Inflammation and thrombosis
Open accessAbstract
Systemic inflammation is a potent prothrombotic stimulus. Inflammatory mechanisms upregulate procoagulant factors, downregulate natural anticoagulants and inhibit fibrinolytic activity. In addition to modulating plasma coagulation mechanisms, inflammatory mediators appear to increase platelet reactivity. In vivo, however, natural anticoagulants not only prevent thrombosis, but they also dampen inflammatory activity. Some insights into the evolution and linkages between inflammatory mechanisms and the coagulation/anticoagulation mechanisms have become evident from recent structural studies. This review will summarize the interactions between inflammation and coagulation.
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Estrogens have a divergent effect on inflammation and immune modulation based on the dose and duration of treatment.
“Estrogens have a divergent effect on inflammation and immune modulation [74, 75] based on the dose and duration of treatment of the drug.”
From Estrogen and thrombosis: a bench to bedside review (2020) · cites this paper as [75]
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- Authors
- Esmon, C. T.
- Affiliations
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Esmon, C.T.
- Venue
- Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2003-07
- Volume
- 1
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1343-1348
- ISSN
- 1538-7836 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2024773717
- Cited by
- 442
- References
- 75
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 29 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 23
- FWCI
- 3.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Blood Coagulation and Thrombosis Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Blood properties and coagulation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Platelet Disorders and Treatments
- Keywords
- systemic inflammation, thrombosis, procoagulant factors, natural anticoagulants, fibrinolysis, platelet reactivity, coagulation, inflammatory mediators
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Anticoagulants, Antithrombins, Endothelium, Vascular, Humans, Inflammation, Lipoproteins, Models, Biological, Protein C, Thrombin, Thrombosis, Down-Regulation
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