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The Hydroxylase Inhibitor Dimethyloxalylglycine Is Protective in a Murine Model of Colitis
Open accessAbstract
Background & aims Prolyl and asparaginyl hydroxylases are key oxygen-sensing enzymes that confer hypoxic sensitivity to transcriptional regulatory pathways including the hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB). Knockout of either HIF-1 or (IKKbeta-dependent) NF-kappaB pathways in intestinal epithelial cells promotes inflammatory disease in murine models of colitis. Both HIF-1 and NF-kappaB pathways are repressed by the action of hydroxylases through the hydroxylation of key regulatory molecules.Methods In this study we have investigated the effects of the hydroxylase inhibitor dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG) on Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells in vitro and in a dextran sodium sulfate-induced model of murine colitis.Results DMOG induces both HIF-1 and NF-kappaB activity in cultured intestinal epithelial cells, and is profoundly protective in dextran-sodium sulfate colitis in a manner that is at least in part reflected by the development of an anti-apoptotic phenotype in intestinal epithelial cells, which we propose reduces epithelial barrier dysfunction.Conclusions These data show that hydroxylase inhibitors such as DMOG represent a new strategy for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.
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“and to limit inflammation in models of inflammatory bowel disease and LPS-induced shock [117–120].”
From Hypoxia and hypoxia-inducible factors as regulators of T cell development, differentiation, and function (2013) · cites this paper as [117]
In the citing paper
“Likewise, NF-κB is thought to be largely protective in the intestinal epithelium via the inhibition of enterocyte apoptosis leading to enhanced intestinal barrier function23.”
From Hypoxia: an alarm signal during intestinal inflammation (2010) · cites this paper as [23]
In the citing paper
“Indeed, these studies have shown that both DMOG and FG-4497 provide an overall beneficial influence on multiple parameters studied in chemically induced (trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid [TNBS] or dextran sodium sulfate [DSS] mouse models of colitis.”
From Hypoxia: an alarm signal during intestinal inflammation (2010) · cites this paper as [23]
In the citing paper
“Within the gastrointestinal tract, the PHD inhibitors DMOG and FG-4497 have been used effectively to reduce symptoms in at least two mouse models of colitis23,26.”
From Hypoxia: an alarm signal during intestinal inflammation (2010) · cites this paper as [23]
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“In these mouse models, the drugs were well tolerated with no significant adverse side effects.”
From Hypoxia: an alarm signal during intestinal inflammation (2010) · cites this paper as [23]
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Self-citationHydroxylase Inhibition Selectively Induces Cell Death in Monocytes
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“Some classical chelators, such as N-oxalylglycine (NOG) [26], dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG) [27], ethyl-3, 4-dihydroxybenzoate (3, 4-DHB) [12], and deferoxamine mesylate (DFO) [12], can competitively inhibit the activity of PHD and stabilize HIF-1a to repair chronic disease anemia and neuronal injury.”
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BackgroundResultInfluentialThe HIF-prolyl hydroxylases have distinct and nonredundant roles in colitis-associated cancer
Kennel, K. B., Burmeister, J., Radhakrishnan, P., Giese, N. A., Giese, T., Salfenmoser, M., Gebhardt, J. M., Strowitzki, M. J., Taylor, C. T., Wielockx, B., et al. (2022) · JCI Insight · doi:10.1172/jci.insight.153337 · Cited by 7
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“In dextran-sodium sulfate-induced murine colitis, the hydroxylase inhibitor, DMOG, was found to be protective regarding similar parameters [17].”
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“In the literature, beneficial effects of HIF-stabilizing therapy by PHIs like DMOG have been found for a wide variety of inflammatory diseases such as IBD, colitis, and ischemic disorders.(7) Studies have shown that hypoxia occurs concurrently with inflammatory responses,(19) lung injury,(20) IBD, and colitis in mice.”
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The transcription factor HIF-1α in NKp46+ ILCs limits chronic intestinal inflammation and fibrosis
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“Our observation are, however, in line with various studies showing that genetic or pharmacologic HIF stabilization in gut epithelial cells is protective against mucosal damage ( Cummins et al 2008, Tambuwala et al., 2010, 2015).”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Cummins, E. P., Seeballuck, F., Keely, S. J., Mangan, N. E., Callanan, J. J., Fallon, P. G., & Taylor, C. T.
- Affiliations
- University College Dublin (IE)
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (IE)
- Trinity College Dublin (IE)
- Corresponding author
- Taylor, Cormac T.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Gastroenterology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-01
- Volume
- 134
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 156-165.e1
- ISSN
- 0016-5085 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2005539293
- Cited by
- 407
- References
- 39
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 31 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 28 · 2012: 27
- FWCI
- 9.46
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Gastroenterology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Health Research Board
- Science Foundation Ireland
- Wellcome Trust
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Microscopic Colitis
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Inflammatory mediators and NSAID effects
- Keywords
- dimethyloxalylglycine, colitis, inflammatory bowel disease, HIF-1, NF-κB, prolyl hydroxylase, asparaginyl hydroxylase, intestinal epithelial cells, Caco-2 cells, DSS-induced colitis, apoptosis, epithelial barrier dysfunction, hypoxia
- MeSH terms
- Amino Acids, Dicarboxylic, Animals, Colitis, Disease Models, Animal, Enzyme Inhibitors, Female, Humans, Mixed Function Oxygenases, Mice, Inbred C57BL, NF-kappa B, Cell Culture Techniques, Caco-2 Cells, Mice, Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit
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