The DOI matches its Crossref record; 78 of the 78 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Alternative energy input: mechanochemical, microwave and ultrasound-assisted organic synthesis
Abstract
Microwave, ultrasound, sunlight and mechanochemical mixing can be used to augment conventional laboratory techniques. By applying these alternative means of activation, a number of chemical transformations have been achieved thereby improving many existing protocols with superior results when compared to reactions performed under traditional conditions. The purpose of this critical review is to highlight the advances in this general area by presenting such newer applications in organic synthesis (175 references).
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Green Chemistry: Theory and Practice
Anastas, P. T., & Warner, J. C. (1998) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 8,599
Comprehensive Heterocyclic Chemistry II
KATRITZKY, A. R., Rees, C. W., & Scriven, E. F. V. (1997) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 8,500
Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis
Greene, T. W., & Wuts, P. G. M. (1999) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/0471220574 · Cited by 5,672
Mechanochemistry: opportunities for new and cleaner synthesis
James, S. L., Adams, C. J., Bolm, C., Braga, D., Collier, P., Friščić, T., Grepioni, F., Harris, K. D. M., Hyett, G., Jones, W., et al. (2012) · Chem. Soc. Rev. · doi:10.1039/c1cs15171a · Cited by 3,056
Miyaura, N., Yamada, K., & Suzuki, A. (1979) · Tetrahedron Letters · doi:10.1016/s0040-4039(01)95429-2 · Cited by 2,237
Protective groups in organic synthesis
Hodge, P. (1992) · Polymer · doi:10.1016/0032-3861(92)91123-j · Cited by 2,215
Palladium-catalyzed vinylic hydrogen substitution reactions with aryl, benzyl, and styryl halides
Heck, R. F., & Nolley, J. P. (1972) · The Journal of Organic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jo00979a024 · Cited by 2,202
Microwaves in organic synthesis. Thermal and non-thermal microwave effects
de la Hoz, A., Díaz-Ortiz, Á., & Moreno, A. (2005) · Chem. Soc. Rev. · doi:10.1039/b411438h · Cited by 1,869
The use of microwave ovens for rapid organic synthesis
Gedye, R., Smith, F., Westaway, K., Ali, H., Baldisera, L., Laberge, L., & Rousell, J. (1986) · Tetrahedron Letters · doi:10.1016/s0040-4039(00)83996-9 · Cited by 1,695
Recent Advances in the Baylis−Hillman Reaction and Applications
Basavaiah, D., Rao, A. J., & Satyanarayana, T. (2003) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr010043d · Cited by 1,597
Microwave assisted organic reactions
Caddick, S. (1995) · Tetrahedron · doi:10.1016/0040-4020(95)00662-r · Cited by 1,435
Metal-Catalyzed Carbon−Sulfur Bond Formation
Kondo, T., & Mitsudo, T. (2000) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr9902749 · Cited by 1,415
Dielectric parameters relevant to microwave dielectric heating
Gabriel, C., Gabriel, S., H. Grant, E., H. Grant, E., S. J. Halstead, B., & Michael P. Mingos, D. (1998) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/a827213z · Cited by 1,401
Palladium Reagents and Catalysts: New Perspectives for the 21st Century
Tsuji, J. (2004) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/0470021209 · Cited by 1,322
Green Chemistry: Theory and Practice
Anastas, P. T., & Warner, J. C. (2000) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198506980.001.0001 · Cited by 1,296
Excited states and photochemistry of organic molecules
(1996) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.33-3919 · Cited by 1,250
Green chemistry by nano-catalysis
Polshettiwar, V., & Varma, R. S. (2010) · Green Chemistry · doi:10.1039/b921171c · Cited by 1,233
Self-citationApplication of commercial microwave ovens to organic synthesis.
