Cited by 284COVID-19 Clinical Research StudiesCOVID-19 epidemiological studiesLong-Term Effects of COVID-19

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 59 of the 59 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of geographic differences in comorbidities and associated severity and mortality among individuals with COVID-19

Open access

Thakur, Bhaskar, Dubey, Pallavi, Benitez, Joseph, Torres, Joshua P., Reddy, Sireesha, Shokar, Navkiran, Aung, Koko, Mukherjee, Debabrata, Dwivedi, Alok Kumar·2021·Scientific Reports

DOI 10.1038/s41598-021-88130-wPMC PMC8058064

Open this paper in CoChat — free account Open PDF

Abstract

Several comorbidities have been shown to be associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) related severity and mortality. However, considerable variation in the prevalence estimates of comorbidities and their effects on COVID-19 morbidity and mortality have been observed in prior studies. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine geographical, age, and gender related differences in the prevalence of comorbidities and associated severity and mortality rates among COVID-19 patients. We conducted a search using PubMed, Scopus, and EMBASE to include all COVID-19 studies published between January 1st, 2020 to July 24th, 2020 reporting comorbidities with severity or mortality. We included studies reporting the confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 on human patients that also provided information on comorbidities or disease outcomes. We used DerSimonian and Laird random effects method for calculating estimates. Of 120 studies with 125,446 patients, the most prevalent comorbidity was hypertension (32%), obesity (25%), diabetes (18%), and cardiovascular disease (16%) while chronic kidney or other renal diseases (51%, 44%), cerebrovascular accident (43%, 44%), and cardiovascular disease (44%, 40%) patients had more COVID-19 severity and mortality respectively. Considerable variation in the prevalence of comorbidities and associated disease severity and mortality in different geographic regions was observed. The highest mortality was observed in studies with Latin American and European patients with any medical condition, mostly older adults (≥ 65 years), and predominantly male patients. Although the US studies observed the highest prevalence of comorbidities in COVID-19 patients, the severity of COVID-19 among each comorbid condition was highest in Asian studies whereas the mortality was highest in the European and Latin American countries. Risk stratification and effective control strategies for the COVID-19 should be done according to comorbidities, age, and gender differences specific to geographical location.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1038/s41598-021-88130-w

Cites

59 of 59 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Figure 1 PRISMA flowchart for the selection of studies at different stages.CC BY · PubMed Central

Figure 2 Prevalence of comorbidities among COVID-19 patients.CC BY · PubMed Central

Figure 3 Proportion of COVID-19 severity among patients with underlying medical comorbidities.CC BY · PubMed Central

Figure 4 Proportion of mortality among COVID-19 patients with underlying medical comorbidities.CC BY · PubMed Central

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: the PRISMA statement
Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G., & for the PRISMA Group (2009) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.b2535 · Cited by 83,823
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement
Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G., & The PRISMA Group (2009) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097 · Cited by 64,042
Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA Statement.
(2009) · PubMed Central · Cited by 44,859
Meta-analysis in clinical trials
DerSimonian, R., & Laird, N. (1986) · Controlled Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/0197-2456(86)90046-2 · Cited by 39,552
The Effect of Riding as an Alternative Treatment for Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Wang, G., Ma, R., Qiao, G., Wada, K., Aizawa, Y., & Satoh, T. (2015) · Integrative Medicine International · doi:10.1159/000368408 · Cited by 18,762
Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study
Yang, X., Yu, Y., Xu, J., Shu, H., Xia, J., Liu, H., Wu, Y., Zhang, L., Yu, Z., Fang, M., et al. (2020) · The Lancet Respiratory Medicine · doi:10.1016/s2213-2600(20)30079-5 · Cited by 10,066
Risk Factors Associated With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Death in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pneumonia in Wuhan, China
Wu, C., Chen, X., Cai, Y., Xia, J., Zhou, X., Xu, S., Huang, H., Zhang, L., Zhou, X., Du, C., et al. (2020) · JAMA Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.0994 · Cited by 8,249
Methodological index for non‐randomized studies ( MINORS ): development and validation of a new instrument
Slim, K., Nini, E., Forestier, D., Kwiatkowski, F., Panis, Y., & Chipponi, J. (2003) · ANZ Journal of Surgery · doi:10.1046/j.1445-2197.2003.02748.x · Cited by 7,603
Sex differences in immune responses
Klein, S. L., & Flanagan, K. L. (2016) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri.2016.90 · Cited by 6,370
Clinical predictors of mortality due to COVID-19 based on an analysis of data of 150 patients from Wuhan, China
Ruan, Q., Yang, K., Wang, W., Jiang, L., & Song, J. (2020) · Intensive Care Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00134-020-05991-x · Cited by 4,898

