Ring-opening copolymerization of ε-caprolactone and δ-valerolactone by a titanium-based metal–organic framework

Metal-organic framework materials as catalysts

Lee, J., Farha, O. K., Roberts, J., Scheidt, K. A., Nguyen, S. T., & Hupp, J. T. (2009) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/b807080f · Cited by 7,969 · see citing works

Biodegradable polymers as biomaterials

Nair, L. S., & Laurencin, C. T. (2007) · Progress in Polymer Science · doi:10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2007.05.017 · Cited by 4,416 · see citing works

The return of a forgotten polymer—Polycaprolactone in the 21st century

Woodruff, M. A., & Hutmacher, D. W. (2010) · Progress in Polymer Science · doi:10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2010.04.002 · Cited by 4,033 · see citing works

Synthetic biodegradable polymers as orthopedic devices

Middleton, J. C., & Tipton, A. J. (2000) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/s0142-9612(00)00101-0 · Cited by 2,741 · see citing works

Biodegradable block copolymers as injectable drug-delivery systems

Jeong, B., Bae, Y. H., Lee, D. S., & Kim, S. W. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/42218 · Cited by 1,999 · see citing works

A New Photoactive Crystalline Highly Porous Titanium(IV) Dicarboxylate

Dan-Hardi, M., Serre, C., Frot, T., Rozes, L., Maurin, G., Sánchez, C., & Férey, G. (2009) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja903726m · Cited by 1,445 · see citing works

Poly-є-caprolactone based formulations for drug delivery and tissue engineering: A review

Dash, T. K., & Konkimalla, V. B. (2011) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2011.09.064 · Cited by 1,023 · see citing works

Adsorption/catalytic properties of MIL-125 and NH2-MIL-125

Kim, S.-N., Kim, J., Kim, H.-Y., Cho, H.-Y., & Ahn, W.-S. (2013) · Catalysis Today · doi:10.1016/j.cattod.2012.08.014 · Cited by 528 · see citing works

Precipitation casting of polycaprolactone for applications in tissue engineering and drug delivery

Coombes, A. G. A., Rizzi, S. C., Williamson, M. R., Barralet, J. E., Downes, S., & Wallace, W. A. (2003) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/s0142-9612(03)00535-0 · Cited by 343 · see citing works

Diphenyl Phosphate as an Efficient Cationic Organocatalyst for Controlled/Living Ring-Opening Polymerization of δ-Valerolactone and ε-Caprolactone

Makiguchi, K., Satoh, T., & Kakuchi, T. (2011) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/ma200043x · Cited by 338 · see citing works

Polymerization of Polar Monomers Mediated by Main-Group Lewis Acid–Base Pairs

Hong, M., Chen, J., & Chen, E. Y. ‐. (2018) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00352 · Cited by 322 · see citing works

Random Copolymerization of ε-Caprolactone with Lactide Using a Homosalen−Al Complex

Nomura, N., Akita, A., Ishii, R., & Mizuno, M. (2010) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja9089395 · Cited by 222 · see citing works

Enzymatic Ring-Opening Polymerization of Lactones Catalyzed by Lipase

Uyama, H., & Kobayashi, S. (1993) · Chemistry Letters · doi:10.1246/cl.1993.1149 · Cited by 217 · see citing works

Ring-Opening Polymerization with Zn(C6F5)2-Based Lewis Pairs: Original and Efficient Approach to Cyclic Polyesters

Piedra-Arroni, E., Ladavière, C., Amgoune, A., & Bourissou, D. (2013) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja4069968 · Cited by 194 · see citing works

Structure and properties of polyurethanes based on halogenated and nonhalogenated soy-polyols

Petrovìć, Z. S., Guo, A., & Zhang, W. (2000) · Journal of Polymer Science Part A Polymer Chemistry · doi:10.1002/1099-0518(20001115)38:22 · Cited by 160 · see citing works

Simple and Accurate Determination of Reactivity Ratios Using a Nonterminal Model of Chain Copolymerization

Beckingham, B. S., Sanoja, G. E., & Lynd, N. A. (2015) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.5b01631 · Cited by 146 · see citing works

Dual Catalysis for Selective Ring-Opening Polymerization of Lactones: Evolution toward Simplicity

