The role of osmolality in the absorption of a nutrient solution
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Loss of water during enteral nutrition following massive intestinal resection may be severe. Low osmolality of oral rehydration solutions has recently been shown to mediate an increase in water absorption. AIM: To evaluate the effect of osmolality of a nutrient solution on the intraluminal duodenojejunal water flow, and the net absorption rates of total nitrogen and carbohydrate. METHODS: Eight healthy volunteers with a mean age of 27 (range 25-29) years participated in the study. Enteral nutrition (17% protein, 59% carbohydrate, 24% lipid plus 5 g/L PEG 4000) was infused (5 mL/min 2.64 kcal/min) into the descending duodenum either as a hypotonic (160 mOsmol/kg) or as an isotonic solution in a random order. Intestinal samples were aspirated 20 and 45 cm distally to the infusion point. RESULTS: Intraluminal water flow rates were significantly lower with the hypotonic solution than with the isotonic solution, both in the duodenum (4.9 +/- 0.3 vs. 6.7 +/- 0.5 mL/min; P < 0.02) and the upper jejunum (3.0 +/- 0.1 vs. 3.9 +/- 0.2 mL/min; P < 0.005). The net absorption rates of total nitrogen and carbohydrate were similar with both solutions. CONCLUSION: Low osmolality of a nutrient solution decreases intraluminal water flow rates in the upper intestine without affecting the absorption rates of total nitrogen and carbohydrate. Compared with an isotonic solution, the use of a hypotonic solution might lower the water loss in patients with extensive short bowel intestinal resection.
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High molecular weight provides a very low osmolarity and therefore accelerates passage through the stomach to the intestine.
“This high molecular weight provides a very low osmolarity and therefore accelerates its passage through the stomach to the intestine [63].”
From The 4R’s Framework of Nutritional Strategies for Post-Exercise Recovery: A Review with Emphasis on New Generation of Carbohydrates (2020) · cites this paper as [63]
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Bonilla, D. A., Pérez-Idárraga, A., Odriozola-Martínez, A., & Kreider, R. B. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18010103 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
“This high molecular weight provides a very low osmolarity and therefore accelerates its passage through the stomach to the intestine [63].”
Background
- Authors
- Pfeiffer, Schmidt, & Kaess
- Affiliations
- München Klinik Bogenhausen (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Pfeiffer
- Venue
- Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1998-03
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 281-286
- ISSN
- 0269-2813 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2036
- OpenAlex
- W2063807096
- Cited by
- 19
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 1.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- B. Braun-Stiftung
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Enhanced Recovery After Surgery
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Keywords
- osmolality, nutrient solution, enteral nutrition, water uptake (human physiology), duodenum, jejunum, nitrogen uptake, carbohydrate absorption, hypotonic solution, isotonic solutions, short bowel syndrome, bowel resection, water loss
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Bile Ducts, Duodenum, Electrolytes, Female, Humans, Hypertonic Solutions, Hypotonic Solutions, Intestinal Absorption, Jejunum, Male, Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Osmolar Concentration, Pancreas, Solutions, Water, Nitrogen Compounds, Carbohydrate Metabolism
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