Show all 59 references

Sorted by citations

Items 101–200 of 283

A nationwide study of liver disease hospitalizations during the coronavirus pandemic in the United States
Sedarous, M., Youssef, M. N., Adekunle, A. D., Babajide, O., Mahmud, M., Rubens, M., & Okafor, P. N. (2023) · Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1111/jgh.16170 · Cited by 9
The syndromic triad of COVID-19, type 2 diabetes, and malnutrition
Mechanick, J. I., Christofides, E. A., Marchetti, A. E., Hoddy, K. K., Joachim, J., Hegazi, R. A. F., & Hamdy, O. (2023) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2023.1122203 · Cited by 9
The Role of Comorbidities in COVID-19 Severity
König, S., Vaskyte, U., Boesing, M., Lüthi-Corridori, G., & Leuppi, J. D. (2025) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v17070957 · Cited by 8
Demographics, clinical characteristics, and outcomes in hospitalized patients during six waves of COVID‑19 in Northern Iran: a large cohort study
Shirafkan, H., Sadeghi, F., Halaji, M., Rahmani, R., & Yahyapour, Y. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-50139-8 · Cited by 8
Prediction of Conventional Oxygen Therapy Failure in COVID-19 Patients With Acute Respiratory Failure by Assessing Serum Lactate Concentration, PaO2/FiO2 Ratio, and Body Temperature
Fridman, S. E., Giampietro, P. D., Sensoli, A., Beleffi, M., Bucce, C., Salvatore, V., Giostra, F., & Gianstefani, A. (2022) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.21987 · Cited by 8
Genomic Surveillance and Mutation Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Variants among Patients in Saudi Arabia
Alsuwairi, F. A., Alsaleh, A. N., Obeid, D. A., Al-Qahtani, A. A., Almaghrabi, R. S., Alahideb, B. M., AlAbdulkareem, M. A., Alsanea, M. S., Alharbi, L., Althawadi, S., et al. (2024) · Microorganisms · doi:10.3390/microorganisms12030467 · Cited by 7
Epidemiology of 4963 deaths associated with COVID‐19 during three pandemic waves in a Latin American city with a high mortality rate, 2020–2021
Cardenas, E. P. V., Triana, A. J., Mendoza, H., Buendía, E., & Viasus, D. (2021) · Tropical Medicine & International Health · doi:10.1111/tmi.13707 · Cited by 7
COVID-19 and Kidney Disease: A Clinical Perspective
Theofilis, P., Vordoni, A., & Kalaitzidis, R. (2022) · Current Vascular Pharmacology · doi:10.2174/1570161120666220513103007 · Cited by 7
Role of hemogram-derived ratios in predicting intensive care unit admission in COVID-19 patients: a multicenter study
Asaduzzaman, M., Bhuia, M. R., Alam, Z. N., Bari, M. Z. J., & Ferdousi, T. (2022) · IJID Regions · doi:10.1016/j.ijregi.2022.04.011 · Cited by 7
Comparison of Dose–Response Relationships for Two Isolates of SARS-CoV-2 in a Nonhuman Primate Model of Inhalational COVID-19
Dabisch, P. A., Sanjak, J. S., Boydston, J. A., Yeager, J. J., Herzog, A., Biryukov, J., Beck, K., Do, D. C., Seman, B. G., Green, B., et al. (2022) · Journal of Aerosol Medicine and Pulmonary Drug Delivery · doi:10.1089/jamp.2022.0043 · Cited by 6
Secuelas post-COVID-19 en adultos de Latinoamérica.
Granoble, I. G. G., Intriago, M. F. L., & Díaz, S. A. (2023) · MQRInvestigar · doi:10.56048/mqr20225.7.1.2023.2778-2798 · Cited by 7
COVID-19: Variants, Immunity, and Therapeutics for Non-Hospitalized Patients
Lee, C. Y. S., & Suzuki, J. B. (2023) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines11072055 · Cited by 7
Evaluation of various blood biomarkers associated with the outcomes of patients with COVID‑19 treated in intensive care units
Genç, S., Taghizadehghalehjoughi, A., Naldan, M. E., Gülcü, O., Çağlayan, C., Spanakis, M., Νikolouzakis, Τ. Κ., Alegakis, A. K., Docea, A. O., Drocaș, A. I., et al. (2024) · Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine · doi:10.3892/etm.2024.12371 · Cited by 7
Is SARS-CoV-2 elimination or mitigation best? Regional and disease characteristics determine the recommended strategy
Martignoni, M. M., Arino, J., & Hurford, A. (2024) · Royal Society Open Science · doi:10.1098/rsos.240186 · Cited by 7
Efficacy and Safety of Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir in Severe Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 and in Patients at High Risk for Progression to Critical Illness: A Real-World Study
Chen, X., Zhu, Y., Shen, L., Zhou, D., Feng, N., & Tong, Q. (2024) · Journal of Intensive Care Medicine · doi:10.1177/08850666241228841 · Cited by 6
Rapid progression of CD8 and CD4 T cells to cellular exhaustion and senescence during SARS-CoV2 infection
Pedroso, R., Torres, L., Ventura, L. H. D. A., Camatta, G. C., Mota, C., Mendes, A. C., Ribeiro, F., Guimarães, H. C., Barbuto, R. C., Caixeta, F., et al. (2024) · Journal of Leukocyte Biology · doi:10.1093/jleuko/qiae180 · Cited by 9
National geographical pattern of COVID-19 hospitalization, case fatalities, and associated factors in patients covered by Iran Health Insurance Organization