Naumann, S., Scholten, P. B. V., Wilson, J. A., & Dove, A. P. (2015) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/jacs.5b09502 · Cited by 143 · see citing works

Efficient “Living” and “Immortal” Polymerization of Lactones and Diblock Copolymer of ε-CL and δ-VL Catalyzed by Aluminum Alkoxides

Ko, B., & Lin, C. (1999) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/ma991055s · Cited by 134 · see citing works

Living Ring-Opening Polymerization of Lactones by <i>N</i>-Heterocyclic Olefin/Al(C₆F₅)₃ Lewis Pairs: Structures of Intermediates, Kinetics, and Mechanism

Wang, Q., Zhao, W., He, J., Zhang, Y., & Chen, E. Y.-X. (2017) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.6b02398 · Cited by 127 · see citing works

Biodegradable polyester blends for biomedical application

Zhang, L., Xiong, C., & Deng, X. (1995) · Journal of Applied Polymer Science · doi:10.1002/app.1995.070560114 · Cited by 127 · see citing works

Effect of Micro- and Macroporosity of Bone Tissue Three-Dimensional-Poly(ɛ-Caprolactone) Scaffold on Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Invasion, Proliferation, and Differentiation In Vitro

Salerno, A., Guarnieri, D., Iannone, M., Zeppetelli, S., & Netti, P. A. (2010) · Tissue Engineering Part A · doi:10.1089/ten.tea.2009.0494 · Cited by 111 · see citing works

Controlled polymerizations using metal–organic frameworks

Mochizuki, S., Kitao, T., & Uemura, T. (2018) · Chemical Communications · doi:10.1039/c8cc06415f · Cited by 108 · see citing works

Catalytic metal-based systems for controlled statistical copolymerisation of lactide with a lactone

Stirling, E., Champouret, Y., & Visseaux, M. (2018) · Polymer Chemistry · doi:10.1039/c8py00310f · Cited by 101 · see citing works

Air-Stable Titanium Alkoxide Based Metal−Organic Framework as an Initiator for Ring-Opening Polymerization of Cyclic Esters

Chuck, C. J., Davidson, M. G., Jones, M. D., Kociok-Köhn, G. I., Lunn, M. D., & Wu, S. G. (2006) · Inorganic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/ic060969+ · Cited by 90 · see citing works

Development of poly(ε-caprolactone-co-l-lactide) and poly(ε-caprolactone-co-δ-valerolactone) as new degradable binder used for antifouling paint

Faÿ, F., Renard, E., Langlois, V., Linossier, I., & Vallée‐Rehel, K. (2007) · European Polymer Journal · doi:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2007.07.045 · Cited by 85 · see citing works

Synergistic Effects of Water and SO2 on Degradation of MIL-125 in the Presence of Acid Gases

Mounfield, W. P., Han, C., Pang, S. H., Tumuluri, U., Jiao, Y., Bhattacharyya, S., Dutzer, M. R., Nair, S., Wu, Z., Lively, R. P., et al. (2016) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry C · doi:10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b09264 · Cited by 84 · see citing works

Ring-Opening Polymerization with Lewis Pairs and Subsequent Nucleophilic Substitution: A Promising Strategy to Well-Defined Polyethylene-like Polyesters without Transesterification

Wang, B., Pan, L., Ma, Z., & Li, Y. (2018) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.7b02378 · Cited by 72 · see citing works

Biodegradable Polyesters

(2015) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9783527656950 · Cited by 70 · see citing works

Degradation and Controlled Release Behavior of ε-Caprolactone Copolymers in Biodegradable Antifouling Coatings

Faÿ, F., Linossier, I., Langlois, V., Renard, E., & Vallée‐Rehel, K. (2006) · Biomacromolecules · doi:10.1021/bm0509669 · Cited by 64 · see citing works

Protein encapsulation within poly(ethylene glycol)-coated nanospheres. II. Controlled release properties

Quellec, P., Gref, R., Dellacherie, E., Sommer, F., Tran, M. D., & Alonso, M. J. (1999) · Journal of Biomedical Materials Research · doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4636(19991205)47:3 · Cited by 64 · see citing works

Ring-opening polymerization of lactones using supramolecular organocatalysts under simple conditions

Thomas, C., Peruch, F., & Bibal, B. (2012) · RSC Advances · doi:10.1039/c2ra22535b · Cited by 63 · see citing works

