Mothers with congenital adrenal hyperplasia and their children: outcome of pregnancy, birth and childhood
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Fertility rates in women with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) are reported to be poor, but few data are available. We assessed rates and course of pregnancy, mode of delivery and long‐term outcome of offspring from women with CAH. DESIGN A large cohort of women with CAH due to 21‐hydroxylase deficiency had initially been diagnosed and followed at one centre. Those women who had given birth were contacted. Information was gathered from hospital records, direct patient contact, structured questionnaire and the Documentation of Pregnancy and Preventive Care Booklets. RESULTS Between 1978 and 1998, 18 women with CAH (one salt wasting, 12 simple virilizing, five nonclassical) had given birth to 31 children (18 females, 13 males). Delivery was by Caesarean section in 16 out of the 31 children. None of the female newborns was masculinized. Twenty‐nine children were born at term, five children were small for gestational age (SGA). Postnatal development was basically normal in all children; 18 are now older than 10 years, seven are between 5 and 10 years old, six are less than 5 years old. CONCLUSIONS Fertility is reduced in females with CAH, especially those with the severe or salt wasting phenotype. In those women with CAH who do conceive, course and outcome of pregnancy is mostly uneventful, although the rate of SGA offspring may be increased. Psychomotor and somatic long‐term development of the children was within normal limits.
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The course of pregnancy is usually uneventful in women with NC CAH.
“The course of pregnancy is usually uneventful; however, the miscarriage rate in women with NC CAH is substantially higher (25%) than in the general population (6%) in some (650,666) but not all (667) studies.”
From Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia—Current Insights in Pathophysiology, Diagnostics, and Management (2022) · cites this paper as [667]
Glucocorticoid treatment shortens the time to pregnancy from about one year to less than six months.
“Glucocorticoid treatment shortens the time to pregnancy from about one year to less than six months (667).”
From Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia—Current Insights in Pathophysiology, Diagnostics, and Management (2022) · cites this paper as [667]
The miscarriage rate in women with NC CAH is substantially higher (25%) than in the general population (6%) in some but not all studies.
“The course of pregnancy is usually uneventful; however, the miscarriage rate in women with NC CAH is substantially higher (25%) than in the general population (6%) in some (650,666) but not all (667) studies.”
From Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia—Current Insights in Pathophysiology, Diagnostics, and Management (2022) · cites this paper as [667]
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Cardiovascular Disease in Pregnancy
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Gastrointestinal Disorders in Pregnancy
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- Authors
- Krone, N., Wachter, I., Stefanidou, M., Roscher, A. A., & Schwarz, H. P.
- Affiliations
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (DE)
- Technische Universität Dresden (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Schwarz, Hans Peter
- ORCID
- Krone, Nils
- Venue
- Clinical Endocrinology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2001-10
- Volume
- 55
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 523-529
- ISSN
- 0300-0664 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2265
- OpenAlex
- W2043812370
- Cited by
- 135
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 56 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 0.46
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Clinical Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Sexual Differentiation and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Ovarian function and disorders
- Keywords
- congenital adrenal hyperplasia, 21-hydroxylase deficiency, maternal fertility, pregnancy outcomes, mode of delivery, cesarean section, small for gestational age, salt-wasting phenotype, non-classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia
- MeSH terms
- Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital, Cesarean Section, Child, Child Development, Child, Preschool, Female, Glucocorticoids, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Small for Gestational Age, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Pregnancy Outcome, Retrospective Studies
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