Giguere, R. J., Bray, T. L., Duncan, S. M., & Majetich, G. (1986) · Tetrahedron Letters · doi:10.1016/s0040-4039(00)85103-5 · Cited by 1,151
Microwave-Assisted Synthesis in Water as Solvent
Dallinger, D., & Kappe, C. O. (2007) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr0509410 · Cited by 1,101
Solvent‐Free Organic Synthesis
Tanaka, K. (2008) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9783527626410 · Cited by 935
Applied Sonochemistry: Uses of Power Ultrasound in Chemistry and Processing
Mason, T. J., & Lorimer, J. P. (2002) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/352760054x · Cited by 858
Ball milling in organic synthesis: solutions and challenges
Stolle, A., Szuppa, T., Leonhardt, S. E. S., & Ondruschka, B. (2011) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/c0cs00195c · Cited by 794
Carey, F. A., & Sundberg, R. J. (1995) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-9792-2 · Cited by 778
Essentials of molecular photochemistry
(1991) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.29-0309 · Cited by 718
Appukkuttan, P., Dehaen, W., Fokin, V. V., & Van der Eycken, E. (2004) · Organic Letters · doi:10.1021/ol048341v · Cited by 563
Synthesis and X-ray structure of dumb-bell-shaped C120
Wang, G., Komatsu, K., Murata, Y., & Shiro, M. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/42439 · Cited by 558
Rovnyak, G. C., Kimball, S. D., Beyer, B., Cucinotta, G., DiMarco, J. D., Gougoutas, J., Hedberg, A., Malley, M., & McCarthy, J. P. (1995) · Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jm00001a017 · Cited by 549
Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology
(1963) · Chemical & Engineering News Archive · doi:10.1021/cen-v041n017.p045 · Cited by 505
Aqueous microwave chemistry: a clean and green synthetic tool for rapid drug discovery
Polshettiwar, V., & Varma, R. S. (2008) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/b716534j · Cited by 442
Self-citationPoliakoff, M., & Licence, P. (2007) · Nature · doi:10.1038/450810a · Cited by 400
Solvent‐Free Carbon‐Carbon Bond Formations in Ball Mills
Rodríguez, B., Bruckmann, A., Rantanen, T., & Bolm, C. (2007) · Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis · doi:10.1002/adsc.200700252 · Cited by 379
Bubbles in an acoustic field: An overview
Ashokkumar, M., Lee, J., Kentish, S., & Grieser, F. (2007) · Ultrasonics Sonochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.ultsonch.2006.09.016 · Cited by 355
Organocatalytic reactions: effects of ball milling, microwave and ultrasound irradiation
Bruckmann, A., Krebs, A., & Bolm, C. (2008) · Green Chemistry · doi:10.1039/b812536h · Cited by 344
Deshmukh, R. R., Rajagopal, R., & Srinivasan, K. V. (2001) · Chemical Communications · doi:10.1039/b104532f · Cited by 314
Microwave Cooking and Processing
Buffler, C. R. (1993) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-5833-7 · Cited by 305
Mechanochemistry and mechanical activation of solids
Болдырев, В. В. (1993) · Solid State Ionics · doi:10.1016/0167-2738(93)90157-x · Cited by 285
Santos, L. S., Pavam, C. H., Almeida, W. P., Coelho, F., & Eberlin, M. N. (2004) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.200460059 · Cited by 280
An expeditious solvent-free route to ionic liquids using microwaves
Varma, R. S., & Namboodiri, V. V. (2001) · Chemical Communications · doi:10.1039/b101375k · Cited by 278
Self-citationStructural and functional models of nitrile hydratase
Mascharak, P. K. (2002) · Coordination Chemistry Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0010-8545(01)00413-1 · Cited by 275
Solvent-free Sonogashira coupling reaction via high speed ball milling
Fulmer, D. A., Shearouse, W. C., Medonza, S. T., & Mack, J. (2009) · Green Chemistry · doi:10.1039/b915669k · Cited by 275
