The DOI matches its Crossref record; 97 of the 97 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A proteomic study of serum from children with autism showing differential expression of apolipoproteins and complement proteins
Abstract
Modern methods that use systematic, quantitative and unbiased approaches are making it possible to discover proteins altered by a disease. To identify proteins that might be differentially expressed in autism, serum proteins from blood were subjected to trypsin digestion followed by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) on time-of-flight (TOF) instruments to identify differentially expressed peptides. Children with autism 4-6 years of age (n=69) were compared to typically developing children (n=35) with similar age and gender distributions. A total of 6348 peptide components were quantified. Of these, five peptide components corresponding to four known proteins had an effect size >0.99 with a P<0.05 and a Mascot identification score of 30 or greater for autism compared to controls. The four proteins were: Apolipoprotein (apo) B-100, Complement Factor H Related Protein (FHR1), Complement C1q and Fibronectin 1 (FN1). In addition, apo B-100 and apo A-IV were higher in children with high compared to low functioning autism. Apos are involved in the transport of lipids, cholesterol and vitamin E. The complement system is involved in the lysis and removal of infectious organisms in blood, and may be involved in cellular apoptosis in brain. Despite limitations of the study, including the low fold changes and variable detection rates for the peptide components, the data support possible differences of circulating proteins in autism, and should help stimulate the continued search for causes and treatments of autism by examining peripheral blood.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Elevated plasma cytokine levels (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12p40 and TNFα) [82–84], altered immunoglobulin levels [85, 86], elevated levels of complement proteins [87], and increased chemokine levels (CCL2, CCL5 and CCL11) [88] are reported in the plasma of young children with AD compared with matched typically developing children.”
From Consensus Paper: Pathological Role of the Cerebellum in Autism (2012) · cites this paper as [87]
Citations
Cites
A Simple Sequentially Rejective Multiple Test Procedure
(1979) · Scandinavian Journal of Statistics · doi:10.2307/4615733 · Cited by 21,526
Lord, C., Rutter, M., & Le Couteur, A. (1994) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/bf02172145 · Cited by 9,065
Perkins, D. N., Pappin, D., Creasy, D. M., & Cottrell, J. S. (1999) · Electrophoresis · doi:10.1002/(sici)1522-2683(19991201)20:18 · Cited by 8,264
Lord, C., Risi, S., Lambrecht, L., Cook, E. H., Leventhal, B. L., DiLavore, P. C., Pickles, A., & Rutter, M. (2000) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1023/a:1005592401947 · Cited by 7,520
Neuroglial activation and neuroinflammation in the brain of patients with autism
Vargas, D. L., Nascimbene, C., Krishnan, C., Zimmerman, A. W., & Pardo, C. A. (2005) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.20315 · Cited by 2,149
Searching for genetic determinants in the new millennium
Risch, N. J. (2000) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35015718 · Cited by 1,839
Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
(2012) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/springerreference_70151 · Cited by 1,671
An overview of the immune system
Parkin, J., & Cohen, B. (2001) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(00)04904-7 · Cited by 1,593
Autism screening questionnaire: diagnostic validity
Berument, S. K., Rutter, M., Lord, C., Pickles, A., & Bailey, A. (1999) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.175.5.444 · Cited by 1,464
Practice parameter: Screening and diagnosis of autism
Filipek, P. A., Accardo, P., Ashwal, S., Baranek, G. T., Cook, E. H., Dawson, G., Gordon, B., Gravel, J. S., Johnson, C. P., Kallen, R. J., et al. (2000) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.55.4.468 · Cited by 1,106
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Lord C, Rutter M, DiLavore PC, Risi S . Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS). Western Psychological Services: Los Angeles, CA, 2002.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–196 of 196
Shen, L., Zhang, H., Jing, L., Gao, Y. L., Liu, X., Chen, M., Khan, N. U., Tang, X., Hong, Q., Feng, C., et al. (2022) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-022-02801-x · Cited by 23
Dysregulation of complement system in neuropsychiatric disorders: A mini review
Sierra, D. P., Tripathi, A., & Pillai, A. (2022) · Biomarkers in Neuropsychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.bionps.2022.100056 · Cited by 24
“In ASD patients, plasma levels of C1q and C3 proteins were elevated (Corbett et al., 2007; Momeni et al., 2012).”
