J. M., & Waldman, J. M. (2021) · Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene · doi:10.1080/15459624.2021.1963445 · Cited by 21
Kuo, T.-T., Gabriel, R. A., Koola, J., Schooley, R. T., & Lucila Ohno-machado, A. (2025) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-025-56510-9 · Cited by 27
Giovanni, A., Radulesco, T., Bouchet, G., Mattei, A., Révis, J., Bogdanski, E., & Michel, J. (2020) · European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology · doi:10.1007/s00405-020-06200-7 · Cited by 24
Shah, S. H., Garg, A., Patel, S. H., Yim, W., Jokerst, J. V., & Chao, D. L. (2020) · American Journal of Ophthalmology · doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2020.08.046 · Cited by 23
Teo, J. Y., Kng, J. S. J., Periaswamy, B., Liu, S., Lim, P. C., Lee, C. E., Tan, B. H., Loh, X. J., Ni, X., Tiang, D., et al. (2021) · Global Challenges · doi:10.1002/gch2.202100030 · Cited by 22
Masked Face Detection Algorithm in the Dense Crowd Based on Federated Learning
Zhu, R., Yin, K., Xiong, H., Tang, H., & Yin, G. (2021) · Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing · doi:10.1155/2021/8586016 · Cited by 22
Extubation of children in the operating theatre
Egbuta, C., & Evans, F. M. (2021) · BJA Education · doi:10.1016/j.bjae.2021.10.003 · Cited by 22
Zeng, Z., Guan, W., Liu, Y., Lin, Z., Liang, W., Liang, J., Chen, B., Wu, T. T., Wang, Y., Yang, C., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.801946 · Cited by 22
Predicting the splash of a droplet impinging on solid substrates
Yonemoto, Y., Tashiro, K., Shimizu, K., & Kunugi, T. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-08852-3 · Cited by 22
Rhee, C., Baker, M. A., & Klompas, M. (2022) · Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1097/qco.0000000000000839 · Cited by 21
Pi, S., Liu, C., Zhang, J., Li, N., Shen, J., Guo, W. C., Qin, L., Zhao, J., Zhang, S., & Wang, Z. (2023) · ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces · doi:10.1021/acsami.2c23130 · Cited by 22
Dähne, T., Bauer, W., Essig, A., Schaaf, B., Spinner, C. D., Pletz, M. W., Rohde, G. G. U., Rupp, J., Witzenrath, M., Panning, M., et al. (2021) · Emerging Microbes & Infections · doi:10.1080/22221751.2021.1957402 · Cited by 22
A smart mask for active defense against airborne pathogens
Kalavakonda, R. R., Masna, N. V. R., Mandal, S., & Bhunia, S. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-99150-x · Cited by 22
Champredon, D., Bancej, C. M., Lee, L., & Buckrell, S. (2021) · Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses · doi:10.1111/irv.12930 · Cited by 22
Impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on health-care workers
Harrison, D., Muradali, K., Sahly, H. M. E., Bozkurt, B., & Jneid, H. M. (2020) · Hospital Practice · doi:10.1080/21548331.2020.1771010 · Cited by 22
Secondary organophosphate esters: A review of environmental source, occurrence, and human exposure
Wang, X., Xue, Y., Zhang, X., Wang, J., Xia, K., Liu, W., Xie, Z., Liu, R., & Liu, Q. (2024) · Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology · doi:10.1080/10643389.2024.2399968 · Cited by 21
A New Natural Defense Against Airborne Pathogens
Edwards, D. A., Hickey, A. J., Batycky, R., Griel, L. C., Lipp, M. M., Dehaan, W., Clarke, R. W., Hava, D. L., Perry, J. K., Laurenzi, B., et al. (2020) · QRB Discovery · doi:10.1017/qrd.2020.9 · Cited by 20
Pratomo, H. (2020) · Kesmas National Public Health Journal · doi:10.21109/kesmas.v15i2.4010 · Cited by 23
Reinventing Cloth Masks in the Face of Pandemics
Salter, S. J. (2020) · Risk Analysis · doi:10.1111/risa.13602 · Cited by 23
Jermy, M., Spence, C. J. T., Kirton, R. S., O'Donnell, J., Kabaliuk, N., Gaw, S., Hockey, H., Jiang, Y., Abidin, Z. Z., Dougherty, R. L., et al. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0246123 · Cited by 21
Bergamo and Covid-19: How the Dark Can Turn to Light
Perico, N., FAGIUOLI, S., Marco, F. D., Laghi, A., Cosentini, R., Rizzo, M., Gianatti, A., Rambaldi, A., Ruggenenti, P. L., Vecchia, C. L., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2021.609440 · Cited by 22
