Cited by 35Stress Responses and CortisolTreatment of Major DepressionAdrenal Hormones and Disorders

Differential Effects of Antidepressants on Glucocorticoid Receptors in Human Primary Blood Cells and Human Monocytic U-937 Cells

Heiske, Andreas, Jesberg, Jutta, Krieg, Jürgen-Christian, Vedder, Helmut·2003·Neuropsychopharmacology

Abstract

A number of data support the assumption that antidepressants (ADs) normalize the altered function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) system involved in the pathophysiology of depressive disorder via direct effects on glucocorticoid receptors (GRs). In the present study, we examined the tricyclic ADs desipramine (DESI) and imipramine (IMI), the noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor maprotiline (MAPRO), and the noradrenergic and specific serotonergic AD (NaSSA) mirtazapine (MIR) for their effects on GR expression in primary human leukocytes and in monocytic U-937 cells. Semiquantitative RT-PCR indicated that the ADs exert differential effects on GR-mRNA levels in both primary human leukocytes and U-937 cells: whereas MAPRO and IMI did not induce pronounced changes in GR-mRNA levels, DESI and MIR significantly decreased the amounts of GR-mRNA in both cell systems. Further characterization of the effects of MIR revealed a time dependency of the regulation with an initial increase of GR-mRNA levels above control levels after 2.5 h of treatment and a decrease after 4, 24, and 48 h of incubation. A dose-response analysis demonstrated maximal effects of MIR at a concentration of 10(-7) M. Immunohistochemical studies showed that MIR increased the GR protein levels in a time-dependent manner and that this upregulation appeared earlier by additional treatment with dexamethasone (DEX). A translocation of the GR protein from the cytoplasm to the nucleus was induced between 24 and 48 h of treatment with MIR and MIR/DEX, respectively. Taken together, our data further support the assumption that ADs influence the neuroendocrine and immune system via effects on cellular GRs.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1038/sj.npp.1300056

Cites

44 of 44 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Heiske, A., Jesberg, J., Krieg, J.-C., & Vedder, H.
Affiliations
Philipps University of Marburg (DE)
Corresponding author
Heiske, Andreas
Venue
Neuropsychopharmacology
Published
2002-09-06
Volume
28
Issue
4
Pages
807-817
ISSN
  • 0893-133X (ISSN-L)
  • 1740-634X
OpenAlex
W2058026758
Cited by
35
References
44
Citations by year
2024: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 1
FWCI
0.84
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Neuropsychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB 297)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
Keywords
antidepressants, glucocorticoid receptor, mirtazapine, desipramine, imipramine, maprotiline, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, depression, dexamethasone, U937 cells, neuroendocrine-immune interaction
MeSH terms
Antidepressive Agents, Blood Cells, Cell Line, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Monocytes, Receptors, Glucocorticoid, RNA, Messenger

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review