BackgroundZhang, H., Tang, X., Feng, C., Gao, Y. L., Hong, Q., Zhang, J., Zhang, X., Zheng, Q., Jing, L., Liu, X., et al. (2023) · Journal of Proteomics · doi:10.1016/j.jprot.2023.104872 · Cited by 24
Kohane, I. S. (2014) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2014.05.024 · Cited by 21
“explanation of why peripheral blood RNA or protein expression levels in ASD subjects differ from levels in non-ASD subjects (52,53) and that the differences can be used to classify these patients characterized by many of the same pathways identified in genomic studies (7,54).”
BackgroundUrinary proteome profiling for children with autism using data-independent acquisition proteomics
Meng, W., Huan, Y., & Gao, Y. (2021) · Translational Pediatrics · doi:10.21037/tp-21-193 · Cited by 21
“Previous proteomic studies on biomarkers and pathogenetic mechanisms of ASD have focused on blood, saliva and brain tissues (4-8).”
Cao, X., Tang, X., Feng, C., Jing, L., Zhang, H., Liu, Q., Zheng, Q., Zhuang, H., Liu, X., Li, H., et al. (2023) · Neuroscience Bulletin · doi:10.1007/s12264-023-01055-4 · Cited by 21
“…levels of complement C1s subcomponent (C1S) [9], complement C1q subcomponent subunit A (C1QA), complement C1q subcomponent subunit B (C1QB) [18], and high complement factor I (CFI) [19] activity has been detected in the blood of children with ASD, while C4B levels in the plasma of children…”
BackgroundResultInfluentialProfiling for novel proteomics biomarkers in neurodevelopmental disorders
Dudley, E., Häßler, F., & Thome, J. (2011) · Expert Review of Proteomics · doi:10.1586/epr.10.97 · Cited by 21
A proteomic analysis of urine biomarkers in autism spectrum disorder
Wang, Y., Zhang, J., Song, W., Tian, X., Liu, Y., Wang, Y., Ma, J., Wang, C., & Yan, G. (2021) · Journal of Proteomics · doi:10.1016/j.jprot.2021.104259 · Cited by 19
Makris, G., Chouliaras, G. L., Apostolakou, F., Papageorgiou, C., Chrousos, G. P., Papassotiriou, I., & Pervanidou, P. (2021) · Children · doi:10.3390/children8060478 · Cited by 18
“and increased levels of complement components [10].”
Saxena, V., Ramdas, S., Ochoa, C. R., Wallace, D. R., Bhide, P. G., & Kohane, I. S. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0048835 · Cited by 20
“Proteomic profiling of blood serum from autistic children showed an increase in complement proteins [23].”
BackgroundProteomic explorations of autism spectrum disorder
Szoko, N., McShane, A. J., & Natowicz, M. R. (2017) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.1803 · Cited by 17
“…of one or more proteins involved in inflammation or immune system regulation, including some acute phase reactants and interleukins, among others [Corbett et al., 2007; Cortelazzo et al., 2016; Feng, et al., 2017; Ngounou Wetie, Wormwood, et al., 2014; Ngounou Wetie, Wormwood, Charette, et al.,…”
Role of proteomics in the discovery of autism biomarkers.
AL-Ayadhi, L. Y., & Halepoto, D. M. (2013) · PubMed · Cited by 18
Kerry, R. G., Das, G., Golla, U., Rodríguez-Torres, M. D. P., Shin, H., & Patra, J. K. (2020) · Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology · doi:10.2174/1389201021666201013153142 · Cited by 17
Neuronal oscillations: early biomarkers of psychiatric disease?