Damiri, S., Shojaee, A., Dehghani, M., Shahali, Z., Abbasi, S., & Daroudi, R. (2022) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-022-13649-0 · Cited by 6
Predictive Factors of Mortality in Patients with Severe COVID-19 Treated in the Intensive Care Unit: A Single-Center Study in Vietnam
Duong‐Quy, S., Huynh-Truong-Anh, D., Nguyen-Thi-Kim, T., Nguyen-Quang, T., Tran-Ngoc-Anh, T., Nguyen-Van-Hoai, N., Do-Thi-Thu, M., Nguyen-Chi, T., Nguyen-Van, T., Tang-Thi-Thao, T., et al. (2023) · Pulmonary Therapy · doi:10.1007/s41030-023-00231-1 · Cited by 6
Effect of Hepatic Impairment on the Pharmacokinetics of Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir, the First Oral Protease Inhibitor for the Treatment of COVID‐19
Singh, R. S. P., LaBadie, R. R., Toussi, S. S., Shi, H., Berg, J. K., Neutel, J. M., & Aggarwal, S. (2023) · The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1002/jcph.2353 · Cited by 7
Relationship of Serum Zinc Levels with Cardiometabolic Traits in Overweight and Obese Schoolchildren from Mexico City
Martínez-Navarro, I., Vilchis‐Gil, J., Cossío-Torres, P. E., Hernández‐Mendoza, H., Klünder‐Klünder, M., Layseca‐Espinosa, E., Galicia-Cruz, O. G., & Ríos-Lugo, M. J. (2022) · Biological Trace Element Research · doi:10.1007/s12011-022-03533-8 · Cited by 6
Clinical courses of 24,563 hospitalized COVID-19 patients during the first 12 months of the pandemic in the Central City of Iran
Namayandeh, S. M., Dehghan, H., Lotfi, M. H., Khajehaminian, M. R., Hosseini, S., Bahrevar, V., Jarrahi, A., & Majidpour, F. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-32292-2 · Cited by 6
Impact of Negative Fluid Balance on Mortality and Outcome of Patients with Confirmed COVID‐19
Eftekhar, S. P., Sepidarkish, M., Maleh, P. A., Jafaripour, I., Goudarzi, M. T. H., Amin, K., Pourkia, R., Abroutan, S., Saravi, M., Jalali, F., et al. (2023) · Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology · doi:10.1155/2023/6957341 · Cited by 5
Hospital Admission Factors Independently Affecting the Risk of Mortality of COVID-19 Patients
Paciorek, M., Bieńkowski, C., Kowalska, J. D., Skrzat‐Klapaczyńska, A., Bednarska, A., Krogulec, D., Cholewińska, G., Kowalski, J., Podlasin, R. B., Ropelewska-Łącka, K., et al. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm12196264 · Cited by 5
Machine Learning-Based Prediction of COVID-19 Prognosis Using Clinical and Hematologic Data
Kamel, F. O., Magadmi, R. M., Qutub, S., Badawi, M. A., Badawi, M., Madani, T. A., Alhothali, A., Abozinadah, E., Bakhshwin, D., Jamal, M., et al. (2023) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.50212 · Cited by 5
Retracted
Is There a Relationship Between ADHD and COVID-19 Prevalence and Mortality Indices? An Analysis of Data From 156 Countries
Rajkumar, R. P. (2021) · Journal of Attention Disorders · doi:10.1177/10870547211056894 · Cited by 5
Development and validation of a clinical predictive model for severe and critical pediatric COVID-19 infection
Wong, J. J., Abbas, Q., Liauw, F., Malisie, R. F., Gan, C. S., Abid, M. B., Efar, P., Gloriana, J., Chuah, S. L., Sultana, R., et al. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0275761 · Cited by 6
The effectiveness of COVID deaths to COVID policies: A robust conditional approach
Gearhart, R. S., Michieka, N. M., & Anders, A. I. M. A. (2023) · Economic Analysis and Policy · doi:10.1016/j.eap.2023.06.026 · Cited by 5
Hemoglobinopathies and COVID-19: The Experience of a Center in Northern Greece
Varelas, C., Gavriilaki, E., Sakellari, I., Klonizakis, P., Anagnostopoulos, Α., Τσάπας, Α., & Vlachaki, E. (2022) · Hemoglobin · doi:10.1080/03630269.2022.2090377 · Cited by 5
Reclassification and weighting of multiple causes of death: US death certificates 2003–2023
Levitt, M., Marten, B., Oren, G., & Ioannidis, J. P. A. (2026) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2604493123 · Cited by 4
Computational and Bioinformatics Approaches for Identifying Comorbidities of COVID-19 Using Transcriptomic Data
Omit, S. B. S., Mohiuddin, M., Akhter, S., Imam, H., Habib, A. K. M. M. K., Hossain, S. M. M., & Podder, N. K. (2024) · Journal of Engineering Research and Sciences · doi:10.55708/js0304004 · Cited by 4
Can periodontitis affect the COVID-19 severity, symptoms, hospital stay, and mortality? A case–control study
Macherla, S., Chopra, A., Ramanarayanan, V., Das, R. S., & Garg, R. (2024) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2024.1421380 · Cited by 4
Factors associated with prolonged hospitalizations for COVID-19 during the first three waves of the pandemic: Evidence from a Southeastern State of Brazil
Garbin, J. R. T., Leite, F. M. C., dos Santos, A. P. B., Dell’Antonio, L. S., Dell’Antonio, C. S. D. S., & Lopes‐Júnior, L. C. (2025) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0332128 · Cited by 4
Factores asociados a mortalidad en pacientes críticos con COVID-19 en un centro universitario de Paraguay
