Adaptive light: a lighting control method aligned with dark adaptation of human vision
Open accessAbstract
Light exposure before sleep causes a reduction in the quality and duration of sleep. In order to reduce these detrimental effects of light exposure, it is important to dim the light. However, dimming the light often causes inconvenience and can lower the quality of life (QOL). We therefore aimed to develop a lighting control method for use before going to bed, in which the illuminance of lights can be ramped down with less of a subjective feeling of changes in illuminance. We performed seven experiments in a double-blind, randomized crossover design. In each experiment, we compared two lighting conditions. We examined constant illuminance, linear dimming, and three monophasic and three biphasic exponential dimming, to explore the fast and slow increases in visibility that reflect the dark adaptation of cone and rod photoreceptors in the retina, respectively. Finally, we developed a biphasic exponential dimming method termed Adaptive Light 1.0. Adaptive Light 1.0 significantly prevented the misidentification seen in constant light and effectively suppressed perceptions of the illuminance change. This novel lighting method will help to develop new intelligent lighting instruments that reduce the negative effect of light on sleep and also lower energy consumption.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Poor sleep quality can be affected by lighting that is too bright.
“Takemura et al. [57] say that poor sleep quality can be affected by lighting that is too bright.”
From Machine Learning Methods in Smart Lighting Toward Achieving User Comfort: A Survey (2022) · cites this paper as Takemura et al. [57]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
The human emotional brain without sleep—a prefrontal amygdala disconnect
Yoo, S.-S., Gujar, N., Hu, P., Jolesz, F. A., & Walker, M. P. (2007) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2007.08.007 · Cited by 1,303 · see citing works
Zeitzer, J. M., Dijk, D., Kronauer, R. E., Brown, E. N., & Czeisler, C. A. (2000) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7793.2000.00695.x · Cited by 1,175 · see citing works
A Phase Response Curve to Single Bright Light Pulses in Human Subjects
Khalsa, S. B. S., Jewett, M. E., Cajochen, C., & Czeisler, C. A. (2003) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2003.040477 · Cited by 1,040 · see citing works
Dose-response relationships for resetting of human circadian clock by light
Boivin, D. B., Duffy, J. F., Kronauer, R. E., & Czeisler, C. A. (1996) · Nature · doi:10.1038/379540a0 · Cited by 559 · see citing works
High Incidence of Diabetes in Men With Sleep Complaints or Short Sleep Duration
Mallon, L., Broman, J.-E., & Hetta, J. (2005) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.28.11.2762 · Cited by 391 · see citing works
THE INFLUENCE OF LIGHT ADAPTATION ON SUBSEQUENT DARK ADAPTATION OF THE EYE
Hecht, S., Haig, C., & Chase, A. M. (1937) · Journal of General Physiology · doi:10.1085/jgp.20.6.831 · Cited by 288 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 16
- [1]Suka M Yoshida K Sugimori H Persistent insomnia is a predictor of hypertension in Japanese male workers J. Occup. Health. 2003 45 344 350 10.1539/joh.45.344 14676413 · DOI
- [3]Salo P Trajectories of sleep complaints from early midlife to old age: Longitudinal modeling study Sleep 2012 10.5665/sleep.2210 23115405 PMC3466803 · DOI
- [5]Motomura Y Sleep debt elicits negative emotional reaction through diminished amygdala-anterior cingulate functional connectivity PLoS ONE 2013 10.1371/journal.pone.0056578 23418586 PMC3572063 · DOI
- [6]Kim K Uchiyama M Okawa M Liu X Ogihara R An epidemiological study of insomnia among the Japanese general population Sleep 2000 23 41 47 10.1093/sleep/23.1.1a 10678464 · DOI · Paper page
- [7]Stein MD Friedmann PD Disturbed sleep and its relationship to alcohol use Subst. Abus. 2005 26 1 13 10.1300/J465v26n01_01 PMC2775419 16492658 · DOI · Paper page
- [8]Roehrs T Roth T Caffeine: Sleep and daytime sleepiness Sleep Med. Rev. 2008 12 153 162 10.1016/j.smrv.2007.07.004 17950009 · DOI
- [9]Brainard GC Action spectrum for melatonin regulation in humans: Evidence for a novel circadian photoreceptor J. Neurosci. 2001 21 6405 6412 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.21-16-06405.2001 11487664 PMC6763155 · DOI · Paper page
- [13]Lucas RJ Lall GS Allen AE Brown TM How rod, cone, and melanopsin photoreceptors come together to enlighten the mammalian circadian clock Progr. Brain Res. 2012 199 1 18 10.1016/B978-0-444-59427-3.00001-0 22877656 · DOI · Paper page
- [14]Lewy AJ Wehr TA Goodwin FK Newsome DA Markey SP Light suppresses melatonin secretion in humans Science 1980 210 1267 1269 10.1126/science.7434030 7434030 · DOI · Paper page
- [15]Dacey DM Melanopsin-expressing ganglion cells in primate retina signal colour and irradiance and project to the LGN Nature 2005 433 749 754 10.1038/nature03387 15716953 · DOI · Paper page
- [16]Munezawa T The association between use of mobile phones after lights out and sleep disturbances among Japanese adolescents: A nationwide cross-sectional survey Sleep 2011 34 1013 1020 10.5665/SLEEP.1152 21804663 PMC3138156 · DOI
- [17]Hafner M Stepanek M Taylor J Troxel WM Van Stolk C Why sleep matters—The economic costs of insufficient sleep A cross-country comparative analysis Rand Health Q. 2017 6 4 11 28983434 PMC5627640
- [21]Reuter T Fifty years of dark adaptation 1961–2011 Vis. Res. 2011 51 2243 2262 10.1016/j.visres.2011.08.021 21925198 · DOI
- [22]Kardon R Chromatic pupil responses: Preferential activation of the melanopsin-mediated versus outer photoreceptor-mediated pupil light reflex Ophthalmology 2009 116 1564 1573 10.1016/j.ophtha.2009.02.007 19501408 · DOI
- [27]Kaida K Validation of the Karolinska sleepiness scale against performance and EEG variables Clin. Neurophysiol. 2006 117 1574 1581 10.1016/j.clinph.2006.03.011 16679057 · DOI
- [28]Aitken RCB Measurement of feelings using visual analogue scales Proc. R. Soc. Med. 1969 62 989 993 4899510 PMC1810824
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Machine Learning Methods in Smart Lighting Toward Achieving User Comfort: A Survey
Putrada, A. G., Abdurohman, M., Perdana, D., & Nuha, H. H. (2022) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2022.3169765 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
“Takemura et al. [57] say that poor sleep quality can be affected by lighting that is too bright.”
Background
- Authors
- Takemura, Y., Ito, M., Shimizu, Y., Okano, K., & Okano, T.
- Affiliations
- Waseda University (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Okano, Toshiyuki
- ORCID
- Okano, Toshiyuki
- Venue
- Scientific Reports
- Published
- 2020-07-08
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 11204-11204
- ISSN
- 2045-2322 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7343865
- OpenAlex
- W3040987856
- Cited by
- 12
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 4
- FWCI
- 0.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Scientific Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (16K13032)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Building and Construction › Building Energy and Comfort Optimization
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Keywords
- adaptive lighting, dimming, dark adaptation, sleep, cone photoreceptors, rod photoreceptors, visual perception, quality of life, energy consumption
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Dark Adaptation, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Japan, Light, Lighting, Male, Sleep, Vision, Ocular, Cross-Over Studies, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review