Günther, A., & Hanganu‐Opatz, I. L. (2022) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2022.1038981 · Cited by 20
“Altered expression of components of the complement cascade, which underlies microglia signaling, has been reported in patients of SCZ and ASD (Warren et al., 1994; Maes et al., 1997; Schroers et al., 1997; Corbett et al., 2007; Boyajyan et al., 2010; Arakelyan et al., 2011; Li et al., 2016; Ishii et al., 2018; Shen et…”
BackgroundInfluentialMeng, J., Pan, P., Guo, G., Chen, A., Meng, X., & Liu, H. (2024) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-024-03259-5 · Cited by 17
“At the molecular level, transcriptional analysis and proteomic studies revealed that microglial activation-associated gene expression and complement molecules are up-regulated in people with autism [13, 14].”
BackgroundThe need for a comprehensive molecular characterization of autism spectrum disorders
Broek, J. A. C., Brombacher, E., Stelzhammer, V., Guest, P. C., Rahmoune, H., & Bahn, S. (2013) · The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1017/s146114571300117x · Cited by 17
“Proteomic profiling studies have looked at serum, plasma and post-mortem brain protein levels mainly using mass spectrometry (Corbett et al., 2007; Taurines et al., 2010) or multiplex immunoassay profiling (Schwarz et al., 2011) techniques.”
MethodDing, H. D., Yu, J. H., Chang, W., Liu, F., & He, Z. (2019) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117235 · Cited by 15
Propofol anaesthesia alters the cerebral proteome differently from sevoflurane anaesthesia
Tsuboko, Y., & Sakamoto, A. (2011) · Biomedical Research · doi:10.2220/biomedres.32.55 · Cited by 15
“Furthermore, they have been employed to investigate protein expression changes following the administration of inhaled anaesthetics (8, 14, 16, 17, 33).”
BackgroundKałużna‐Czaplińska, J., Żurawicz, E., & Jóźwik-Pruska, J. (2013) · Journal of Chromatography B · doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.10.026 · Cited by 15
Ashwood, P. (2023) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines11020436 · Cited by 14
Self-citationChromatographic methods in the study of autism
Żurawicz, E., Kałużna‐Czaplińska, J., & Rynkowski, J. M. (2013) · Biomedical Chromatography · doi:10.1002/bmc.2911 · Cited by 14
Endocannabinoid System Unlocks the Puzzle of Autism Treatment via Microglia
Su, T., Yan, Y., Li, Q., Ye, J., & Pei, L. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.734837 · Cited by 14
“C1q expression was increased in the peripheral serum of children with ASD (62).”
BackgroundPoly(I:C)-exposed zebrafish shows autism-like behaviors which are ameliorated by fabp2 gene knockout
Wu, J., Lin, X., Wu, D., Yan, B., Bao, M., Zheng, P., Wang, J., Yang, C., Li, Z., Jin, X., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnmol.2022.1068019 · Cited by 12
“, 1991), increased levels of C1q and C3 and C3 fragments in the plasma of ASD children (Corbett et al., 2007; Momeni et al., 2012), and hyper-activation of the complement system in postmortem brain tissue from ASD patients (Hutsler and Zhang, 2010; Tang et al.”
BackgroundUrine Protein Biomarker Candidates for Autism
Yang, L., & Rudser, K. R. (2016) · Journal of Proteomics & Bioinformatics · doi:10.4172/jpb.s14-004 · Cited by 13
“An LC-MS / MS based proteomic study identified four potential serum biomarkers in autistic children which included apoB100, complement factor H related protein, complement C1q, and fibronectin 1 [59].”
MethodNeuropsychiatric disorders: An immunological perspective
Aw, E., Zhang, Y., Yalçın, E., Herrmann, U., & Carroll, M. C. (2021) · Advances in immunology · doi:10.1016/bs.ai.2021.09.002 · Cited by 13
Okeoma, C. M., Naushad, W., Okeoma, B. C., Gartner, C. A., Santos-Ortega, Y., Vary, C., Bastos, S., Carregari, V. C., Larsen, M. R., Noghero, A., et al. (2025) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-025-03512-2 · Cited by 12
“This approach will be crucial for validating EVs as reliable biomarkers and therapeutic targets for SUD.”
[Research advances in immunological dysfunction in children with autism spectrum disorders].