Hu, B., Wang, S.-B., Wang, K., Zhang, M., & Yu, S.-H. (2008) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry C · doi:10.1021/jp801267j · Cited by 265
Mechanical activation of minerals
(1991) · Minerals Engineering · doi:10.1016/0892-6875(91)90035-t · Cited by 264
High-speed combinatorial synthesis utilizing microwave irradiation
Kappe, C. O. (2002) · Current Opinion in Chemical Biology · doi:10.1016/s1367-5931(02)00306-x · Cited by 260
Polshettiwar, V., & Varma, R. S. (2009) · Chemistry - A European Journal · doi:10.1002/chem.200802264 · Cited by 246
Self-citationReevaluation of the Mechanism of the Baylis–Hillman Reaction: Implications for Asymmetric Catalysis
Aggarwal, V. K., Fulford, S. Y., & Lloyd‐Jones, G. C. (2005) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.200462462 · Cited by 243
Glasnov, T. N., & Kappe, C. O. (2011) · Chemistry – A European Journal · doi:10.1002/chem.201102065 · Cited by 241
Green chemistry : challenging perspectives
Tundo, P., & Anastas, P. T. (2000) · Oxford University Press eBooks · Cited by 240
Microwave-accelerated Suzuki cross-coupling reaction in polyethylene glycol (PEG)
Namboodiri, V. V., & Varma, R. S. (2001) · Green Chemistry · doi:10.1039/b102337n · Cited by 240
Self-citationA Greener Synthesis of Core (Fe, Cu)-Shell (Au, Pt, Pd, and Ag) Nanocrystals Using Aqueous Vitamin C
Nadagouda, M. N., & Varma, R. S. (2007) · Crystal Growth & Design · doi:10.1021/cg070554e · Cited by 230
Self-citationFast copper-, ligand- and solvent-free Sonogashira coupling in a ball mill
Thorwirth, R., Stolle, A., & Ondruschka, B. (2010) · Green Chemistry · doi:10.1039/c000674b · Cited by 218
Solvent-Free Sonochemical Preparation of Ionic Liquids
Namboodiri, V. V., & Varma, R. S. (2002) · Organic Letters · doi:10.1021/ol026608p · Cited by 207
Self-citationA New Interpretation of the Baylis−Hillman Mechanism
Price, K. E., Broadwater, S. J., Walker, B. J., & McQuade, D. T. (2005) · The Journal of Organic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jo050202j · Cited by 207
Solvent‐Free Synthesis of Peptides
Declerck, V., Nun, P., Martinez, J., & Lamaty, F. (2009) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.200903510 · Cited by 204
Nadagouda, M. N., & Varma, R. S. (2007) · Biomacromolecules · doi:10.1021/bm700446p · Cited by 198
Self-citationBaylis−Hillman Mechanism: A New Interpretation in Aprotic Solvents
Price, K. E., Broadwater, S. J., Jung, H. M., & McQuade, D. T. (2005) · Organic Letters · doi:10.1021/ol047739o · Cited by 197
Schneider, F., Szuppa, T., Stolle, A., Ondruschka, B., & Hopf, H. (2009) · Green Chemistry · doi:10.1039/b915744c · Cited by 175
Mallikarjuna, N. N., & Varma, R. S. (2007) · Crystal Growth & Design · doi:10.1021/cg060506e · Cited by 172
Self-citationA simplified green chemistry approach to the Biginelli reaction using ‘Grindstone Chemistry’
Bose, A. K., Pednekar, S., Ganguly, S. N., Chakraborty, G., & Manhas, M. S. (2004) · Tetrahedron Letters · doi:10.1016/j.tetlet.2004.09.064 · Cited by 162
Ultrasound-assisted preparation of liquid samples
de Castro, M. D. L., & Priego‐Capote, F. (2006) · Talanta · doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2006.11.013 · Cited by 158
Microwave Assisted Organic Synthesis
Menéndez, J. C. (2005) · Synthesis · doi:10.1055/s-2006-925464 · Cited by 147
Microwaves in Green and Sustainable Chemistry
Strauss, C. R., & Varma, R. S. (2006) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/128_060 · Cited by 128
Self-citationThe Heck reaction under ball-milling conditions
Tullberg, E., Peters, D., & Frejd, T. (2004) · Journal of Organometallic Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jorganchem.2004.06.045 · Cited by 126
