Coping with crowding.
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In experimental studies with captive primates, population density is sometimes associated with reduced aggression and increased tolerance.
“In experimental studies with captive primates, population density is sometimes associated with reduced aggression and increased tolerance (Aureli et al., 2000).”
From Hypotheses for the Evolution of Reduced Reactive Aggression in the Context of Human Self-Domestication (2019) · cites this paper as Aureli et al., 2000
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“Groups with a higher number of males seem to exhibit higher incidences of aggression (Alford et al., 1995), and larger groups (19–21 individuals) seem to sustain higher numbers of minor wounds than smaller groups (7–12 individuals) (Baker, Seres, Aureli, & de Waal, 2000).”
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“…primate populations, e.g., dominance rank, temperament, age, parturition number, density, early experience (Stevenson-Hinde et al., 1980; de Waal and Luttrell, 1989; Veenema et al., 1997; Berard, 1999; de Waal et al., 2000; Thierry et al., 2000; Zhang and Watanabe, 2007; Freeman and Gosling, 2010).”
BackgroundCoping with Acute Crowding by Cebus apella
van Wolkenten, M., Davis, J. M., Gong, M. L., et al. (2006) · International Journal of Primatology · doi:10.1007/s10764-006-9070-z · Cited by 31 · see citing works
“According to the model, animals respond to crowded conditions by modifying their behavior to reduce the number and severity of aggressive encounters (Aureli and de Waal, 1997; de Waal, 1989a; de Waal et al., 2000; Judge, 2000; Judge and de Waal, 1997).”
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“High-density housing conditions have been shown to modify animal behaviour [13,62].”
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“First, the relationship between the rate of a variety of patterns of social behavior in general and of reconciliation in particular and the size of the enclosure is complex and does not support the hypothesis that captivity causes a consistent elevation of the rates of aggression and reconciliation ( de Waal et al., 2…”
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“Conversely, prolonged space restriction may exacerbate the effect of other stressors, as in the case of the combination of high population density and Neighbor Effect ( de Waal et al., 2000; Aureli et al., 2001).”
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“Interestingly, when the roles were reversed and the once soaked cage mate had the opportunity to reciprocate the altruistic favor, the now freed rat opened the door for his soaked cage mate at a much faster rate [31], suggesting that experience in a negative stressful situation increases altruistic behavior; a pattern…”
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- Authors
- de Waal, F. B. M., Aureli, F., & Judge, P. G.
- Venue
- Scientific American
- Published
- 2000-05
- Volume
- 282
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 76-81
- ISSN
- 0036-8733 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2091823205
- Cited by
- 66
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 4.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Scientific American (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Ocean Engineering › Evacuation and Crowd Dynamics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Speech and Hearing › Noise Effects and Management
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Building and Construction › Urban Design and Spatial Analysis
- Keywords
- crowding, coping, social density
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Animals, Behavior, Animal, Pan troglodytes, Emotions, Female, Grooming, Homicide, Humans, Macaca mulatta, Male, Population Density, Primates, Rodentia, Rural Population, Territoriality, Urban Population, Violence
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