Organocatalytic Ring-Opening Polymerization of Cyclic Esters Mediated by Highly Active Bifunctional Iminophosphorane Catalysts

Goldys, A. M., & Dixon, D. J. (2014) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/ma402258y · Cited by 62 · see citing works

Dual Catalysis Based on N-Heterocyclic Olefins for the Copolymerization of Lactones: High Performance and Tunable Selectivity

Naumann, S., & Wang, D. (2016) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.6b02374 · Cited by 58 · see citing works

Highly Active Yttrium Catalysts for the Ring-Opening Polymerization of ε-Caprolactone and δ-Valerolactone

Wang, X., Brosmer, J. L., Thevenon, A., & Diaconescu, P. L. (2015) · Organometallics · doi:10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00442 · Cited by 50 · see citing works

In vitro degradation studies and mechanical behavior of poly(ε-caprolactone-co-δ-valerolactone) and poly(ε-caprolactone-co-L-lactide) with random and semi-alternating chain microstructures

Fernández, J., Etxeberria, A., & Sarasua, J.-R. (2015) · European Polymer Journal · doi:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2015.09.001 · Cited by 44 · see citing works

Abnormal N-heterocyclic carbene main group organometallic chemistry: a debut to the homogeneous catalysis

Sen, T. K., Sau, S. C., Mukherjee, A., Hota, P. K., Mandal, S. K., Maity, B., & Koley, D. (2013) · Dalton Transactions · doi:10.1039/c3dt51802g · Cited by 42 · see citing works

Measurement of copolymerization reactivity ratios by NMR

Ritchey, W. M., & Ball, L. E. (1966) · Journal of Polymer Science Part B Polymer Letters · doi:10.1002/pol.1966.110040810 · Cited by 41 · see citing works

Lewis Pair Catalysts in the Polymerization of Lactide and Related Cyclic Esters

Li, X., Chen, C., & Wu, J. (2018) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules23010189 · Cited by 41 · see citing works

Ion pairing effects in the zwitterionic ring opening polymerization of δ-valerolactone

Chang, Y. A., & Waymouth, R. M. (2015) · Polymer Chemistry · doi:10.1039/c5py00662g · Cited by 40 · see citing works

Ring‐Opening Polymerization of l ‐Lactide to Cyclic Poly(Lactide) by Zeolitic Imidazole Framework ZIF‐8 Catalyst

Luo, Z., Chaemchuen, S., Zhou, K., & Verpoort, F. (2017) · ChemSusChem · doi:10.1002/cssc.201701438 · Cited by 39 · see citing works

o -Benzenedisulfonimide as a recyclable cationic organocatalyst for the controlled/living ring-opening polymerization of δ-valerolactone and ε-caprolactone

Jin, Y., Ji, Y., He, X., Kan, S., Xia, H., Liang, B., Chen, J., Wu, H., Guo, K., & Li, Z. (2014) · Polymer Chemistry · doi:10.1039/c3py01613g · Cited by 37 · see citing works

Highly branched linear-comb random copolyesters of ε-caprolactone and δ-valerolactone: Isodimorphism, mechanical properties and enzymatic degradation behavior

Wu, T., Wei, Z., Ren, Y., Yu, Y., Leng, X., & Li, Y. (2018) · Polymer Degradation and Stability · doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2018.07.018 · Cited by 35 · see citing works

A Novel Approach to Biodegradable Block Copolymers of ε‐Caprolactone and δ‐Valerolactone Catalyzed by New Aluminum Metal Complexes

Yang, J., Jia, L., Yin, L., Yu, J., Shi, Z., Fang, Q., & 曹阿民 (2004) · Macromolecular Bioscience · doi:10.1002/mabi.200400128 · Cited by 34 · see citing works

Tuning the crystallinity and degradability of PCL by organocatalytic copolymerization with δ-hexalactone

Song, Q., Xia, Y., Hu, S., Zhao, J., & Zhang, G. (2016) · Polymer · doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2016.09.026 · Cited by 33 · see citing works

Ring-opening Copolymerization of ε-Caprolactone and δ-Valerolactone Catalyzed by a 2,6-Bis(amino)phenol Zinc Complex