Wang, T., Du, L., Shan, L., & Jia, F. (2014) · PubMed · Cited by 11
Breen, M. S., Uhlmann, A., Özcan, S., Chan, M. K., Pinto, D., Bahn, S., & Stein, D. J. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep43777 · Cited by 12
Immunological Abnormalities in Autism Spectrum Disorders
Jyonouchi, H. (2013) · Advances in Neuroimmune Biology · doi:10.3233/nib-130061 · Cited by 12
“(C1q), and fibronectin 1 [59].”
Wormwood, K. L., Charette, L., Ryan, J. P., Darie, C. C., & Woods, A. G. (2023) · The Protein Journal · doi:10.1007/s10930-023-10146-0 · Cited by 11
Abnormalities in Membrane Lipids, Membrane-Associated Proteins, and Signal Transduction in Autism
Chauhan, V. P. S., & Chauhan, A. (2009) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9781420068870-c10 · Cited by 11
Genomic and proteomic advances in autism research
Maurer, M. H. (2012) · Electrophoresis · doi:10.1002/elps.201200382 · Cited by 11
Sex-biased single-cell genetic landscape in mice with autism spectrum disorder
Zhang, Q., Wang, Y., Tao, J., Xia, R., Zhang, Y., Liu, Z., & Cheng, J. (2023) · Journal of genetics and genomics/Journal of Genetics and Genomics · doi:10.1016/j.jgg.2023.08.012 · Cited by 11
Alawam, K. (2014) · Advances in protein chemistry and structural biology · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-800453-1.00009-9 · Cited by 11
C1q as a Regulator of Brain Development: Implications for Autism Spectrum Disorders
Tan, C. F. J. (2015) · Brain Disorders & Therapy · doi:10.4172/2168-975x.1000152 · Cited by 10
“Paradoxically, increased C1q expression has been observed in the peripheral serum of ASD patients [58].”
BackgroundDetrimental Effects of Overestimating the Occurrence of Autism
Holburn, C. S. (2008) · Intellectual and developmental disabilities · doi:10.1352/2008.46:243-246 · Cited by 9
Autism spectrum disorder: An omics perspective
Woods, A. G., Wormwood, K. L., Wetie, A. G. N., Aslebagh, R., Crimmins, B. S., Holsen, T. M., & Darie, C. C. (2014) · PROTEOMICS - CLINICAL APPLICATIONS · doi:10.1002/prca.201400116 · Cited by 8
“Significantly elevated complement factor H-related protein, complement C1q and fibronectin 1 and apoB-100 was also measured in children with ASD compared to typically developing controls in the same study [50].”
BackgroundSerum Proteomic Profiling of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Washing Subtype: A Preliminary Study
Azodi, M. Z., Rezaei–Tavirani, M., Nejadi, N., Oskouie, A. A., Zayeri, F., Hamdieh, M., Safaei, A., Rezaei–Tavirani, M., Ahmadzadeh, A., Amouzandeh-Nobaveh, A., et al. (2017) · Basic and Clinical Neuroscience Journal · doi:10.18869/nirp.bcn.8.4.307 · Cited by 8
“In most of the proteomic studies, these proteins are normally subjected to specific methods of depletion (Corbett et al., 2006).”
BackgroundPark, D. I. (2020) · Progress in molecular biology and translational science · doi:10.1016/bs.pmbts.2020.04.017 · Cited by 9
Günaydın, M., Doğan, Ö., Günay, F., Uytun, M. Ç., Buyukceran, O. C., & Öztop, D. B. (2025) · Acta Neuropsychiatrica · doi:10.1017/neu.2025.10017 · Cited by 7
“For C1q levels, a 6 ng/ml difference could be detected with 95% power using 16 participants per group (Corbett et al. , 2007a).”
Increased plasma lipoprotein lipase activity in males with autism spectrum disorder
Hirai, T., Usui, N., Iwata, K., Miyachi, T., Tsuchiya, K. J., Xie, M.-J., Nakamura, K., Tsujii, M., Sugiyama, T., & Matsuzaki, H. (2020) · Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2020.101630 · Cited by 7
Mass Spectrometry for the Study of Autism and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Wormwood, K. L., Wetie, A. G. N., Ryan, J. P., Darie, C. C., & Woods, A. G. (2019) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-15950-4_28 · Cited by 7
Apolipoprotein A-IV constrains HPA and behavioral stress responsivity in a strain-dependent manner
Packard, A. E. B., Zhang, J., Myers, B., Ko, C., Wang, F., Tso, P., & Ulrich‐Lai, Y. M. (2017) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.08.025 · Cited by 6
“, 1997) and cognitive (Corbett et al., 2007) diseases in people, suggesting that apoA-IV can modulate neuronal function.”