Ramos‐Campo, D. J., Pérez-Piñero, S., Muñoz-Carrillo, J. C., López-Román, F. J., García-Sánchez, E., & Ávila-Gandía, V. (2021) · Biology · doi:10.3390/biology10030213 · Cited by 21
COVID-19 transmission in Hong Kong despite universal masking
Martín-Sánchez, M., Lim, W. W., Yeung, A., Adam, D. C., Ali, S. T., Lau, E. H. Y., Wu, P., Yuen, K.-Y., Leung, G. M., & Cowling, B. J. (2021) · Journal of Infection · doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2021.04.019 · Cited by 19
Self-citationMask Mandates and COVID-19 Related Symptoms in the US
Nguyen, M. (2021) · ClinicoEconomics and Outcomes Research · doi:10.2147/ceor.s326728 · Cited by 24
Airborne transmission of the Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 in an auditorium
Huang, J., Hao, T., Liu, X., Jones, P., Ou, C., Liang, W., & Liu, F. (2022) · Building and Environment · doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2022.109212 · Cited by 21
Assessing the consequences of prolonged usage of disposable face masks
Buzzin, A., Domènech-Gil, G., Fraschetti, E., Giovine, E., Puglisi, D., & Caputo, D. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-20692-9 · Cited by 21
High-breathable, antimicrobial and water-repellent face mask for breath monitoring
Zhang, F., Lin, J., Yang, M., Wang, Y., Ye, Z., He, J., Shen, J., Zhou, X., Guo, Z., Zhang, Y., et al. (2023) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2023.143150 · Cited by 21
Lai, J., Coleman, K. K., Tai, S.-H. S., German, J. R., Hong, F. H., Albert, B., Esparza, Y., Rastogi, D., Srikakulapu, A. K., Kalliomäki, P., et al. (2024) · EBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105157 · Cited by 21
Self-citationA Novel Negative Pressure Isolation Device for Aerosol Transmissible COVID-19
Seger, C. D., Wang, L., Dong, X., Tebon, P. J., Kwon, S. T., Liew, E. C.-L., Marijic, J., Umar, S., & Hoftman, N. N. (2020) · Anesthesia & Analgesia · doi:10.1213/ane.0000000000005052 · Cited by 21
Disinformation and Conspiracy Theories in the Age of COVID-19
Pereira, P. S., Silveira, A. D. S., & Pereira, A. (2020) · Frontiers in Sociology · doi:10.3389/fsoc.2020.560681 · Cited by 24
Respiratory viruses in rural Zambia before and during the COVID ‐19 pandemic
Loevinsohn, G. S., Hamahuwa, M., Hardick, J. P., Sinywimaanzi, P., Fenstermacher, K., Munachoonga, P., Weynand, A., Monze, M., Manabe, Y. C., Gaydos, C. A., et al. (2022) · Tropical Medicine & International Health · doi:10.1111/tmi.13781 · Cited by 21
SEIR Model to address the impact of face masks amid COVID‐19 pandemic
Maged, A., Ahmed, A., Haridy, S., Baker, A. W., & Xie, M. (2022) · Risk Analysis · doi:10.1111/risa.13958 · Cited by 21
Public Masking: An Urgent Need to Revise Global Policies to Protect against COVID-19
Keshtkar‐Jahromi, M., Sulkowski, M., & Holakouie‐Naieni, K. (2020) · American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene · doi:10.4269/ajtmh.20-0305 · Cited by 21
Do Face Masks Create a False Sense of Security? A COVID-19 DilemmaPreprint
Yan, Y., Bayham, J., Fenichel, E. P., & Richter, A. (2020) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2020.05.23.20111302 · Cited by 21
Huang, Y., Wu, Y. L., & Zhang, W. (2020) · Chaos Solitons & Fractals · doi:10.1016/j.chaos.2020.110041 · Cited by 21
Lodh, A., Saxena, U., Khan, A., Motwani, A., Shakkeera, L., & Sharmasth, V. Y. (2020) · International Conference on Electronics, Communication and Aerospace Technology (ICECA) · doi:10.1109/iceca49313.2020.9297399 · Cited by 20
RetractedArdon‐Dryer, K., Warzywoda, J., Tekin, R., Biros, J., Almodóvar, S., Weeks, B. L., Hope‐Weeks, L. J., & Sacco, A. (2021) · Aerosol and Air Quality Research · doi:10.4209/aaqr.200571 · Cited by 20
A mathematical model for the spread of COVID-19 and control mechanisms in Saudi Arabia
Bachar, M., Khamsi, M. A., & Bounkhel, M. (2021) · Advances in Difference Equations · doi:10.1186/s13662-021-03410-z · Cited by 20
Respiratory droplets interception in fibrous porous media