Hu, Q., Jie, S., Braunstein, P., & Li, B. (2019) · Chinese Journal of Polymer Science · doi:10.1007/s10118-020-2347-4 · Cited by 29 · see citing works

Copolymerization of ϵ‐caprolactone and δ‐valerolactone

Storey, R. F., & Hoffman, D. C. (1991) · Makromolekulare Chemie Macromolecular Symposia · doi:10.1002/masy.19910420115 · Cited by 19 · see citing works

Thermal Properties and Non-Isothermal Crystallization Kinetics of Poly (δ-Valerolactone) and Poly (δ-Valerolactone)/Titanium Dioxide Nanocomposites

Saeed, W. S., Al-Odayni, A.-B. M., Alghamdi, A. A. B., Alrahlah, A. A., & Aouak, T. A. (2018) · Crystals · doi:10.3390/cryst8120452 · Cited by 19 · see citing works

Crystallization and melting behavior of poly(ε‐caprolactone‐co‐δ‐valerolactone) and poly(ε‐caprolactone‐co‐L‐lactide) copolymers with novel chain microstructures

Fernández, J., Etxeberria, A., & Sarasua, J.-R. (2015) · Journal of Applied Polymer Science · doi:10.1002/app.42534 · Cited by 16 · see citing works

Bulk Ring-Opening Polymerization of ε-Caprolactone by Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework

Naz, F., Mumtaz, F., Chaemchuen, S., & Verpoort, F. (2019) · Catalysis Letters · doi:10.1007/s10562-019-02816-5 · Cited by 16 · see citing works

Direct copolycondensation of ϵ-caprolactone with δ-valerolactone in the absence of catalysts

Imasaka, K., Nagai, T., Yoshida, M., Fukuzaki, H., Asano, M., & Kumakura, M. (1990) · European Polymer Journal · doi:10.1016/0014-3057(90)90153-u · Cited by 15 · see citing works

Forecasting linear aliphatic copolyester degradation through modular block design

Arias, V., Olsén, P., Odelius, K., Höglund, A., & Albertsson, A. (2016) · Polymer Degradation and Stability · doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2016.05.021 · Cited by 14 · see citing works

Heterogeneous catalysts based on built-in N-heterocyclic carbenes with high removability, recoverability and reusability for ring-opening polymerization of cyclic esters

Liu, W., Tian, G., Yang, D., Wu, G., Chen, S., & Wang, Y. (2019) · Polymer Chemistry · doi:10.1039/c9py00111e · Cited by 10 · see citing works

Syntheses, characterization, and hydrolytic degradation of P (ε‐caprolactone‐co‐δ‐valerolactone) copolymers: Influence of molecular weight

Loriot, M., Linossier, I., Vallée‐Rehel, K., & Faÿ, F. (2015) · Journal of Applied Polymer Science · doi:10.1002/app.43007 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Gradient copolymers of ε‐caprolactone and δ‐valerolactone via solvent‐free ring‐opening copolymerization with a pyridyl‐urea/ MTBD system

Feng, R., Jie, S., Braunstein, P., & Li, B. (2020) · Journal of Polymer Science · doi:10.1002/pol.20200174 · Cited by 7 · see citing works

Reticular framework materials as versatile platforms for controllable polymer synthesis

Xing, Z., Wang, S., & Sun, Q. (2025) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/d5cs00749f · Cited by 25 · see citing works

Exploiting controlled transesterification as a “top down” approach to tailor poly( <i>ε</i> -caprolactone)-poly(lactic acid) copolymer structures with bis-Zn catalysts

Neal, T. J., Neal, E. D., Cumby, J., & Garden, J. A. (2024) · Polymer Chemistry · doi:10.1039/d4py00169a · Cited by 12 · see citing works

Advances in cyclic ester ring‐opening polymerization using heterogeneous catalysts

Naz, F., Rahaman, M. A., Mumtaz, F., Elkadi, M., & Verpoort, F. (2023) · Applied Organometallic Chemistry · doi:10.1002/aoc.7296 · Cited by 7 · see citing works

Pillared MOFs: structure and ring opening polymerization of cyclic esters

Gong, Y., Chen, F., Beamish-Cook, J., Elsegood, M. R. J., Derbyshire, M., Rowe, O., & Redshaw, C. (2022) · CrystEngComm · doi:10.1039/d2ce01317g · Cited by 4 · see citing works

