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Physiological role of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK): insights from knockout mouse models
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is viewed as a fuel sensor for glucose and lipid metabolism. To understand better the physiological role of the catalytic AMPK subunit isoforms, we generated two knockout mouse models with the α1 (AMPKα1−/−) and α2 (AMPKα2−/−) catalytic subunit genes deleted. No defect in glucose homoeostasis was observed in AMPKα1−/− mice. On the other hand, AMPKα2−/− mice presented high plasma glucose levels and low plasma insulin concentrations in the fed period and during the glucose tolerance test. Nevertheless, in isolated AMPKα2−/− pancreatic islets, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion was not affected. Surprisingly, AMPKα2−/− mice were insulin-resistant and had reduced muscle glycogen synthesis as assessed in vivo by the hyperinsulinaemic euglycaemic clamp procedure. Reduction of insulin sensitivity and glycogen synthesis were not dependent on the lack of AMPK in skeletal muscle, since mice expressing a dominant inhibitory mutant of AMPK in skeletal muscle were not affected and since insulin-stimulated glucose transport in incubated muscles in vitro was normal in AMPKα2−/− muscles. Furthermore, AMPKα2−/− mice have a higher sympathetic tone, as shown by increased catecholamine urinary excretion. Increased adrenergic tone could explain both decreased insulin secretion and insulin resistance observed in vivo in AMPKα2−/− mice. We suggest that the α2 catalytic subunit of AMPK plays a major role as a fuel sensor by modulating the activity of the autonomous nervous system in vivo.
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“In contrast, AMPK α1 KO mice have normal AMPK T172 phosphorylation in skeletal muscle despite reduced α1 activity, showing that α2 AMPK is the predominant isoform contributing to AMPK activity in skeletal muscle [35].”
From AMPK and Exercise: Glucose Uptake and Insulin Sensitivity (2013) · cites this paper as [35]
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“RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Male AMPK-knockout (AMPK / ) mice (27), which had been cross-bred with C57BL6 mice, were bred from the animal house of the University of Tennessee Medical Center.”
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“In contrast, AMPK α1 KO mice have normal AMPK T172 phosphorylation in skeletal muscle despite reduced α1 activity, showing that α2 AMPK is the predominant isoform contributing to AMPK activity in skeletal muscle [35].”
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Nutrient sensing and metabolic decisions
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Xia, Q., Huang, X., Huang, J., Zheng, Y., March, M., Li, J., & Wei, Y. (2021) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2021.638983 · Cited by 137
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Self-citationLoss of Lkb1 in Adult β Cells Increases β Cell Mass and Enhances Glucose Tolerance in Mice
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“Although Ampk a1 knockout mice display normal glucose tolerance (Viollet et al., 2003), this may be due to the combined effects of loss of Ampk a1 from other tissues that influence glucose metabolism.”
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Self-citationPpm1E is an in cellulo AMP-activated protein kinase phosphatase
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Self-citationRole of AMP‐Activated Protein Kinase in Cancer Therapy
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“It might be mentioned, however, that whereas inactivation of the 2 isoform of AMPK catalytic subunit in mice is without effect on insulin secretion from isolated islets (but leads to glucose intolerance due to elevated catecholamine levels) (78), inactivation of the 1 complex has no effect on either parameter (79).”
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“Overall, LKB1 is a prominent, widely expressed AMPK kinase that governs whole-body insulin sensitivity via this signaling pathway (32, 33).”
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“…inactivated for AMPK2 throughout the body show defective glucose tolerance as a result of altered sympathetic tone, but insulin secretion from isolated islets is normal (Viollet et al., 2003b); mice inactivated for AMPK1 displayed no obvious defects in glucose homeostasis (Viollet et al., 2003a).”
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“Central to the CHIEF pathway are tumor suppressor genes, such as STK11 or LKB1 (serine/threonine protein kinase 11), which governs whole-body insulin sensitivity (6,7); mTOR (mammalian Target of Rapamycin), which is involved in normal energy homeostasis and inhibition of tumor growth (8); and PTEN (phosphatase tensin…”
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“Mouse genetic deletion studies have shown that AMPKa2-null mice demonstrate glucose intolerance and reduced insulin sensitivity, while the AMPKa1-null mice do not show any appreciable alterations (Viollet et al., 2003a; Viollet et al., 2003b).”
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“AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a master metabolic regulator and an important target for drug development against diabetes, obesity, and other diseases [1–5].”
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Regulation of class III (Vps34) PI3Ks
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AMPK Alpha 1-Induced RhoA Phosphorylation Mediates Vasoprotective Effect of Estradiol
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“The involvement of AMPK in diabetes mellitus is demonstrated by insulin resistance, with associated high levels of plasma glucose and low levels of insulin in mice with ablated AMPK (Viollet et al., 2003).”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Viollet, B., Andreelli, F., Jørgensen, S. B., Perrin, C., Flamez, D., Mu, J., Wojtaszewski, J. F. P., Schuit, F. C., Birnbaum, M., Richter, E., Burcelin, R., & Vaulont, S.
- Affiliations
- Institut Cochin (FR)
- Institut Cochin, Dpt GDPM, 24 rue du faubourg Saint-Jacques 75014 Paris, France
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Diabetes Research Center, Brussels, Belgium
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Viollet, B.
- Vaulont, S.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Biochemical Society Transactions
- Publisher
- Portland Press Ltd.
- Published
- 2003-02-01
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 216-219
- ISSN
- 0300-5127 (ISSN-L)
- 1470-8752
- OpenAlex
- W2060836453
- Cited by
- 241
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 21
- FWCI
- 2.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Biochemical Society Transactions (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University) (submittedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Keywords
- AMPK, glucose homeostasis, insulin resistance, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, pancreatic islets, muscle glycogen synthesis, insulin sensitivity, sympathetic nervous system, catecholamine excretion, knockout mice
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Glucose Tolerance Test, Glycogen, Mice, Transgenic, Models, Biological, Multienzyme Complexes, Mutation, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Mice, Knockout, Muscle, Skeletal, Catalytic Domain, Mice, AMP-Activated Protein Kinases
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