GPI (glycosylphosphatidylinositol)-linked aspartyl proteases regulate vacuole homoeostasis in Candida glabrata
Abstract
A family of 11 GPI (glycosylphosphatidylinositol)-linked cell surface-associated aspartyl proteases (yapsins) in the human opportunistic fungal pathogen Candida glabrata is required for cell wall remodelling, pH homoeostasis, survival in macrophages and virulence in a murine model of disseminated candidiasis. In the present paper, we report new roles for yapsins in C. glabrata physiology and implicate them for the first time in the regulation of vacuole homoeostasis. In the present study we show that a C. glabrata mutant lacking all 11 yapsins, Cgyps1-11∆, possesses an enlarged vacuole and displays vma- (vacuolar membrane ATPase)-like phenotypes with elevated metal ion susceptibility in an alkaline pH medium and diminished Vma activity. The results of the present study also demonstrate a singular role for CgYps1 (C. glabrata yapsin 1) in the maintenance of ion homoeostasis under normal and calcineurin-inhibited conditions. Elevated polyphosphate levels and diminished cellular CPY (carboxypeptidase Y) activity in the Cgyps1-11∆ mutant highlight the yapsin requirement for a properly functioning vacuole. Lastly, a gross perturbation of cellular homoeostasis in the Cgyps1-11∆ mutant, even in the absence of external stressors, characterized by reduced levels of ATP and stress metabolites, elevated ROS (reactive oxygen species) levels, cell surface abnormalities, and a constitutively activated PKC (protein kinase C) signalling pathway underscore diverse physiological functions of yapsins in C. glabrata.
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The mutant lacking eleven yapsins displays a large acidic vacuole, elevated metal ion susceptibility, mis-sorting of the vacuole hydrolase carboxypeptidase Y, diminished vacuolar ATPase activity and perturbed polyphosphate and energy homeostasis.
“Additionally, the mutant lacking eleven yapsins was found to display large acidic vacuole, elevated metal ion susceptibility, mis-sorting of the vacuole hydrolase carboxypeptidase Y (CPY), diminished vacuolar ATPase activity and perturbed polyphosphate and energy homeostasis (Figure 1) [64].”
From Candida glabrata: A Lot More Than Meets the Eye (2019) · cites this paper as [64]
CgYapsins are pivotal to the regulation of several cellular processes such as maintenance of the cell wall architecture, pH and vacuole homeostasis, biofilm formation and interaction with the host.
“Consistently, CgYapsins are pivotal to the regulation of several cellular processes such as maintenance of the cell wall architecture, pH and vacuole homeostasis, biofilm formation and interaction with the host [58,60,61,64].”
From Candida glabrata: A Lot More Than Meets the Eye (2019) · cites this paper as [64]
The Cgyps1-11Δ mutant displays sunken cell walls containing higher chitin and reduced β-glucan and mannan levels.
“Lastly, the Cgyps1-11Δ mutant displayed sunken cell walls containing higher chitin and reduced β-glucan and mannan levels (Figure 1) [58,64].”
From Candida glabrata: A Lot More Than Meets the Eye (2019) · cites this paper as [64]
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- Authors
- Bairwa, G., Rasheed, M., Taigwal, R., Sahoo, R., & Kaur, R.
- Affiliations
- Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (IN)
- Corresponding author
- Bairwa, Gaurav
- Rasheed, Mubashshir
- Taigwal, Ritu
- Sahoo, Rosalin
- Kaur, Rupinder
- Venue
- Biochemical Journal
- Publisher
- Portland Press Ltd.
- Published
- 2014-02-14
- Volume
- 458
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 323-334
- ISSN
- 0264-6021 (ISSN-L)
- 1470-8728
- OpenAlex
- W2139297116
- Cited by
- 36
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 3
- FWCI
- 1.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Biochemical Journal (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Fungal and yeast genetics research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Fungal Infections and Studies
- Keywords
- aspartic protease, Candida glabrata, ion homeostasis, polyphosphate, carboxypeptidase Y, reactive oxygen species, cell wall remodeling, virulence, systemic candidiasis, calcineurin
- MeSH terms
- Cell Survival, Homeostasis, Humans, Vacuoles, Glycosylphosphatidylinositols, Vacuolar Proton-Translocating ATPases, Candida glabrata, Aspartic Acid Proteases
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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