Lai, W., Chen, J., Zhu, H., Jiang, Y., Niu, Y., Chen, Q., Luo, Z., Hu, Y., Li, F., Wang, Y., et al. (2025) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2025.116012 · Cited by 6
Li, M., Wang, Y., Gao, H., Xia, Z., Zeng, C., Huang, K., Zhu, Z., Lu, J., Chen, Q., Ke, X., et al. (2024) · Autism Research · doi:10.1002/aur.3204 · Cited by 6
“…have been attempting to identify ASD biomarkers (Landa, 2018; Ruggeri et al., 2014; Warren et al., 2011; Zwaigenbaum et al., 2015) and have made some progress in genetics (Veenstra-VanderWeele & Blakely, 2012), proteomics (Corbett et al., 2007), metabolomics (Kelly et al., 2019), and so forth.”
Mass Spectrometry for the Study of Autism and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Wetie, A. G. N., DeKroon, R. M., Mocanu, M., Ryan, J. P., Darie, C. C., & Woods, A. G. (2014) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-06068-2_26 · Cited by 6
The Potential for Proteomics in Understanding Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Wormwood, K. L. (2015) · Journal of Proteomics & Bioinformatics · doi:10.4172/jpb.s5-001 · Cited by 5
“To give one example of putative biomarker identification, in human blood sera taken from people with ASDs, alterations in complement proteins [40-42] as well as in apolipoproteins, may be present [5,40].”
BackgroundProteomics and Cholesterol in Autism
Wormwood, A. G. W. K. L. (2013) · Autism - Open Access · doi:10.4172/2165-7890.1000112 · Cited by 6
Serum Proteomic Analysis of Cannabis Use Disorder in Male Patients
Alasmari, F. F., Alsanea, S., Alfadda, A. A., Alanazi, I. O., Musambil, M., Masood, A., Alqahtani, F., Fantoukh, O. I., Alasmari, A. F., & Benabdelkamel, H. (2021) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules26175311 · Cited by 5
Matsuo, S., Moriyama, Y., Ushida, T., Imai, K., Tano, S., Miki, R., Yoshida, K., Yokoi, A., Kajiyama, H., & Kotani, T. (2024) · Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research · doi:10.1111/jog.16096 · Cited by 6
“APOA4, which is known to be associated with neurodevelopment, 27,28 was significantly increased in MDD umbilical cord serum (Figure 2a, p 0.05).”
InfluentialBiomarkers for autism spectrum disorder: a short review
Barbosa, M. G. D. S., de Souza, R. L. V., Cherain, L. G. G., Ferreira, L. H. S., Peixoto, M. E. S. A., Passos, M. L., Piza, L. M., Carneiro, R. A., Rabelo, N. N., & Chaurasia, B. K. (2024) · Annals of Medicine and Surgery · doi:10.1097/ms9.0000000000002689 · Cited by 5
“Proteomics provides additional insight into the involvement of biomarkers at this phase, as evidenced by the literature [13,14] .”
