Dreaming and insomnia: Dream recall and dream content of patients with insomnia
Abstract
The present study investigated dream recall frequency and dream content of patients with insomnia in comparison to healthy controls. Patients’ dream recall frequency was elevated, due mainly to their heightened frequency of nocturnal awakenings. Dream content seems to reflect waking life stressors found in these patients, i.e. dream emotions were more negative and dreams were characterized by themes of depression, ‘negatives’ in self‐description and health themes. Patients taking antidepressants showed lower dream recall frequency than patients without any medication; benzodiazepine intake, however, did not affect dream recall frequency. Both drug groups reported more positively toned dreams than drug‐free patients. It is suggested that future studies should use more dreams per subject in order to reduce error variance of the dream content measures and more detailed measures of waking life stress.
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An increased dream recall frequency has been observed in insomniacs, whose sleep is characterized by a raise in fast-frequency EEG activity, as well as in normal sleepers with a higher number of intrasleep wakefulness.
“Moreover, an increased dream recall frequency has been observed in insomniacs, whose sleep is characterized by a raise in fast-frequency EEG activity,102 as well as in normal sleeper with higher number of intrasleep wakefulness.103,104”
From Spotlight on dream recall: the ages of dreams (2018) · cites this paper as [102]
This elderly finding is in contrast with the findings of younger adults, where a successful dream recall was found consequently to a reduction in the delta and sigma activity.
“This is in contrast with the findings of younger adults, where a successful dream recall was found consequently to a reduction in the delta and sigma activity.28,30,31,35,102”
From Spotlight on dream recall: the ages of dreams (2018) · cites this paper as [102]
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Ataei, S., Esfahani, M. J., Axmacher, N., Dresler, M., & Schoch, S. F. (2026) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2026.05.20.722678 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Relationen mellan sömnproblem, negativa drömmar och välmående hos ungdomar.
Rosengren, P., & Bergström, E. (2014) · KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)
- Authors
- SCHREDL, M., SCHÄFER, G., WEBER, B., & HEUSER, I.
- Affiliations
- Central Institute of Mental Health (DE)
- Corresponding author
- SCHREDL, MICHAEL
- Venue
- Journal of Sleep Research
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1998-09
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 191-198
- ISSN
- 0962-1105 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2869
- OpenAlex
- W2077818523
- Cited by
- 113
- References
- 8
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 1 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 3.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Sleep Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research
- Keywords
- insomnia, dream recall, dream content, nocturnal awakenings, dream emotions, depression, antidepressants, benzodiazepines, dream themes
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Antidepressive Agents, Benzodiazepines, Depressive Disorder, Dreams, Female, Humans, Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders, Life Change Events, Male, Middle Aged, Surveys and Questionnaires, Mental Recall
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