The DOI matches its Crossref record; 32 of the 32 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Greenhouse gas emissions from global production and use of nitrogen synthetic fertilisers in agriculture
Open accessAbstract
The global agri-food system relies on synthetic nitrogen (N) fertilisation to increase crop yields, yet the use of synthetic N fertiliser is unsustainable. In this study we estimate global greenhouse (GHG) emissions due to synthetic N fertiliser manufacture, transportation, and field use in agricultural systems. By developing the largest field-level dataset available on N 2 O soil emissions we estimate national, regional and global N 2 O direct emission factors (EFs), while we retrieve from the literature the EFs for indirect N 2 O soil emissions, and for N fertiliser manufacturing and transportation. We find that the synthetic N fertiliser supply chain was responsible for estimated emissions of 1.13 GtCO 2 e in 2018, representing 10.6% of agricultural emissions and 2.1% of global GHG emissions. Synthetic N fertiliser production accounted for 38.8% of total synthetic N fertiliser-associated emissions, while field emissions accounted for 58.6% and transportation accounted for the remaining 2.6%. The top four emitters together, China, India, USA and EU28 accounted for 62% of the total. Historical trends reveal the great disparity in total and per capita N use in regional food production. Reducing overall production and use of synthetic N fertilisers offers large mitigation potential and in many cases realisable potential to reduce emissions.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Planetary boundaries: Guiding human development on a changing planet
Steffen, W., Richardson, K., Rockström, J., Cornell, S. E., Fetzer, I., Bennett, E. M., Biggs, R., Carpenter, S. R., de Vries, W., de Wit, C. A., et al. (2015) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1259855 · Cited by 12,527
Food systems are responsible for a third of global anthropogenic GHG emissions
Crippa, M., Solazzo, E., Guizzardi, D., Monforti-Ferrario, F., Tubiello, F. N., & Leip, A. (2021) · Nature Food · doi:10.1038/s43016-021-00225-9 · Cited by 3,190
Closing yield gaps through nutrient and water management
Mueller, N. D., Gerber, J. S., Johnston, M., Ray, D. K., Ramankutty, N., & Foley, J. A. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature11420 · Cited by 2,827
A comprehensive quantification of global nitrous oxide sources and sinks
Tian, H., Xu, R., Canadell, J. G., Thompson, R. L., Winiwarter, W., Suntharalingam, P., Davidson, E. A., Ciais, P., Jackson, R. B., Janssens-Maenhout, G., et al. (2020) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2780-0 · Cited by 1,959
Shcherbak, I., Millar, N., & Robertson, G. P. (2014) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1322434111 · Cited by 1,204
Global food system emissions could preclude achieving the 1.5° and 2°C climate change targets
Clark, M. A., Domingo, N. G. G., Colgan, K., Thakrar, S. K., Tilman, D., Lynch, J., Azevedo, I. L., & Hill, J. D. (2020) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aba7357 · Cited by 1,116
Contribution of the land sector to a 1.5 °C world
Roe, S., Streck, C., Obersteiner, M., Frank, S., Griscom, B., Drouet, L., Fricko, O., Gusti, M., Harris, N., Hasegawa, T., et al. (2019) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/s41558-019-0591-9 · Cited by 619
Organic farming enhances soil microbial abundance and activity—A meta-analysis and meta-regression
Lori, M., Symnaczik, S., Mäder, P., De Deyn, G., & Gattinger, A. (2017) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0180442 · Cited by 601
Acceleration of global N2O emissions seen from two decades of atmospheric inversion
Thompson, R. L., Lassaletta, L., Patra, P. K., Wilson, C., Wells, K. C., Gressent, A., Koffi, E. N., Chipperfield, M. P., Winiwarter, W., Davidson, E. A., et al. (2019) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/s41558-019-0613-7 · Cited by 465
Climate change responses benefit from a global food system approach
Rosenzweig, C., Mbow, C., Barioni, L. G., Benton, T. G., Herrero, M., Krishnapillai, M., Liwenga, E. T., Pradhan, P., Rivera-Ferre, M. G., Sapkota, T., et al. (2020) · Nature Food · doi:10.1038/s43016-020-0031-z · Cited by 445
Cited by
Nguyen, T. T., Grote, U., Neubacher, F., Rahut, D. B., Do, M. H., & Paudel, G. P. (2023) · Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability · doi:10.1016/j.cosust.2023.101322 · Cited by 431
Design and regulation of engineered bacteria for environmental release
Chemla, Y., Sweeney, C. J., Wozniak, C. A., & Voigt, C. A. (2025) · Nature Microbiology · doi:10.1038/s41564-024-01918-0 · Cited by 142
Metadata
- Authors
- Menegat, S., Ledo, A., & Tirado, R.
- Venue
- Scientific Reports
- Published
- 2022-08-25
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 14490-14490
- ISSN
- 2045-2322 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4293036424
- Cited by
- 523
- References
- 32
- FWCI
- 54.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Greenhouse gas emissions from global production and use of nitrogen synthetic fertilisers in agriculture. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1038/s41598-022-18773-w
- The paper
- Menegat, S., Ledo, A., & Tirado, R. (2022). Greenhouse gas emissions from global production and use of nitrogen synthetic fertilisers in agriculture. Scientific Reports. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-18773-w
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
