Cited by 359Child Nutrition and Water AccessNutritional Studies and DietNutrition, Health and Food Behavior

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Nutrient adequacy and dietary diversity in rural Mali: association and determinants

Torheim, L E, Ouattara, F, Diarra, M M, Thiam, F D, Barikmo, I, Hatløy, A, Oshaug, A·2004·European Journal of Clinical Nutrition

DOI 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601853

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Abstract

Objective To examine the association between nutrient adequacy and dietary diversity, and to assess and compare the determinants for the two constructs in an adult population in rural Mali.Design Cross-sectional study assessing food intake by a validated 7-day quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Two different dietary diversity indexes were created: food variety score (FVS), a simple count of food items, and diet diversity score (DDS) a count of food groups. Mean adequacy ratio, the mean ratio of intake to recommended intake (each truncated at one) of energy and nine nutrients, was calculated as an indicator of nutrient adequacy. Information on household and individual characteristics, including demography, socioeconomic conditions and food production strategies was obtained using precoded questionnaires.Setting Bafoulabé district, Kayes region, Western Mali.Subjects In total, 502 subjects (55% women) aged 15-45 y from 319 different households.Results Both FVS and DDS had a positive correlation with mean adequacy ratio (MAR). Multivariate analysis (linear regression) showed that the most important factors explaining MAR was the number of milk products, vegetables and green leaves consumed, as well as sex and the number of crops produced in the household. Dietary diversity was associated with socioeconomic status, residence and age.Conclusion Dietary diversity is useful as an indicator of nutrient adequacy. It is important to examine how various food groups contribute to the nutrient adequacy of the diet in an area.

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Authors: Torheim, L. E., Ouattara, F., Diarra, M. M., Thiam, F. D., Barikmo, I., Hatløy, A., & Oshaug, A.
Affiliations: OsloMet – Oslo Metropolitan University (NO)
Institut National de Recherche en Santé Publique (ML)
Ministère de la Santé et de l'Hygiène Publique (ML)
University of Bamako (ML)
Fafo Foundation (NO)
Corresponding author: Torheim, L E
ORCID: Torheim, L E
Hatløy, A
Venue: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2004-03-25
Volume: 58
Issue: 4
Pages: 594-604
ISSN: 0954-3007 (ISSN-L)
1476-5640
DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601853
OpenAlex: W2078112771
Cited by: 359
References: 26
Citations by year: 2026: 7 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 14
FWCI: 5.61
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
www.springer.com/tdm (vor)
Locations: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Child Nutrition and Water Access
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
Keywords: nutritional adequacy, dietary diversity, mean adequacy ratio, rural Mali, household food production, dairy products, vegetable consumption, socioeconomic status, food security
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diet, Diet Surveys, Female, Humans, Male, Mali, Middle Aged, Nutritional Status, Rural Population

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Nutrient adequacy and dietary diversity in rural Mali: association and determinants

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