Reformatsky and Luche reaction in the absence of solvent
Tanaka, K., Kishigami, S., & Toda, F. (1991) · The Journal of Organic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jo00013a055 · Cited by 121
Rate enhancement of the Morita–Baylis–Hillman reaction through mechanochemistry
Mack, J., & Shumba, M. (2007) · Green Chemistry · doi:10.1039/b612983h · Cited by 120
Chemoselective, solvent-free aldol condensation reaction
Raston, C. L., & Scott, J. L. (2000) · Green Chemistry · doi:10.1039/a907688c · Cited by 117
Nadagouda, M. N., & Varma, R. S. (2007) · Crystal Growth & Design · doi:10.1021/cg070473i · Cited by 116
Self-citationLuque, R., Baruwati, B., & Varma, R. S. (2010) · Green Chemistry · doi:10.1039/c0gc00083c · Cited by 108
Self-citationSonochemistry: A Powerful Way of Enhancing the Efficiency of Carbohydrate Synthesis
Deng, S., Gangadharmath, U. B., & Chang, C. T. (2006) · The Journal of Organic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jo060374w · Cited by 106
Yi, S., Lee, D.-H., Sin, E., & Lee, Y. (2007) · Tetrahedron Letters · doi:10.1016/j.tetlet.2007.07.093 · Cited by 104
Baruwati, B., Nadagouda, M. N., & Varma, R. S. (2008) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry C · doi:10.1021/jp807245g · Cited by 98
Self-citationUltrasound in organic synthesis. 13. Some fundamental aspects of the sonochemical Barbier reaction
Barboza, J. C. D. S., Pétrier, C., & Luche, J. L. (1988) · The Journal of Organic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jo00241a017 · Cited by 97
An improved preparation of 1,3-dialkylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquids using microwaves
Namboodiri, V. V., & Varma, R. S. (2002) · Tetrahedron Letters · doi:10.1016/s0040-4039(02)01075-4 · Cited by 95
Self-citationDabideen, D. R., Cheng, K. F., Aljabari, B., Miller, E. J., Pavlov, V. A., & Al‐Abed, Y. (2007) · Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jm061477+ · Cited by 60
Nadagouda, M. N., & Varma, R. S. (2007) · Macromolecular Rapid Communications · doi:10.1002/marc.200600878 · Cited by 55
Self-citationA practical synthesis of β-d-mannopyranosides
Fürstner, A., & Konetzki, I. (1998) · Tetrahedron Letters · doi:10.1016/s0040-4039(98)01163-0 · Cited by 52
Dickens, M. J., & Luche, J. (1991) · Tetrahedron Letters · doi:10.1016/s0040-4039(00)92288-3 · Cited by 51
Zhu, S., Hudson, T. H., Kyle, D. E., & Ai, L. (2002) · Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jm020104f · Cited by 43
Sonication-Assisted Oligomannoside Synthesis
Tanifum, C. T., & Chang, C. T. (2008) · The Journal of Organic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jo8019835 · Cited by 26
Cited by
Gawande, M. B., Shelke, S. N., Zboril, R., & Varma, R. S. (2014) · Accounts of Chemical Research · doi:10.1021/ar400309b · Cited by 774
Self-citationKachala, V. V., Khemchyan, L. L., Kashin, A. S., Orlov, N. V., Grachev, A. A., Zalesskiy, S. S., & Ananikov, V. P. (2013) · Russian Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1070/rc2013v082n07abeh004413 · Cited by 262
Microwave synthesis of zeolites and their related applications
Zeng, X., Hu, X., Song, H., Xia, G., Shen, Z.-Y., Yu, R., & Moskovits, M. (2021) · Microporous and Mesoporous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.micromeso.2021.111262 · Cited by 113
Metadata
- Authors
- Baig, R. B. N., & Varma, R. S.
- Venue
- Chem. Soc. Rev.
- Publisher
- Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
- Published
- 2012
- Volume
- 41
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1559-1584
- ISSN
- 0306-0012 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-4744
- OpenAlex
- W2120326637
- Cited by
- 587
- References
- 78
- FWCI
- 0.76
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