Differential T Cell Levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-II in Children With Autism
Ashwood, P. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00543 · Cited by 5
“Soluble TNFRII is generated by proteolytic cleavage by the metalloproteinase TNFα converting enzyme (TACE, also known as ADAM17) which despite this enzyme being increased in blood of ASD children (39) does not result in increased sTNFRII in our study, perhaps suggesting proteolytic cleavage is not the underlying mecha…”
BackgroundSelf-citationZhang, H., Liang, Z., Zhuang, H., Wang, M., Huang, Y., Cao, X., Chen, H., Shen, L., & Feng, C. (2025) · Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis · doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2025.116965 · Cited by 4
Lee, T., Yu, J., Ahn, H., Yeom, J., Hyun, Y., Kim, J., Hong, J., Yoo, J., Kim, K., & Kim, H.-W. (2025) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111499 · Cited by 4
Tabolacci, C., Caruso, A., Micai, M., Galati, G., Lintas, C., Pisanu, M. E., & Scattoni, M. L. (2025) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom15040539 · Cited by 5
“In fact, despite many promising findings from genomics [209], metabolomics [210–212], and proteomics [213,214], studies on different body fluids (blood, saliva, feces, and urine) converging on the role of biogenic amine metabolism in ASD, to the best of our knowledge, there are no studies…”
Complement contributes to hyperactive behavior in the 16p11.2 hemideletion mouse model
Kelvington, B. A., Kim, J., Fair, R., Gaine, M. E., & Abel, T. G. (2026) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2026.106552 · Cited by 4
Environmental Influences on Biochemistry in Autism Spectrum Disorder
Wormwood, K. L. (2014) · Autism - Open Access · doi:10.4172/2165-7890.1000e123 · Cited by 4
“Preliminary proteomic investigations have reported potential links to cholesterol dysregulation and immunological responses present in individuals with ASD [10-13].”
BackgroundA Review of Neuroproteomics in Neurological Disorders: The Use of Machine Learning and Deep Learning
Mahendran, G., & Kirupaharan, P. (2026) · Sci · doi:10.3390/sci8080207 · Cited by 3
In Vitro Developmental Neurotoxicity Testing: Relevant Models and Endpoints
Bal‐Price, A., & Högberg, H. T. (2014) · Methods in pharmacology and toxicology · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-0521-8_6 · Cited by 3
Potential approaches and recent advances in biomarker discovery in autism spectrum disorders
Salloum‐Asfar, S., Elsayed, A. K., & Abdulla, S. A. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-824421-0.00014-x · Cited by 3
Meister, L., Alawam, K., Dudley, E., Taurines, R., Müller, S., Walter, M., Höppner, J., Teipel, S. J., Donev, R., Eckert, A., et al. (2011) · The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.3109/15622975.2011.598712 · Cited by 3
“…linear mode and a truncated mass range from 1 to 13 kDa considered for peak spectrum disorder and attention defi cit hyperactivity disorder which have the complications that they are multifactorial in nature and represent a spectrum of disorders (Corbett et al. 2007; Taurines et al. 2010).”
BackgroundMethodImmunotherapy: An Approach to Treat Alzheimer’s Disease and Autism Spectrum Disorder
Maarfi, F., Hasan, Z., Khanam, A., Husain, A., Khan, M. H., & Khan, M. Y. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-16-4558-7_11 · Cited by 3
Immune Dysfunction in Autism Spectrum Disorders
Careaga, M., de Water, J. V., & Ashwood, P. (2012) · Molecular and integrative toxicology · doi:10.1007/978-1-61779-812-2_10 · Cited by 3
Self-citationImmune Abnormalities and Autism Spectrum Disorders
Akintude, M. E., Heuer, L. S., & de Water, J. V. (2012) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-391924-3.00016-8 · Cited by 3
Protein Biomarkers in Autistic Children: A Review
Alharbi, M. G. (2022) · Asian Journal of Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology · doi:10.9734/ajbgmb/2022/v12i130282 · Cited by 2
“samples, as plasma [24-26], lymphocytes [27], postmortem brain tissues [28, 29], neonatal blood [30, 31], serum [32-36], urine [37, 38], and saliva [39, 40].”
BackgroundMethodAutism Spectrum Disorders: Advances in Proteomics
Zhou, H., & Feng, X.-L. (2023) · Protein and Peptide Letters · doi:10.2174/0929866530666230411122644 · Cited by 2
Childhood vaccination as a protective factor for developmental psychopathology
Kim, B., Ha, M., Kim, Y. S., Koh, Y., Kwon, H., Lim, M.-H., Paik, K.-C., Kim, H., Hong, P. S., & LEVENTHAL, B. L. (2020) · Research in Autism · doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2020.101653 · Cited by 2
Черемных, Е. Г., Ivanov, P. A., Factor, M. I., Pozdnyakova, A. N., Shilov, Y., & Os, B. (2021) · Psikhiatriya · doi:10.30629/2618-6667-2021-19-4-76-89 · Cited by 3
“В настоящее время также доказана связь воспаления с психическими заболеваниями — шизофренией (SZ) [40], биполярным расстройством (BD) [41] и расстройством аутистического спектра (ASD) [42].”
