Cited by 144Genomics and Chromatin DynamicsHemoglobinopathies and Related DisordersHemoglobin structure and function

The human β‐globin locus control region: A center of attraction

Levings, Padraic P., Bungert, Jörg·2002·European Journal of Biochemistry

Abstract

The human beta-globin gene locus is the subject of intense study, and over the past two decades a wealth of information has accumulated on how tissue-specific and stage-specific expression of its genes is achieved. The data are extensive and it would be difficult, if not impossible, to formulate a comprehensive model integrating every aspect of what is currently known. In this review, we introduce the fundamental characteristics of globin locus regulation as well as questions on which much of the current research is predicated. We then outline a hypothesis that encompasses more recent results, focusing on the modification of higher-order chromatin structure and recruitment of transcription complexes to the globin locus. The essence of this hypothesis is that the locus control region (LCR) is a genetic entity highly accessible to and capable of recruiting, with great efficiency, chromatin-modifying, coactivator, and transcription complexes. These complexes are used to establish accessible chromatin domains, allowing basal factors to be loaded on to specific globin gene promoters in a developmental stage-specific manner. We conceptually divide this process into four steps: (a) generation of a highly accessible LCR holocomplex; (b) recruitment of transcription and chromatin-modifying complexes to the LCR; (c) establishment of chromatin domains permissive for transcription; (d) transfer of transcription complexes to globin gene promoters.

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Crossref · 10.1046/j.1432-1327.2002.02797.x

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Authors
Levings, P. P., & Bungert, J.
Affiliations
University of Florida Health (US)
Venue
European Journal of Biochemistry
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2002-03-14
Volume
269
Issue
6
Pages
1589-1599
ISSN
  • 0014-2956 (ISSN-L)
  • 1432-1033
OpenAlex
W1540381414
Cited by
144
References
98
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 4
FWCI
0.84
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • European Journal of Biochemistry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK052356, R01DK058209, DK 52356, DK 58209)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Genetics › Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Hemoglobin structure and function
Keywords
locus control region, globin gene regulation, chromatin accessibility, chromatin-modifying complexes, transcriptional coactivator, transcriptional complex, tissue-specific gene expression, stage-specific gene expression, chromatin domains, promoter loading
MeSH terms
Chromatin, Humans, RNA, Messenger, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Locus Control Region

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