The DOI matches its Crossref record; 129 of the 129 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Metabolic Messengers: bile acids
Open accessAbstract
Bile acids (BAs) are amphipathic steroid acids whose production and diversity depend on both host and microbial metabolism. These metabolites have emerged as biologically active signalling molecules that inform organs of nutrient availability. Their actions, through activation of the dedicated BA receptors FXR and TGR5, control the body’s integrated physiological metabolic responses. Alterations in BA abundance or signalling are associated with metabolic diseases including obesity, type 2 diabetes, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and atherosclerosis. Consequently, modulation of the BA pool could be a valid therapeutic approach, as demonstrated in preclinical and clinical models. Here we provide a historical summary of the discovery of BAs and their receptors, as well as a summary on the role of BA signalling in the control of energy homeostasis. Perino and Schoonjans summarize the most recent literature on the receptor-mediated role of bile acid signalling in the control of peripheral and central energy homeostasis.
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“Peripheral BAs provide signals to the CNS indirectly via TGR5-dependent glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) pathway and the FXR-dependent fibroblast growth factor 15 or 19 (FGF15/19) pathway.350”
From Microbiota–gut–brain axis and its therapeutic applications in neurodegenerative diseases (2024) · cites this paper as [350]
In the citing paper
“However, non-reabsorbed primary BAs are converted by the gut microbiota into secondary BAs (deoxycholic acid, DCA, and lithocholic acid, LCA) via deconjugation and dehydroxylation, endowing them with new biological activities.20,350”
From Microbiota–gut–brain axis and its therapeutic applications in neurodegenerative diseases (2024) · cites this paper as [350]
In the citing paper
“Notably, the modification of gut microbiota, BA metabolism and activation of intestinal TGR5 by dioscin treatment led to enhanced secretion of GLP-1 in both the intestine and brain of MPTP-treated mice. This is coupled with reduced glial activation and amelioration of motor deficits.”
From Microbiota–gut–brain axis and its therapeutic applications in neurodegenerative diseases (2024) · cites this paper as [350]
Citations
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Calleja, A. A., Perino, A., Schyrr, F., Lopes, S. F., Delitsikou, V., Jalil, A., Kettenberger, U., Galavotti, M. C., Martins, A., Bataclan, C., et al. (2026) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.93124.2
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“This completes the enterohepatic circulation (Perino and Schoonjans, 2022).”
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“Patients with cirrhosis exhibit an abnormal bile acid profile, and the reduction in secondary BAs further weakens intestinal immune defense (Kakiyama et al., 2013; Ridlon et al., 2013; Perino et al., 2021; Perino and Schoonjans, 2022).”
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“FXR is a key regulator of BA homeostasis (Perino and Schoonjans 2022), whereas UGT-and SULT-related enzymes participate in the detoxification and elimination of hydrophobic BAs (Kastrinou Lampou et al. 2023; Meech et al. 2015).”
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“As steroids with amphiphilic characteristics and essential components of bile [13], BA plays significant roles in metabolism, exerts antibacterial effects, and facilitates lipid dissolution.”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Perino, A., & Schoonjans, K.
- Affiliations
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (CH)
- Corresponding author
- Schoonjans, Kristina
- Venue
- Nature Metabolism
- Published
- 2022-03-25
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 416-423
- ISSN
- 2522-5812 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4221038382
- Cited by
- 223
- References
- 126
- Citations by year
- 2026: 54 · 2025: 63 · 2024: 61 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 13
- FWCI
- 5.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- infoscience.epfl.ch
- Licence
- Locations
- Nature Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- AXA Research Fund
- Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung (SNSF N° 310030_189178, CRSII5_180317/1)
- Stiftelsen Kristian Gerhard Jebsen
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
- "la Caixa" Foundation (HR17-00601)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Keywords
- bile acids, bile acid receptors, farnesoid X receptor, TGR5, energy homeostasis, nutrient sensing, metabolic disorders, obesity, type 2 diabetes, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, atherosclerosis, bile acid signaling
- MeSH terms
- Bile Acids and Salts, Biochemical Phenomena, Liver, Signal Transduction
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