Cited by 77Paleontology and Stratigraphy of FossilsMicrobial Community Ecology and PhysiologyOrigins and Evolution of Life

Pelagic photoferrotrophy and iron cycling in a modern ferruginous basin

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Llirós, Marc, García–Armisen, Tamara, Darchambeau, François, Morana, Cédric, Triadó–Margarit, Xavier, Inceoğlu, Özgül, Borrego, Carles M., Bouillon, Steven +5 more·2015·Scientific Reports

Abstract

Iron-rich (ferruginous) ocean chemistry prevailed throughout most of Earth's early history. Before the evolution and proliferation of oxygenic photosynthesis, biological production in the ferruginous oceans was likely driven by photoferrotrophic bacteria that oxidize ferrous iron {Fe(II)} to harness energy from sunlight, and fix inorganic carbon into biomass. Photoferrotrophs may thus have fuelled Earth's early biosphere providing energy to drive microbial growth and evolution over billions of years. Yet, photoferrotrophic activity has remained largely elusive on the modern Earth, leaving models for early biological production untested and imperative ecological context for the evolution of life missing. Here, we show that an active community of pelagic photoferrotrophs comprises up to 30% of the total microbial community in illuminated ferruginous waters of Kabuno Bay (KB), East Africa (DR Congo). These photoferrotrophs produce oxidized iron {Fe(III)} and biomass, and support a diverse pelagic microbial community including heterotrophic Fe(III)-reducers, sulfate reducers, fermenters and methanogens. At modest light levels, rates of photoferrotrophy in KB exceed those predicted for early Earth primary production, and are sufficient to generate Earth's largest sedimentary iron ore deposits. Fe cycling, however, is efficient, and complex microbial community interactions likely regulate Fe(III) and organic matter export from the photic zone.

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  • Photoferrotrophs have been identified in Kabuno Bay, Democratic Republic of Congo, a basin characterised by ferruginous conditions and by observed rates of Fe(II) oxidation that appear to exceed those required for IF deposition.

    “Photoferrotrophs have also been identified in Kabuno Bay, Democratic Republic of Congo, a basin characterised by ferruginous conditions and by observed rates of Fe(II) oxidation that appear to exceed those required for IF deposition (Llirós et al., 2015).”

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  1. Ulloa O., Wright J. J., Belmar L. & Hallam S. J. in The Prokaryotes (eds. Rosenberg E., DeLong E. F., Lory S., Stackebrandt E. & Thompson F.) 113– 122 (Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013).

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Authors
Llirós, M., García–Armisen, T., Darchambeau, F., Morana, C., Triadó–Margarit, X., Inceoğlu, Ö., Borrego, C. M., Bouillon, S., Servais, P., Borges, A. V., Descy, J., Canfield, D. E., & Crowe, S. A.
Affiliations
  • Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (ES)
  • Université Libre de Bruxelles (BE)
  • University of Liège (BE)
  • KU Leuven (BE)
  • Universitat de Girona (ES)
  • University of Namur (BE)
  • University of British Columbia (CA)
Corresponding author
  • Llirós, Marc
  • Crowe, Sean A.
Venue
Scientific Reports
Published
2015-09-08
Volume
5
Issue
1
Pages
13803-13803
ISSN
2045-2322 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2126150138
Cited by
77
References
36
Citations by year
2025: 5 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 7
FWCI
9.07
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Scientific Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Universitat de Girona Digital Repository (Universitat de Girona) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Repositori UJI (Universitat Jaume I) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • RECERCAT (Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • Lirias (acceptedVersion, other-oa)
  • Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • DIGITAL.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)) (submittedVersion)
  • Dépôt institutionnel de l'Université libre de Bruxelles (Université Libre de Bruxelles) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • ORBi (University of Liège) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • Repository of the University of Namur (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • RECERCAT (Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • University of Southern Denmark Research Portal (University of Southern Denmark) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
  • Agouron Institute
  • Danmarks Grundforskningsfond (DNRF 53)
  • Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS
  • Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (SD/AR/02A)
  • Natural Environment Research Council (NE/I003266/1)
  • FP7 Ideas: European Research Council (240002)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Origins and Evolution of Life
Keywords
ferruginous ocean, iron cycling, early Earth biosphere, ferrous iron oxidation, iron-reducing bacteria, microbial community composition, primary production, iron ore deposits, organic matter export
MeSH terms
Congo, Environmental Microbiology, Ferric Compounds, Iron, Rwanda, Water, Earth, Planet, Biodiversity

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