Mao, F., Wang, L., Zhao, X., Li, Z., Xiao, L., Rao, R. C., Li, J., Teng, H., He, X., & Sun, Z. S. (2017) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/175844 · Cited by 3
Increased levels of APOA4 in cord blood in maternal major depressive disorderPreprint
Matsuo, S., Moriyama, Y., Ushida, T., Imai, K., Tano, S., Miki, R., Yoshida, K., Yokoi, A., Kajiyama, H., & Kotani, T. (2023) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-3262467/v1 · Cited by 2
Magnusen, A. F., Hopkin, R. J., Vorhees, C. V., Wilson, E., Moehlman, M., Hallinan, B. E., Erickson, C. A., DelBello, M. P., Marsili, L., Coufal, N. G., et al. (2025) · Brain Behavior & Immunity - Health · doi:10.1016/j.bbih.2025.101091 · Cited by 1
“(Fagan et al., 2017; Gunaydin et al., 2025; Mou et al., 2022; Warren et al., 1994; Corbett et al., 2007; Shen et al., 2018; Momeni et al., (Dhillon, 2018; Kusner and Kaminski, 2012; Lennon et al., 1978; Tüzün et al., 2003; Martinez Salazar et al., 2025; Murai et al., 2019; Muppidi et al., 2019;…”
Potential Autoepitope within the Extracellular Region of Contactin-Associated Protein-like 2 in Mice
Obregon, D. F., Zhu, Y., Bailey, A. R., Portis, S. M., Hou, H., Zeng, J., Stock, S. L., Murphy, T. K., Bengtson, M. A., & Tan, J. (2014) · Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research · doi:10.9734/bjmmr/2014/6135 · Cited by 1
“Prior studies present compelling evidence of a role for the immune system in the pathogenesis of subsets of neurodevelopmental disorders [8-12,22,23,32-34].”
BackgroundProteomics as a New Tool for Biomarker-Discovery in Neuropsychiatric Disorders
Raedler, T. J., Mischak, H., Jahn, H., & Wiedemann, K. (2009) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-9464-4_6 · Cited by 1
Proteomics in the Diagnosis of Inborn Encephalopathies of Unknown Origin: A Myth or Reality
Kupniewska, A., Szymańska, K., & Demkow, U. A. (2017) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/5584_2017_104 · Cited by 1
“CSF proteomic studies have also demonstrated an upregulation of the complement factor H-related protein, complement C1q, fibronectin 1, and apoB-100 (Corbett et al. 2007) These findings are consistent with the current theory that disturbances in the lipid system may underlie some forms of ASD…”
ResultHu, E., Kuang, X., Zhaohui, S., Wang, S., Gan, T., zhou, W., Ming, Z., Cheng, Y., Ye, C., Yan, K., et al. (2025) · Clinica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.cca.2025.120238 · Cited by 1
Disordered cholesterol metabolism in autism spectrum disorders sterol and genetic analyses
Pearson, J. (2010) · doi:10.6083/m4ht2m8j · Cited by 1
Developmental Neurotoxicity Testing Using In vitro Approaches
Högberg, H. T. (2009) · DiVA (Stockholm University) · Cited by 1
Biochemical Biomarkers for Autism Spectrum Disorder
Anderson, G. M. (2014) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118911389.hautc19 · Cited by 1
The Environmental Health of the Autistic Student in the Public School Classroom
Klein, A. (2015) · ScholarWorks (Walden University)
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF BONE NUTRIENT LEVELS IN CHILDREN WITH AND WITHOUT AUTISM
DePasquale, G. M. (2009) · OhioLink ETD Center (Ohio Library and Information Network)
3. The role of cholesterol in disorders of brain and behavior: human and animal perspectives
Stevenson, R. J., & Francis, H. (2016) · Wageningen Academic Publishers eBooks · doi:10.3920/978-90-8686-821-6_3
“Corbett et al. (2007) reported that children with autism, relative to normal controls, had lower levels of apoB-100, a protein that is required to move very low-density lipoproteins from the liver.”