Figuérédo, B., Samudio, M., Fretes, F., Delgado, R., Ibarra, D., Pederzani, M., Caballero, R., Fontclara, L., Galeano, N., & Bianco, H. (2023) · Revista chilena de infectología · doi:10.4067/s0716-10182023000300257 · Cited by 4
Risk factors for severe COVID-19 outcomes in LATAM countries in the post-vaccination era: an analysis of national surveillance data in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, and Mexico
Julian, G. S., Spinardi, J., Diaz-Puentes, M., Ospina, D. B., Caballero, N., Goularte, V., & Kyaw, M. H. (2025) · Journal of Global Health · doi:10.7189/jogh.15.04141 · Cited by 4
Smoking status and SARS-CoV-2 infection severity among Lebanese adults: a cross-sectional study
Hoballah, A., Haidari, R. E., Badran, R., Jaber, A., Mansour, S., & Abbas, L. A. (2022) · BMC Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1186/s12879-022-07728-1 · Cited by 4
Evaluation of Salivary Galectin-3 Level and its Potential Role in Increasing the Severity of COVID-19 Infection in Patients with Periodontitis
Rajaram, V., Sudhakar, U., Ravindran, N., Mithradas, N., Ram, V. S., Warrier, V. D., Asirvatham, S. L., & Saket, P. (2023) · World Journal of Dentistry · doi:10.5005/jp-journals-10015-2169 · Cited by 4
The Wellbeing of Healthcare Workers during COVID-19 Era in Public Primary Health Facilities in Johannesburg, South Africa
Makhado, G., Ntuli, B., Zungu, L. I., Thovhogi, N., Mphekgwana, P. M., Lebelo, S. L., Madiba, S., & Modjadji, P. (2024) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph21030372 · Cited by 6
COVID-19 in-hospital Mortality: A Concise Worldwide Review
(2021) · Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health Reports · doi:10.38207/jcmphr20210073 · Cited by 4
The epidemiology of long COVID in US adults two years after the start of the US SARS-CoV-2 pandemicPreprint
Robertson, M. M., Qasmieh, S. A., Kulkarni, S., Teasdale, C. A., Jones, H. E., McNairy, M. L., Borrell, L. N., & Nash, D. (2022) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2022.09.12.22279862 · Cited by 4
Editorial: Covid-19 and obesity
Guglielmi, V., Ghoch, M. E., Bettini, S., & Holly, J. M. P. (2022) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2022.1122274 · Cited by 4
Effect of chronic diseases on willingness to receive the second COVID-19 vaccine booster dose among cancer patients: A multicenter cross-sectional survey in China
Li, M., Ren, Y., Liu, P., Wang, J., Wang, Y., Xu, J., & Yang, J. (2023) · American Journal of Infection Control · doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2023.11.011 · Cited by 3
Omics for searching plasma biomarkers associated with unfavorable COVID-19 progression in hypertensive patients
Sánchez, A., García‐Pardo, G., Martí, A., Gómez-Bertomeu, F., Chafino, S., Massanella, M., Flores-Piñas, M., Cedó, L., Vidal, F., Peraire, J., et al. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-94725-4 · Cited by 3
What is the impact of previous cerebrovascular disease on critical COVID-19 patients' mortality? A prospective cohort study
Teixeira‐Vaz, A., Rocha, A., da Costa, A. G., Moreira, T. S., Reis, D., Oliveira, M., Silva, A. I., & Paiva, J. A. (2022) · Journal of the Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.jns.2022.120382 · Cited by 3
Changes in non-communicable diseases, diet and exercise in a rural Bangladesh setting before and after the first wave of COVID-19
King, C., Shaha, S. K., Morrison, J., Ahmed, N., Kuddus, A., Pires, M., Nahar, T., Hossin, R., Haghparast‐Bidgoli, H., Khan, A., et al. (2022) · PLOS Global Public Health · doi:10.1371/journal.pgph.0001110 · Cited by 3
Characteristics of hospitalised COVID-19 patients during the first two pandemic waves, Gauteng
Sikhosana, M. L., Jassat, W., & Makatini, Z. (2022) · Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.4102/sajid.v37i1.434 · Cited by 3
The Influence of Comorbidities, General Health Status, and Self-Care Self-Efficacy on COVID-19 Symptoms During the Omicron Wave
Jose, M. M., Feng, J., Nguyen, H., Juneau, C., Manakatt, B. M., Barnett, J., Jones, J., & Raji, M. A. (2023) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.49176 · Cited by 2
Dynamic changes of hematological and hemostatic parameters in COVID-19 hospitalized patients: Potential role as severity biomarkers for the Chilean population
Letelier, P. J., Delgado, H. E., Garrido, F., Quiñones, F., San, M., Hernández, L., Garcés, P., Guzmán-Oyarzo, D., Boguen, R. E., Hernandez, A., et al. (2024) · Journal of Medical Biochemistry · doi:10.5937/jomb0-47588 · Cited by 3
Intolerance of Uncertainty as a Situational Vulnerability Factor in the Context of the Pandemic: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of COVID‐19‐Related Psychological Impacts
Akbari, M., Seydavi, M., Zamani, E., Jamshidi, S., & Freeston, M. H. (2024) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.3046 · Cited by 4
Single-dose tolerability and pharmacokinetics of leritrelvir in Chinese patients with hepatic impairment and healthy matched controls