Maggiolo, D., & Sasic, S. (2021) · Physics of Fluids · doi:10.1063/5.0060947 · Cited by 20
Arévalo, S. J., Sifuentes, D. Z., Huallpa, C. J., Bianchi, G. L., Chávez, A. C., Casas, R. G.-S., Calampa, C. S. U., Uceda-Campos, G., & Pineda, R. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-97267-7 · Cited by 22
Chen, K., Wu, J., & Yarin, A. L. (2021) · Journal of Membrane Science · doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2021.120138 · Cited by 20
Yuan, H., & Blakemore, C. B. (2021) · The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific · doi:10.1016/j.lanwpc.2021.100343 · Cited by 22
Alencar, W. L. M., Arouche, T. D. S., Neto, A. F. G., Ramalho, T. C., de Carvalho, R. N., & Neto, A. M. D. J. C. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-07396-w · Cited by 20
Virus Blocking Textile for SARS-CoV-2 Using Human Body Triboelectric Energy Harvesting
Kang, M., Jang, N.-Y., Kim, Y., Ro, H., Kim, D., Kim, Y., Kim, H. T., Kwon, H. M., Ahn, J., Choi, B., et al. (2021) · Cell Reports Physical Science · doi:10.1016/j.xcrp.2022.100813 · Cited by 20
Landry, S. A., Subedi, D., Barr, J. J., MacDonald, M., Dix, S., Kutey, D. M., Mansfield, D. R., Hamilton, G. S., Edwards, B. A., & Joosten, S. A. (2022) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/infdis/jiac195 · Cited by 20
Alexandre, M., Marlin, R., Prague, M., Coléon, S., Kahlaoui, N., Cardinaud, S., Naninck, T., Delache, B., Surénaud, M., Galhaut, M., et al. (2022) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.75427 · Cited by 26
Phu, H.-T., Park, Y., Andrews, A. J., Marabella, I. A., Abraham, A., Mimmack, R., Olson, B. A., Chaika, J., Floersch, E., Remškar, M., et al. (2020) · American Journal of Infection Control · doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2020.06.203 · Cited by 20
The wearing of face masks in African countries under the COVID-19 crisis: luxury or necessity?
Aloui, Z., Youssfi, L. E., Badu, K., Fagbamigbe, A. F., Matoke-Muhia, D., Ngugi, C. W., Dukhi, N., & Mwaura, G. (2020) · AAS Open Research · doi:10.12688/aasopenres.13079.1 · Cited by 20
End-to-End Protocol for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2 from Built Environments
Parker, C. W., Singh, N. K., Tighe, S. W., Blachowicz, A., Wood, J. M., Seuylemezian, A., Vaishampayan, P., Urbaniak, C., Hendrickson, R., Laaguiby, P., et al. (2020) · mSystems · doi:10.1128/msystems.00771-20 · Cited by 20
Face masks help control transmission of COVID-19
Clapham, H., & Cook, A. R. (2021) · The Lancet Digital Health · doi:10.1016/s2589-7500(21)00003-0 · Cited by 20
Android Application based Smart Bus Transportation System for Pandemic Situations
Krishnan, R. S., Manikandan, S., Raj, J. R. F., Narayanan, K. L., & Robinson, H. (2021) · International Conference on Intelligent Communication Technologies and Virtual Mobile Networks (ICICV) · doi:10.1109/icicv50876.2021.9388625 · Cited by 20
Grudlewska‐Buda, K., Wiktorczyk-Kapischke, N., Wałecka-Zacharska, E., Kwiecińska-Piróg, J., Buszko, K., Leis, K., Juszczuk, K., Gospodarek-Komkowska, E., & Skowron, K. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm10091962 · Cited by 27
Spang, R. P., & Pieper, K. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-99100-7 · Cited by 20
Kinahan, S., Silcott, D. B., Silcott, B. E., Silcott, R. M., Silcott, P. J., Silcott, B. J., Distelhorst, S. L., Herrera, V. L., Rivera, D. N., Crown, K. K., et al. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0246916 · Cited by 20
Peptidic Sulfhydryl for Interfacing Nanocrystals and Subsequent Sensing of SARS-CoV-2 Protease
Jin, Z., Yeung, J., Zhou, J., Cheng, Y., Li, Y., Mantri, Y., He, T., Yim, W., Xu, M., Wu, Z., et al. (2022) · Chemistry of Materials · doi:10.1021/acs.chemmater.1c03871 · Cited by 20
Self-citationSim, J. Y., Chen, Y.-C., Hsu, W.-Y., Chen, W.-Y., Chou, Y., Chow, J. C., Lai, Y.-C., Tang, H.-J., Chen, C., Ho, C., et al. (2022) · Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection · doi:10.1016/j.jmii.2022.03.005 · Cited by 20
Yuan, P., Li, J., Aruffo, E., Li, Q., Zheng, T., Ogden, N. H., Sander, B., Heffernan, J. M., Gatov, E., Gournis, E., et al. (2022) · CMAJ Open · doi:10.9778/cmajo.20200242 · Cited by 20
Vadlamudi, G., Thirumalaikumaran, S. K., Chakravortty, D., Saha, A., & Basu, S. (2022) · Physics of Fluids · doi:10.1063/5.0093297 · Cited by 20
Resurgence of influenza virus activity during COVID-19 pandemic in Shanghai, China
Liu, P., & Xu, J. (2022) · Journal of Infection · doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2022.09.025 · Cited by 20
Face masks influence emotion judgments of facial expressions: a drift–diffusion model
Williams, W. C., Haque, E., Mai, B., & Venkatraman, V. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-35381-4 · Cited by 20
Lightening the viral load to lessen covid-19 severity
Burgess, S., Smith, D., Kenyon, J. C., & Gill, D. (2020) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.m4763 · Cited by 18
Can wearing face masks in public affect transmission route and viral load in COVID-19?
Strizova, Z. O., Bartůňková, J., & Smrž, D. (2020) · Central European Journal of Public Health · doi:10.21101/cejph.a6290 · Cited by 19
Doughty, D. C., Hill, S. C., & Mackowski, D. W. (2020) · Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer · doi:10.1016/j.jqsrt.2020.107489 · Cited by 18
Xu, Y., Lin, G., Spada, C., Zhao, H., Wang, S., Chen, X., Chen, Y., Zhang, Y., Marraro, G. A., Zeng, X., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2021.638430 · Cited by 19
Qiao, Y., Yang, M., Marabella, I. A., McGee, D. A. J., Olson, B. A., Torremorell, M., & Hogan, C. J. (2021) · Indoor Air · doi:10.1111/ina.12847 · Cited by 19
Technical note: Impact of face covering on aerosol transport patterns during coughing and sneezing
Grinshpun, S. A., & Yermakov, M. V. (2021) · Journal of Aerosol Science · doi:10.1016/j.jaerosci.2021.105847 · Cited by 18
Lee, P., Kim, H., Kim, Y., Choi, W., Zitouni, M. S., Khandoker, A. H., Jelinek, H. F., Hadjileontiadis, L. J., Lee, U., & Jeong, Y. (2022) · JMIR mhealth and uhealth · doi:10.2196/38614 · Cited by 20
Effects of COVID-19 and Social Distancing on Rhinovirus Infections and Asthma Exacerbations
Kreger, J. E., & Hershenson, M. B. (2022) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v14112340 · Cited by 19
The Impact of Mask Mandates on Face Mask Use During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Longitudinal Survey Study
Binka, M., Adu, P., Jeong, D., Vadlamudi, N. K., García, H. A. V., Mahmood, B., Buller-Taylor, T., Otterstatter, M. C., & Janjua, N. Z. (2022) · JMIR Public Health and Surveillance · doi:10.2196/42616 · Cited by 19
Galli, C., Pellegrinelli, L., Giardina, F., Ferrari, G., Renteria, S. U., Novazzi, F., Masi, E., Pagani, E., Piccirilli, G., Mauro, M. V., et al. (2022) · Virus Research · doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2022.199033 · Cited by 19
Razanajatovo, N. H., Randriambolamanantsoa, T. H., Rabarison, J. H., Randrianasolo, L., Ankasitrahana, M. F., Ratsimbazafy, A., Raherinandrasana, A. H., Razafimanjato, H., Raharinosy, V., Andriamandimby, S. F., et al. (2022) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v15010012 · Cited by 19
Curatola, A., Graglia, B., Ferretti, S., Covino, M., Pansini, V., Eftimiadi, G., Chiaretti, A., & Gatto, A. (2023) · Acta bio-medica dell'Ateneo parmense/Acta biomedica · doi:10.23750/abm.v94i1.13552 · Cited by 19
Weber, D. J., Rutala, W. A., & Sickbert-Bennett, E. E. (2023) · American Journal of Infection Control · doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2023.02.006 · Cited by 21
The changing pattern of common respiratory viruses among children from 2018 to 2021 in Wuhan, China
Wan, L., Li, L., Zhang, H., Liu, C., Li, R., Wu, X., & Chen, J. (2023) · Archives of Virology · doi:10.1007/s00705-023-05891-7 · Cited by 19
Lang, X., Vásquez, N. G., Liu, W., Wyon, D. P., & Wargocki, P. L. (2024) · Building and Environment · doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.111248 · Cited by 19
İrez, A. B., & Yakar, H. (2024) · Polymer Composites · doi:10.1002/pc.28421 · Cited by 19
Feng, Q., Wang, J., Wang, X., Tian, J., Zhang, L., Dilmurat, D., Liu, M., Ai, J., Feng, G., Zeng, Y., et al. (2025) · Journal of Infection · doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2025.106450 · Cited by 19
Nguyen, T. N., Jadhav, A. P., Dasenbrock, H. H., Nogueira, R. G., Abdalkader, M. K., Ma, A., Cervantes-Arslanian, A. M., Greer, D. M., Daneshmand, A., Yavagal, D. R., et al. (2020) · Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.105010 · Cited by 19
Khanagar, S. B., Al-Ehaideb, A., Vishwanathaiah, S., Maganur, P. C., Naik, S., & Siddeeqh, S. (2020) · HERD Health Environments Research & Design Journal · doi:10.1177/1937586720950746 · Cited by 19
Influenza activity during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 in Chinese mainland
Liu, M., Deng, L., Wang, D., & Jiang, T. (2020) · Biosafety and Health · doi:10.1016/j.bsheal.2020.08.005 · Cited by 19
Check the gap: Facemask performance and exhaled aerosol distributions around the wearer
Kolewe, E. L., Stillman, Z. S., Woodward, I. R., & Fromen, C. A. (2020) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0243885 · Cited by 22
Effects of surgical masks on droplet dispersion under various oxygen delivery modalities
Takazono, T., Yamamoto, K., Okamoto, R., Tashiro, M., Morimoto, S., Hosogaya, N., Miyazaki, T., Yanagihara, K., Izumikawa, K., & Mukae, H. (2021) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/s13054-021-03512-w · Cited by 19
Singh, P., Pal, K., Chakravraty, A., & Ikram, S. (2021) · Journal of Molecular Structure · doi:10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130443 · Cited by 20
Tretiakow, D., Tesch, K., & Skorek, A. (2021) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2021.111229 · Cited by 19
Raja, R. K., Nguyen‐Tri, P., Balasubramani, G., Arun, A., Hazır, S., Ladhari, S., Saïdi, A., Pugazhendhi, A., & Samy, A. A. (2021) · Applied Nanoscience · doi:10.1007/s13204-021-01900-w · Cited by 20
Metadata
- Authors
- Leung, N. H. L., Chu, D. K. W., Shiu, E. Y. C., Chan, K.-H., McDevitt, J. J., Hau, B. J. P., Yen, H.-L., Li, Y., Ip, D. K. M., Peiris, J. S. M., Seto, W.-H., Leung, G. M., Milton, D. K., & Cowling, B. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Hong Kong (HK)
- Harvard University (US)
- Queen Mary Hospital (CN)
- University of Maryland, College Park (US)
- Corresponding author
- Cowling, Benjamin J.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nature Medicine
- Published
- 2020-04-03
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 676-680
- ISSN
- 1078-8956 (ISSN-L)
- 1546-170X
- PMC
- PMC8238571
- OpenAlex
- W3014271510
- Cited by
- 2,270
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 43 · 2025: 98 · 2024: 166 · 2023: 232 · 2022: 400 · 2021: 683 · 2020: 643
- FWCI
- 276.42
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- correction (2020-05-27)
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Nature Medicine (publishedVersion)
- Research Square (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- University Grants Committee (T11–705/14N)
- Food and Health Bureau
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U01IP000497, U01CI000446)
- Health and Medical Research Fund (13120592)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (RC1AI086900)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Infection Control and Ventilation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Respiratory viral infections research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Keywords
- exhaled breath, surgical masks, influenza virus, human coronaviruses, rhinovirus, respiratory droplets, aerosols, acute respiratory illness, virus transmission prevention, children and adults
- MeSH terms
- COVID-19, Aerosols, Humans, Masks, Orthomyxoviridae, Pneumonia, Viral, Respiratory Tract Infections, RNA, Viral, Virus Shedding, Coronavirus Infections, Exhalation, Pandemics
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review