BackgroundThe Potential for Proteomics in Understanding Neurodevelopmental
Wormwood, D., Sokolowska, I., Ryan, J. P., Russell, S., Darie, C. C., & Woods, A. G. (2013)
S01-3．血中ラジカル消去活性に着目した自閉症エネルギー代謝異常の研究
Matsuzaki, H. (2018) · 児童青年精神医学とその近接領域 · doi:10.20615/jscap.59.4_359
めぐみ, 安., 裕二, 池., & 小山, 隆. (2018) · 児童青年精神医学とその近接領域 · doi:10.20615/jscap.59.4_350
...Y la danza se hizo cuerpo: entrevista a Ryotaro Fujima
Lucas, F. C. (2014) · ADE teatro: Revista de la Asociación de Directores de Escena de España
Kohane, I. S. (2010) · Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature · doi:10.3410/f.5459957.5423055
Jessop, D. S. (2011) · Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature · doi:10.3410/f.5459957.8923054
Lipid-Related Pathophysiology of ASD
Noah, K. K., & Tierney, E. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-42383-3_8
Synapse Pathology in Brain Structures Affected in Depression
Bennett, M. R. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-97-2803-9_9
Urinary Proteome Biomarker Discovery in Autism
Meng, W. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-96-7886-0_15
Ji, J., Ye, M. S., Choi, C. S., Kim, C., Son, A., & Kim, H. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.09.03.673986
“15-18 This finding aligns with emerging evidence linking lipid metabolic dysfunction to neuropsychiatric manifestations in autism.”
He, J., Hu, Q., Wang, S., Gong, X., Gan, N., Huang, L. T., Chen, H., Dai, J., Yu, H. J., Xiang, S., et al. (2025) · Journal of Visualized Experiments · doi:10.3791/68949
Sullivan, D. L. (2015) · ScholarWorks (Walden University)
Identification of Serum Proteome in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Popov, T. N., Minchev, S. D., & Vachev, I. T. (2025) · Balkan Journal of Medical Genetics · doi:10.2478/bjmg-2025-00023
“Both C4A and C1QA participate in the classical complement activation pathway, and their upregulation has also been documented in prior ASD studies [12].”
Dalvi, P. S., Kelly, O., Grady, L., Carris, N., Sullivan, J., & Liu, H. (2026) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.112030
“Aside from this association, C1q peripheral serum levels have been found to be increased in young patients with ASD [41].”
Metadata
- Authors
- Corbett, B. A., Kantor, A. B., Schulman, H., Walker, W. L., Lit, L., Ashwood, P., Rocke, D. M., & Sharp, F. R.
- Affiliations
- University of California Davis Medical Center (US)
- Pharmaceutical Product Development (United States) (US)
- University of California, Davis (US)
- Corresponding author
- Corbett, B A
- Venue
- Molecular Psychiatry
- Published
- 2006-12-26
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 292-306
- ISSN
- 1359-4184 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-5578
- OpenAlex
- W2011080454
- Cited by
- 197
- References
- 97
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 2.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Molecular Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- U.S. Public Health Service (5K08NMHO72958)
- National Human Genome Research Institute (R01HG003352)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS044283, R01NS043252, NS028167, P50NS044283, NS043252, R01NS028167)
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (P42-ES-04699, P42ES004699)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Spectroscopy › Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, serum proteomics, apolipoproteins, apolipoprotein B-100, apolipoprotein A-IV, complement system, complement factor H-related proteins, C1q, FN1, differentially expressed proteins, children, high-functioning autism, peripheral blood biomarkers
- MeSH terms
- Apolipoproteins, Autistic Disorder, Child, Child, Preschool, Complement System Proteins, Female, Humans, Male, Mass Spectrometry, Gene Expression, Statistics, Nonparametric, Proteomics
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