Copolymerizations of a CO₂/Butadiene Derived Six‐Membered Lactone with ε‐Caprolactone

Niu, Y., Xu, J., & Lin, B. (2025) · ChemistrySelect · doi:10.1002/slct.202501162 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Directed backbiting as a tool for controlling copolymer sequence in ring-opening polymerization

Nieboer, V., Olsén, P., & Odelius, K. (2026) · European Polymer Journal · doi:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2026.114580 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Efficient Ti-MOF catalyst for sustainable synthesis and closed-loop recycling of bio-based PEF with low metal residues

Li, F., Liu, L., Song, L., Sun, Y., Ren, S., Li, L., & Wang, R. (2026) · Polymer Degradation and Stability · doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2026.112052 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Radical and Ring-Opening Polymerizations with Aryl-Substituted Methylene-Bridged Titanium Bisphenolates

Liu, L., Mendoza‐Espinosa, D., Quiroz-Guzman, M., Rheingold, A. L., Hanna, T. A., Saha, G., Tang, L., Chen, Y., Gilbert, M., Dutta, A., et al. (2023) · Organometallics · doi:10.1021/acs.organomet.3c00053 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

The Facile Synthesis of Nickel-Doped Composite Magnetic Ni@CoO@ZIF-67 as an Efficient Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Ring-Opening Polymerization of L-Lactide

Chen, X., Wu, Q., Chaemchuen, S., & Verpoort, F. (2024) · Catalysts · doi:10.3390/catal14080490 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Metal-organic frameworks for controlled polymerizations

Beamsley, K., Hosono, N., & Uemura, T. (2026) · Progress in Polymer Science · doi:10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2026.102131 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Tridentate [ONN] Iminophenolate Aluminum Complexes for Controlled Ring-Opening (Co)Polymerization of rac -Lactide, ε-Caprolactone, and δ-Valerolactone: Impact of Pendant Diamine Donor Arms and Ligand Substituents on Catalytic Performance

Jampakaew, K., Joopor, W., & Hormnirun, P. (2026) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.6c01180 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Green Synthesis of Poly( ε ‐caprolactone) Using Environmentally Benign Organic Acid Catalysts: A Sustainable, Metal‐Free, and Solvent‐Free Route to Ring‐Opening Polymerization

Motokucho, S., Mito, Y., Sasai, M., Dao, A. T. N., & Nakatani, H. (2026) · Macromolecular Materials and Engineering · doi:10.1002/mame.202500425

Titanium complexes bearing tridentate [ONN] iminophenolate ligands for the ring-opening (Co)polymerisation of cyclic esters: effects of ligand structure on complex formation and catalytic performance

Vongfak, S., Joopor, W., Kamavichanurat, S., & Hormnirun, P. (2026) · New Journal of Chemistry · doi:10.1039/d6nj03471c

Living ring opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone catalyzed by Ti alkoxides derived from radical ring opening of epoxides. (Polym. Prepr. 2004, 45(2), 772-773).

Asandei, A. D., Moran, I. W., Saha, G., Chen, Y., & Juzyn, K. (2004) · doi:10.13140/rg.2.2.25515.90405

Ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone and δ-valerolactone using new Sm(III) μ-halo-bis(trimethylsilyl)amido complexes

Agarwal, S., Karl, M., Dehnicke, K., Seybert, G., Massa, W., & Greiner, A. (1999) · ERef Bayreuth (University of Bayreuth) · doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19990829)73:9&lt;1669::aid-app7&gt;3.0.co;2-1

Tetrabutyl titanate-controlled polymerization of ε-caprolactone at ambient temperature

Fan, J., Yang, K., Yi, H., Fu, T., Xia, M.-X., Xu, X., & Zhu, M. (2010) · Chemical Communications · doi:10.1039/c0cc01061h · Cited by 11 · see citing works

Ring-opening Polymerization of ε-Caprolactone Catalyzed by Rare Earth Chloride

Yang, X. (2005) · Chemical Research in Chinese Universities

Metal–organic frameworks of p -hydroxybenzoic acid: synthesis, structure and ring opening polymerization capability

Gong, Y., Sharp, S. J., Elsegood, M. R. J., & Redshaw, C. (2024) · RSC Advances · doi:10.1039/d4ra06361a