Elementary processes governing the evolution of road networks
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Urbanisation is a fundamental phenomenon whose quantitative characterisation is still inadequate. We report here the empirical analysis of a unique data set regarding almost 200 years of evolution of the road network in a large area located north of Milan (Italy). We find that urbanisation is characterised by the homogenisation of cell shapes, and by the stability throughout time of high-centrality roads which constitute the backbone of the urban structure, confirming the importance of historical paths. We show quantitatively that the growth of the network is governed by two elementary processes: (i) 'densification', corresponding to an increase in the local density of roads around existing urban centres and (ii) 'exploration', whereby new roads trigger the spatial evolution of the urbanisation front. The empirical identification of such simple elementary mechanisms suggests the existence of general, simple properties of urbanisation and opens new directions for its modelling and quantitative description.
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The primary graph method represents junctions in street networks as nodes, and the street segments that connect junctions as edges.
“This method represents junctions in street networks as nodes, and the street segments that connect junctions as edges (Eichler et al. 2013;Strano et al. 2012 andBarthelemy 2011).”
From A Network Approach to Link Visibility and Urban Activity Location (2018) · cites this paper as Strano et al. 2012
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- Authors
- Strano, E., Nicosia, V., Latora, V., Porta, S., & Barthélemy, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Strathclyde (GB)
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- University of London (GB)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Barthélemy, Marc
- Venue
- Scientific Reports
- Published
- 2012-03-01
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 296-296
- ISSN
- 2045-2322 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3291042
- OpenAlex
- W2152058154
- Cited by
- 321
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 21 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 33 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 30 · 2014: 26 · 2013: 19
- FWCI
- 45.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Scientific Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Building and Construction › Urban Design and Spatial Analysis
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Regional Economics and Spatial Analysis
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Statistical and Nonlinear Physics › Complex Network Analysis Techniques
- Keywords
- road network, urbanization, urban expansion, network densification, exploration process, historical paths, network growth mechanisms, urban structure
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