A typology of street patterns
Open accessAbstract
We propose a quantitative method to classify cities according to their street pattern. We use the conditional probability distribution of shape factor of blocks with a given area and define what could constitute the ‘fingerprint’ of a city. Using a simple hierarchical clustering method, these fingerprints can then serve as a basis for a typology of cities. We apply this method to a set of 131 cities in the world, and at an intermediate level of the dendrogram, we observe four large families of cities characterized by different abundances of blocks of a certain area and shape. At a lower level of the classification, we find that most European cities and American cities in our sample fall in their own sub-category, highlighting quantitatively the differences between the typical layouts of cities in both regions. We also show with the example of New York and its different boroughs, that the fingerprint of a city can be seen as the sum of the ones characterizing the different neighbourhoods inside a city. This method provides a quantitative comparison of urban street patterns, which could be helpful for a better understanding of the causes and mechanisms behind their distinct shapes.
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To transfer strategies across cities, it is possible to cluster similar cities based on climate-relevant dimensions.
“To transfer strategies across cities, it is possible to cluster similar cities based on climate-relevant dimensions [326,494].”
From Tackling climate change with machine learning (2023) · cites this paper as [494]
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- Authors
- Louf, R., & Barthelemy, M.
- Affiliations
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Institut de Physique Théorique, CEA, CNRS-URA 2306, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191, France
- Corresponding author
- Louf, Rémi
- ORCID
- Louf, Rémi
- Venue
- Journal of The Royal Society Interface
- Publisher
- The Royal Society
- Published
- 2014-12-06
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 101
- Pages
- 20140924
- ISSN
- 1742-5662 (ISSN-L)
- 1742-5689
- PMC
- PMC4223914
- OpenAlex
- W2001323582
- Cited by
- 181
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 8
- FWCI
- 18.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of The Royal Society Interface (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Building and Construction › Urban Design and Spatial Analysis
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Regional Economics and Spatial Analysis
- Social Sciences › Urban Studies › Global Urban Networks and Dynamics
- Keywords
- street layout, urban morphology, urban typology, block shape, shape factor, hierarchical clustering, European cities, American cities
- MeSH terms
- Humans, New York, Urban Renewal, Urbanization
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