Li, C., Mai, J., Wu, M., Zhang, H., Li, X., Li, H., Li, Y., & Ding, Y. (2024) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.01377-24 · Cited by 3
Biomedicine in the COVID Age: Opportunities, Responses, and Challenges
Rao, G. H. R. (2021) · International Journal of Biomedicine · doi:10.21103/article11(3)_ra1 · Cited by 3
The Role of NEWS2 + Lactate + D-Dimer in Predicting Intensive Care Unit Admission and In-Hospital Mortality of COVID-19 Patients.
Küçükceran, K., Ayrancı, M. K., Dündar, Z. D., Keklik, M. İ., & Vatansev, H. (2022) · PubMed Central · doi:10.6705/j.jacme.202206_12(2).0003 · Cited by 3
Modeling the impact of surveillance activities combined with physical distancing interventions on COVID-19 epidemics at a local level
Chen, G., Palmer, J. R. B., Bartumeus, F., & Alba, A. (2022) · Infectious Disease Modelling · doi:10.1016/j.idm.2022.11.001 · Cited by 2
Perfil de mortalidade por COVID-19 durante os primeiros 15 meses da pandemia
Borges, L. P., da Silva, H. S., Silva, J. R. S., & Guimarães, A. G. (2021) · Research Society and Development · doi:10.33448/rsd-v10i16.23924 · Cited by 3
Development of a risk assessment profile tool to determine appropriate use of SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen detection tests for different activities and events in Ireland, since October 2021
Mallon, P. W. G., Horgan, M., McAloon, C. G., Lunn, P. D., Little, J., Beck, A., Bennett, A., Shaver, N., Conway, A., O’Regan, R., et al. (2022) · Eurosurveillance · doi:10.2807/1560-7917.es.2022.27.3.2101202 · Cited by 3
County-Level Life Expectancy Change: A Novel Metric for Monitoring Public Health
Chandran, A., Purbey, R., Leifheit, K. M., Evans, K. M., Baez, J. V., & Althoff, K. N. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph191710672 · Cited by 2
Prognostic value of IL18 serum levels in COVID-19 Patients at Beni- Suef University Hospital
El-Sagheer, N., Gomaa, A. A., Alsharaway, L. A., & Abdel-Aziz, M. (2022) · Egyptian Journal of Medical Research · doi:10.21608/ejmr.2022.259009 · Cited by 2
Effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in a large European hemodialysis cohort
Bernardo, A. P., Carioni, P., Stuard, S., Kotanko, P., Usvyat, L. A., Kovarova, V., Árkossy, O., Bellocchio, F., Tupputi, A., Gervasoni, F., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Nephrology · doi:10.3389/fneph.2022.1037754 · Cited by 1
Characteristics, Outcomes, and Factors Affecting Mortality in Hospitalized Patients with CAP Due to Different Variants of SARS-CoV-2 and Non-COVID-19 CAP
Tongsengkee, N., Surasombatpattana, S., Tanomkiat, W., Siripaitoon, P., Kositpantawong, N., Kanchanasuwan, S., Navasakulpong, A., Pinpathomrat, N., Dechaphunkul, A., Phongphithakchai, A., et al. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm12041388 · Cited by 2
Impact of Comorbidity on the Duration from Symptom Onset to Death in Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Retrospective Study of 104,753 Cases in Pakistan
Zhou, H., Wang, J., Asghar, N., Liang, B., Song, Q., & Zhou, X. (2023) · Diseases · doi:10.3390/diseases11040176 · Cited by 2
Silver Linings: A Qualitative Analysis of Nursing Home Innovations Accelerated by the COVID-19 Pandemic
Johs-Artisensi, J. L., Hawes, F. M., & Creapeau, L. J. G. (2023) · Journal of Health and Human Services Administration · doi:10.37808/jhhsa.46.2.1 · Cited by 2
Impact Of body Mass Index on Cardiopulmonary Outcomes of COVID-19 Hospitalizations Complicated by Severe Sepsis
Neppala, S., Chigurupati, H. D., Mopuru, N. N., Alle, N. R., James, A., Bhalodia, A. R., Shaik, S., Bandaru, R. R., Nanjundappa, A., Sunkara, P., et al. (2024) · Obesity Pillars · doi:10.1016/j.obpill.2024.100101 · Cited by 2
Estimates of hospitalisations and deaths in patients with COVID-19 associated with undiagnosed diabetes during the first phase of the pandemic in eight low-income and middle-income countries: a modelling study
Summan, A., Nandi, A., Wahl, B., Carmona, S., Ongarello, S., Vetter, B., & Laxminarayan, R. (2024) · EClinicalMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102492 · Cited by 2
The epidemiology and treatment outcomes of COVID‐19 patients admitted to an intensive care unit in an Iranian hospital in Neyshabur city
Yazdanpanah, F., Jackson, A. C., Sanaie, N., Sharifi, F., Shamshirgaran, S. M., & Bahramnezhad, F. (2024) · Health Science Reports · doi:10.1002/hsr2.2049 · Cited by 2
Safety and Efficacy of Ephedrine Alkaloids-Free Ephedra Herb Extract (EFE) for Mild COVID-19: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Comparative Trial
Odaguchi, H., Hyuga, S., Sekine, M., Michimae, H., Hyuga, M., Uchiyama, N., Uema, M., Kumagai, Y., Suzuki, Y., Nabeshima, S., et al. (2025) · Microorganisms · doi:10.3390/microorganisms13030641 · Cited by 2
Modelling the joint association of socio-economic disadvantage, diabetes, and obesity on COVID-19 mortality in Greater Mexico City
Lome-Hurtado, A., & Soto-Pérez, M. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-08615-w · Cited by 2
ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN PUBLIK DALAM DERAJAT KESEHATAN DI PAPUA
Tambaip, B., & Tjilen, A. P. (2023) · Jurnal Kebijakan Publik · doi:10.31258/jkp.v14i1.8232 · Cited by 2
Potential Association of Hypernatremia With Mortality in Patients With Acute Kidney Injury and COVID-19
Atlani, M. K., Kumar, A., Pakhare, A. P., Singhai, A., & Gadwala, R. (2022) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.27530 · Cited by 2
The effects of meteorological factors on the COVID-19 omicron variant in Bangladesh
Miah, M. M., Faruk, M. O., Pingki, F. H., & Neyma, M. A. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Health Research · doi:10.1080/09603123.2022.2154326 · Cited by 2
Global surgery and global health: One size does not fit all
Shah, J. N., Shah, J., Shah, J., Subedi, D. D., Regmi, P., Sharma, P., Shrestha, A., & Pradhan, N. M. S. (2022) · Journal of Patan Academy of Health Sciences · doi:10.3126/jpahs.v9i2.49061 · Cited by 2
Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in a Brazilian public hospital
Pinheiro, F. D., Lopes, L. W., Dórea, R. S. D. M., Araújo, G. R. L., da Silva, F. A. F., de Brito, B. B., Santos, M. L. C., Júnior, G. M. S., Barcia, M. T. A. D. L., Marques, R. D. A., et al. (2023) · World Journal of Clinical Cases · doi:10.12998/wjcc.v11.i8.1761 · Cited by 2
Prevalence and impact of comorbidities in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: a study from Saudi Arabia
Alqahtani, S. M., Saglan, N. S. A., Shehri, A. A. A., Hawan, A., Dafalla, B. A. A., Mohamed, N. A. S., Kadasah, A. S., Qureshi, M. A., Al-Shahrani, N. A., Alfaifi, A., et al. (2023) · Egyptian Journal of Bronchology · doi:10.1186/s43168-023-00211-8 · Cited by 2
Vaccine Effectiveness Against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Reinfection by Type and Frequency of Vaccine: A Community-Based Case-Control Study
Gim, H., Seo, H., & Chun, B. C. (2024) · Journal of Korean Medical Science · doi:10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e174 · Cited by 2
Delphi Panel Consensus Statement Generation: COVID-19 Vaccination Recommendations for Immunocompromised Populations in the European Union
Paranilam, J., Arcioni, F., Franco, A., Lai, K. Z. H., Brown, J. A., & Kimball-Carroll, S. (2024) · Infectious Diseases and Therapy · doi:10.1007/s40121-024-01051-9 · Cited by 1
COVID-19: neurologische Manifestationen – Update
Garner, M., Reith, W., & Yılmaz, U. (2021) · Der Radiologe · doi:10.1007/s00117-021-00907-2 · Cited by 2
Epidemiology of COVID-19: What changed in one year?
Bulut, C., & Kato, Y. (2021) · TURKISH JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES · doi:10.3906/sag-2110-153 · Cited by 2
Flight attendant occupational nutrition and lifestyle factors associated with COVID-19 incidence
Yamamoto, J. J., Brandley, E. T., & Ulrich, T. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-04350-0
COVID-19 INDUCES SENESCENCE AND EXHAUSTION OF T CELLS IN PATIENTS WITH MILD/MODERATE AND SEVERE DISEASE DURING A SEVEN-DAY INTERVALPreprint
Pedroso, R. B., Ventura, L. H. D. A., Torres, L., Camatta, G. C., Caixeta, F., Nascimento, L. S., Mota, C., Mendes, A. C., Ribeiro, F., Guimarães, H. C., et al. (2023) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2023.01.16.23284612 · Cited by 2
Mortality by cause of death in Brazil: effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and contribution to changes in life expectancy at birthPreprint
Fernandes, F., Turra, C. M., de França, G. V. A., & Castro, M. C. (2023) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2023.02.13.23285842 · Cited by 2
O IMPACTO DA PANDEMIA DA COVID-19 NA PRÁTICA DE EXERCÍCIO FÍSICO E O RISCO DE DESENVOLVIMENTO DE SARCOPENIA EM IDOSOS
Korn, R., Mello, B., Sagawa, Y., & Soares, A. V. (2023) · Revista de Estudos Interdisciplinares · doi:10.56579/rei.v5i6.594 · Cited by 1
Relation of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 markers in COVID-19 patients in Kirkuk province
Albarzanji, Z. N. M., Wahid, N. M., Shaker, N. B., & Al-Bayati, Z. M. (2024) · Human Antibodies · doi:10.3233/hab-240027 · Cited by 1
Electronic health records reveal that COVID-19 impacted health resources and survival of Basque population
Cruces‐Salguero, S., Larrañaga, I., Mar, J., & Matheu, A. (2024) · Aging Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1007/s40520-024-02884-7 · Cited by 1
Midterm Effects of SARS-CoV-2 on Respiratory Function in Judokas With and Without Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction: A Retrospective Study
Bostancı, Ö., Karaduman, E., Yılmaz, A. K., Kabadayı, M., & Bilgiç, S. (2024) · Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine · doi:10.1097/jsm.0000000000001312 · Cited by 1
Mortality by Cause of Death in Brazil: A Research Note on the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Contribution to Changes in Life Expectancy at Birth
