Barrier Function and Water-Holding and Transport Properties of Infant Stratum Corneum Are Different from Adult and Continue to Develop through the First Year of Life
Open accessAbstract
Skin water barrier development begins in utero and is believed to be complete by week 34 of gestational age. The goal of this investigation was to assess the dynamic transport and distribution of water of the stratum corneum of infants and compare it to those of adults. The interaction of water with the stratum corneum was assessed by measuring capacitance, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), rates of absorption-desorption as well as Raman spectra as a function of depth (a total of 124 infants (3-12 months) and 104 adults (14-73 years)). The results show that capacitance, TEWL, and absorption-desorption rates had larger values consistently for infant stratum corneum throughout the first year of life and showed greater variation than those of adults. The Raman spectra analyzed for water and for the components of natural moisturizing factor (NMF) showed the distribution of water to be higher and have a steeper gradient in infants than in adults; the concentration of NMF was significantly lower in infants. The results suggest that although the stratum corneum of infants may appear intact shortly after birth (<1 month), the way it stores and transports water becomes adult-like only after the first year of life.
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FLG deficiency and increased TEWL are associated with skin barrier dysfunction and increased allergen sensitization.
“It is also well known that FLG deficiency and increased TEWL are associated with skin barrier dysfunction and increased allergen sensitization (20, 35, 63–65).”
From Particulate matter causes skin barrier dysfunction. (2021) · cites this paper as [63]
The Discussion (page unavailable) says TEWL is widely used as an indicator of barrier function, supporting that part of the claim. The paper does not address FLG deficiency or establish an association between increased TEWL and allergen sensitization; its Introduction mentions infants’ greater tendency toward allergic contact dermatitis, which is not the same finding. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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- Authors
- Nikolovski, J., Stamatas, G. N., Kollias, N., & Wiegand, B. C.
- Affiliations
- Johnson & Johnson (United States) (US)
- Corresponding author
- Wiegand, Benjamin C.
- Venue
- Journal of Investigative Dermatology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-07
- Volume
- 128
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1728-1736
- ISSN
- 0022-202X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2035912309
- Cited by
- 388
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 33 · 2015: 27 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 14.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Investigative Dermatology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmaceutical Science › Advancements in Transdermal Drug Delivery
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Speech and Hearing › Neonatal skin health care
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Dermatology and Skin Diseases
- Keywords
- water transport, transepidermal water loss, capacitance, natural moisturizing factor, skin development, first year of life, Raman spectroscopy, skin hydration
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Biological Transport, Body Water, Child, Preschool, Epidermis, Humans, Infant, Middle Aged, Skin Absorption
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