Sustainability: the capacity of smokeless biomass pyrolysis for energy production, global carbon capture and sequestration
Abstract
Smokeless biomass pyrolysis for biochar and biofuel production is a possible arsenal for global carbon capture and sequestration at gigatons of carbon (GtC) scales. The United States can annually harvest over 1.3 Gt (gigaton) of dry biomass. Use of the smokeless (clean and efficient) biomass-pyrolysis technology would enable the United States to converts its 1.3 Gt of annually harvestable biomass to biochar products equivalent to 325 million tons of stable carbon plus significant amount of biofuels including syngas and bio-oils. Currently, the world could annually harvest more than 6.5 GtC y−1 of biomass. The 6.5 GtC y−1 of biomass could be converted to biochar (3.25 GtC y−1) and biofuels (with heating value equivalent to that of 6500 million barrels of crude oil). Because biochar is mostly not digestible to microorganisms, a biochar-based soil amendment could serve as a permanent carbon-sequestration agent in soils/subsoil earth layers for thousands of years. By storing 3.25 GtC y−1 of biochar (equivalent to 11.9 Gt of CO2 per year) into soil and/or underground reservoirs alone, it would offset the world's 8.67 GtC y−1 of fossil fuel CO2 emissions by about 38%. The worldwide maximum capacity for storing biochar carbon into agricultural soils (1411 million hectares) is estimated to be about 428 GtC. It may be also possible to provide a global carbon “thermostat” mechanism by creating biochar carbon energy storage reserves. This biomass-pyrolysis “carbon-negative” energy approach merits serious research and development worldwide to help provide clean energy and control global warming for a sustainable future of human civilization on Earth.
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Concept of carbon sequestration gained huge interest around the globe due to encouraging strategy for CO2 mitigation.
“The concept of carbon sequestration gained huge interest around the globe due to the encouraging strategy for CO 2 mitigation [112,113].”
From Hydrochar: A Review on Its Production Technologies and Applications (2021) · cites this paper as [113]
To considerably increase long-term carbon sequestration, biomass needs to be pyrolysed into a relatively more stable form of carbon, such as biochar.
“Therefore, in order to considerably increase long-term C sequestration, biomass needs to be pyrolysed into a relatively more stable form of carbon, such as biochar (Lee et al., 2010;Spokas and Reicosky, 2009).”
From Biochar implications for sustainable agriculture and environment: A review (2019) · cites this paper as Lee et al., 2010
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- Authors
- Lee, J. W., Hawkins, B., Day, D. M., & Reicosky, D. C.
- Affiliations
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory (US)
- Athens City (GR)
- North Central Soil Conservation Research Laboratory (US)
- Corresponding author
- Lee, James Weifu
- ORCID
- Lee, James Weifu
- Venue
- Energy & Environmental Science
- Publisher
- Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
- Published
- 2010
- Volume
- 3
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1695
- ISSN
- 1754-5692 (ISSN-L)
- 1754-5706
- OpenAlex
- W2091187815
- Cited by
- 166
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 16
- FWCI
- 5.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Energy & Environmental Science (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Energy
- Office of Science
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Carbon Dioxide Capture Technologies
- Keywords
- biochar, biofuels, carbon capture and storage, soil carbon storage, syngas, bio-oil, climate change mitigation, agricultural soils
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