Fernandes, F., Turra, C. M., de França, G. V. A., & Castro, M. C. (2025) · Demography · doi:10.1215/00703370-11862487 · Cited by 4
Impact of Hypertension and Antihypertensive Treatment on COVID-19 Severity: A Retrospective Observational Study in Ternopil Region, Ukraine
Hrebenyk, M. V., Maslii, S., Shevchuk, O., Komorovsky, R., & Korda, M. M. (2025) · Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management · doi:10.2147/tcrm.s527151 · Cited by 1
Machine learning-based approach to guide the choice between baricitinib and tocilizumab in critical COVID-19 pneumonia treatment: a retrospective cohort study
Chang, E., Kim, M.-S., Park, Y. K., Kwon, K., Jang, H. M., Lim, S. Y., Bae, S., Jung, J., Kim, M. J., Chong, Y. P., et al. (2026) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2025.1734109 · Cited by 1
Constructing an AI-Driven Meta-Theory of SME Resilience and Strategic Agility: A Computational Synthesis of Global Research
Kaya, E. Ç., & Yalçın, H. (2026) · Administrative Sciences · doi:10.3390/admsci16050236 · Cited by 1
Polymorbidity in seniors hospitalized for COVID-19
Dúbrava, M., Jánošiová, J., BORUCKY, J., KOROMHAZOVA, A., MAJEKOVA, J., STUGELOVA, K., VALENTOVA, M., & Šuba, J. (2022) · Bratislavské lekárske listy/Bratislava medical journal · doi:10.4149/bll_2022_053 · Cited by 1
Occupational Health and Safety in the Healthcare Sector
Modenese, A., & Gobba, F. (2022) · MDPI eBooks · doi:10.3390/books978-3-0365-4593-6 · Cited by 1
Analyzing Mid-to-Long Term Mortality Rates and Associated Factors of Geriatric Patients with Hip Fractures during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Single Centre Prospective Study
Gencer, B., & DOĞAN, Ö. (2022) · Acibadem Universitesi Saglik Bilimleri Dergisi · doi:10.31067/acusaglik.1034439 · Cited by 1
Genetics, shared environment, or individual experience? A cross-sectional study of the health status following SARS-CoV-2 infection in monozygotic and dizygotic twins
Rupp, S. K., Weimer, K., Goebel‐Stengel, M., Enck, P., Zipfel, S., & Stengel, A. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1048676 · Cited by 1
Evaluation of the Effects of Interleukin-6, C-reactive Protein and Procalcitonin on the Prognosis of the Disease in Patients with COVID-19
Vural, D. G., Usta, B., Daştan, M. S. E., Çaycı, Y. T., Bılgın, K., Bilek, H. C., & Bırıncı, A. (2022) · Turkish Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4274/tji.galenos.2022.70298 · Cited by 1
Clinical and laboratory COVID-19 features in hospitalized patients with concomitant diabetes mellitus type 2: A retrospective study
Abilbayeva, A., Tarabayeva, A., Idrisova, G., Abdrakhmanova, A. K., Sadykova, A., Yegemberdiyeva, R. A., & Duisenova, A. (2022) · Journal of Clinical Medicine of Kazakhstan · doi:10.23950/jcmk/12719 · Cited by 1
THE PREDICTORS OF IN-HOSPITAL MORTALITY IN HYPERTENSIVE ELDERLY INTENSIVE CARE UNIT PATIENTS WITH CORONAVIRUS DISEASE 2019
Çetin, N. (2022) · The Turkish Journal of Geriatrics · doi:10.31086/tjgeri.2022.311 · Cited by 1
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on some modifiable risk factors of dementia in an aging, rural Indian population
Sundarakumar, J. S., Abhishek, M. L., Malo, P. K., Ravindranath, V., & Collaborators, O. B. O. S. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2023.954557 · Cited by 1
Clinical and economic impact of COVID-19 on people with obesity in a Spanish cohort during the first pandemic peak
Torrego-Ellacuría, M., Rubio-Herrera, M. A., González López-Valcarcel, B., Fuentes, M. E., Martín, V., Poyato, F., Pérez, P. B., Santucci, C., Nuñez, A., González-Pérez, C., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2023.1146517 · Cited by 1
Diabetes and Infection
Atreja, A., Kalra, S., & Rodríguez‐Saldaña, J. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-25519-9_47 · Cited by 1
COVID-19 Among Patients with Psoriasis: A Single-Center Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study
KAYA, Ö. B., Keskinkaya, Z., MERMUTLU, S. I., Kiliç, S. O., & Cakir, H. (2023) · Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.36519/idcm.2023.192 · Cited by 1
Population-level differences in COVID-19 prevalence, severity, and clinical outcome
Dasgupta, I., Saini, S., Khan, M. A., & Chaudhary, K. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-18769-8.00008-8 · Cited by 4
Molecular Basis of Host-Virus Interactions to Explain Relative Transmission and Severity Caused by Omicron and Delta variants of SARS-CoV-2
Joshi, V., Shareef, B., Angel, B., Angel, A., Joshi, R., Khan, A., Khaneja, P., Peer, N., Sharma, B., Singh, N., et al. (2023) · Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology · doi:10.22207/jpam.17.3.22 · Cited by 1
PREDICTORS OF MORTALITY OF COVID-19 INFECTED PATIENTS WITH ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY
Nariswari, A. P., Tandarto, K., & Tjempakasari, A. (2023) · Journal of Health and Translational Medicine · doi:10.22452/jummec.vol26no2.27 · Cited by 1

