One-month spaceflight compromises the bone microstructure, tissue-level mechanical properties, osteocyte survival and lacunae volume in mature mice skeletons
Open accessAbstract
The weightless environment during spaceflight induces site-specific bone loss. The 30-day Bion-M1 mission offered a unique opportunity to characterize the skeletal changes after spaceflight and an 8-day recovery period in mature male C57/BL6 mice. In the femur metaphysis, spaceflight decreased the trabecular bone volume (−64% vs. Habitat Control), dramatically increased the bone resorption (+140% vs. Habitat Control) and induced marrow adiposity invasion. At the diaphysis, cortical thinning associated with periosteal resorption was observed. In the Flight animal group, the osteocyte lacunae displayed a reduced volume and a more spherical shape (synchrotron radiation analyses), and empty lacunae were highly increased (+344% vs. Habitat Control). Tissue-level mechanical cortical properties (i.e., hardness and modulus) were locally decreased by spaceflight, whereas the mineral characteristics and collagen maturity were unaffected. In the vertebrae, spaceflight decreased the overall bone volume and altered the modulus in the periphery of the trabecular struts. Despite normalized osteoclastic activity and an increased osteoblast number, bone recovery was not observed 8 days after landing. In conclusion, spaceflight induces osteocyte death, which may trigger bone resorption and result in bone mass and microstructural deterioration. Moreover, osteocyte cell death, lacunae mineralization and fatty marrow, which are hallmarks of ageing, may impede tissue maintenance and repair.
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Osteoclasts maintain their ability to resorb bone in microgravity, in contrast to osteoblasts and osteocytes, which are adversely affected by microgravity.
“In stark contrast to the devastating effects of microgravity on osteoblasts, whose cytoskeletons may implode do to the failure of microtubules and actin filaments [54,55], and osteocytes, which undergo apoptosis as early as three days into space flight [56], osteoclasts maintain their ability to resorb bone in microgravity.”
From Osteoclasts and Microgravity (2020) · cites this paper as [56]
The citation [56] is attached to the claim that osteocytes undergo apoptosis as early as three days into spaceflight. The Discussion reports increased empty osteocyte lacunae after a 30-day flight, suggesting osteocyte death, but does not establish apoptosis at three days. It also reports increased bone resorption, though that is not the part of the sentence specifically attached to [56]. (LLM, conf=0.87)
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- Authors
- Gerbaix, M., Gnyubkin, V., Farlay, D., Olivier, C., Ammann, P., Courbon, G., Laroche, N., Genthial, R., Follet, H., Peyrin, F., Shenkman, B., Gauquelin-Koch, G., & Vico, L.
- Affiliations
- Inserm (FR)
- Lyon 1 Université (FR)
- University of Geneva (CH)
- Centre National d'Études Spatiales (FR)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Russian Academy of Sciences (RU)
- Corresponding author
- Vico, Laurence
- ORCID
- Venue
- Scientific Reports
- Published
- 2017-06-01
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 13078-13078
- ISSN
- 2045-2322 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5453937
- OpenAlex
- W2619099565
- Cited by
- 127
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 9.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- erratum (2017-10-12)
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Scientific Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Archive ouverte UNIGE (University of Geneva) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- HAL (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Archive ouverte UNIGE (University of Geneva) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR-11-LABX-0063)
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility
- Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales
- Université de Lyon (ANR−11-LABX−0063)
- LabEx PRIMES (ANR-11-LABX-0063))
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Spaceflight effects on biology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bone Metabolism and Diseases
- Keywords
- spaceflight, microgravity, bone loss, osteocyte death, osteocyte lacunae, trabecular bone volume, cortical bone thinning, bone resorption, marrow adiposity, bone mechanical properties, bone recovery, bone aging
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Biomechanical Phenomena, Bone and Bones, Bone Resorption, Femur, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Osteocytes, Space Flight, Spine, Weightlessness, Bone Density
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