Prevalence of primary hyperaldosteronism in moderate to severe hypertension in the Central Europe region
Abstract
Recently published studies from different parts of the world report significantly higher prevalence of primary hyperaldosteronism (PH) in hypertensives (ranging from 5 to 25%) than the previously accepted figures. There have been no data so far about the prevalence of PH in Central Europe. Therefore, we have undertaken this study to evaluate the prevalence of PH in patients with moderate to severe hypertension referred to a hypertension unit in the Czech Republic, together with the determination of the percentage of different subtypes of PH including familial forms. In addition to that, we have evaluated the prevalence of other types of secondary forms of hypertension.A total of 402 consecutive patients (230 females and 172 males) with hypertension, referred to our hypertension unit, were studied. Positive aldosterone/renin ratio (ARR, (ng/100 ml)/(ng/ml/h)) >/=50 as a more strict marker of PH was found in 87 patients (21.6%), 30% of them were normokalaemic. The diagnosis of PH was later confirmed in 77 cases (89%); the total prevalence of PH was thus 19%. PH consisted of the following forms: idiopathic hyperaldosteronism 42%, unilateral aldosterone-producing adenoma 36%, unilateral hyperplasia 7%, nonclassifiable PH (refused operation/adrenal venous sampling) 13%, familial hyperaldosteronism type 1.2%. The prevalence of other types of secondary hypertension was as follows: pheochromocytoma 5%, renovascular 4.5%, hypercortisolism 2%, renal 0.75%. In conclusion, we have noted that PH in the Central Europe region (Czech Republic) is the most frequent form of endocrine hypertension with a considerably high prevalence in moderate to severe hypertension. Application of more strict criteria raises the probability of correct diagnosis of PH including the early normokalaemic stages of PH.
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The majority of studies indicate that primary aldosteronism is a particularly common cause of resistant hypertension.
“The majority of studies indicate that primary aldosteronism is a particularly common cause of RH.”
From Resistant Hypertension: Detection, Evaluation, and Management: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2018) · cites this paper as [296]
Observational studies from many different countries have demonstrated a prevalence rate of primary aldosteronism of ≈20% in patients with confirmed resistant hypertension.
“Observational studies from many different countries have demonstrated a prevalence rate of primary aldosteronism of ≈20% in patients with confirmed RH.57,160,294–296”
From Resistant Hypertension: Detection, Evaluation, and Management: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2018) · cites this paper as [296]
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- Authors
- Štrauch, B., Zelinka, T., Hampf, M., Bernhardt, R., & Widimsky, J.
- Affiliations
- Charles University (CZ)
- Max Delbrück Center (DE)
- Saarland University (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Štrauch, B
- Venue
- Journal of Human Hypertension
- Published
- 2003-05-01
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 349-352
- ISSN
- 0950-9240 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-5527
- OpenAlex
- W2076825380
- Cited by
- 237
- References
- 17
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 4.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Human Hypertension (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Javna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RS
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal Regulation and Hypertension
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Renin-Angiotensin System Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Adrenal and Paraganglionic Tumors
- Keywords
- primary aldosteronism, prevalence, hypertension, aldosterone-renin ratio, idiopathic hyperaldosteronism, aldosterone-producing adenoma, adrenal hyperplasia, secondary hypertension, pheochromocytoma, renovascular hypertension, endocrine hypertension, Czech Republic
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Hyperaldosteronism, Hypertension, Male, Middle Aged, Severity of Illness Index, Prevalence, Czech Republic
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