Authors: Thakur, B., Dubey, P., Benitez, J., Torres, J. P., Reddy, S., Shokar, N., Aung, K., Mukherjee, D., & Dwivedi, A. K.
Affiliations: Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center (US)
Texas Tech University (US)
Corresponding author: Dwivedi, Alok Kumar
ORCID: Thakur, Bhaskar
Dubey, Pallavi
Reddy, Sireesha
Shokar, Navkiran
Aung, Koko
Mukherjee, Debabrata
Dwivedi, Alok Kumar
Venue: Scientific Reports
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2021-04-20
Volume: 11
Issue: 1
Pages: 8562-8562
ISSN: 2045-2322 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88130-w
PMC: PMC8058064
OpenAlex: W3152572687
Cited by: 284
References: 59
Citations by year: 2026: 11 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 53 · 2023: 66 · 2022: 95 · 2021: 41
FWCI: 7.45
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 (tdm)
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 (vor)
Locations: Scientific Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Modeling and Simulation › COVID-19 epidemiological studies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
Keywords: COVID-19 pandemic, comorbidities, disease severity, mortality, regional variation, hypertension, obesity, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, cerebrovascular disease, age differences, sex differences, risk stratification
MeSH terms: COVID-19, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Asia, Europe, Female, Humans, Latin America, Male, Severity of Illness Index, Sex Factors, Comorbidity, Prevalence

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

A systematic review and meta-analysis of geographic differences in comorbidities and associated severity and mortality among individuals with COVID-19

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Figures

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks