Kaposi Sarcoma–Associated Herpesvirus-Associated Malignancies: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Advances in Treatment

Bhutani, Manisha; Polizzotto, Mark N.; Uldrick, Thomas S.; Yarchoan, Robert

doi:10.1053/j.seminoncol.2014.12.027

Cited by 155Viral-associated cancers and disordersHerpesvirus Infections and TreatmentsCytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research

Kaposi Sarcoma–Associated Herpesvirus-Associated Malignancies: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Advances in Treatment

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Bhutani, Manisha, Polizzotto, Mark N., Uldrick, Thomas S., Yarchoan, Robert·2015·Seminars in Oncology

DOI 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2014.12.027PMC PMC6309362

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Abstract

Kaposi sarcoma associated herpesvirus (KSHV), a γ2-herpesvirus, also known as human herpesvirus-8, is the etiologic agent of three virally associated tumors: Kaposi sarcoma, a plasmablastic form of multicentric Castleman disease (KSHV-MCD), and primary effusion lymphoma. These malignancies are predominantly seen in people with acquired immunodeficiencies, including acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and iatrogenic immunosuppression in the setting of organ transplantation, but can also develop in the elderly. Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is most frequent in regions with high KSHV seroprevalence, such as sub-Saharan Africa and some Mediterranean countries. In the era of combination antiviral therapy, inflammatory manifestations associated with KSHV-infection, including KSHV-MCD, a recently described KSHV-associated inflammatory cytokine syndrome and KS immune reconstitution syndrome also are increasingly appreciated. Our understanding of viral and immune mechanisms of oncogenesis continues to expand and lead to improved molecular diagnostics, as well as novel therapeutic strategies that employ immune modulatory agents, manipulations of the tumor microenvironment, virus-activated cytotoxic therapy, or agents that target interactions between specific virus-host cell signaling pathways. This review focuses on the epidemiology and advances in molecular and clinical research that reflects the current understanding of viral oncogenesis, clinical manifestations, and therapeutics for KSHV-associated tumors.

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Two other HHV8-associated neoplasms, primary effusion lymphoma and Castleman disease, have also been shown to be responsive to treatment with thalidomide analogues.
“Interestingly, two other HHV8-associated neoplasms, primary effusion lymphoma111 and Castleman disease112, have also been shown to be responsive to treatment with thalidomide analogues.”
From Cancer therapies based on targeted protein degradation — lessons learned with lenalidomide (2021) · cites this paper as [112]

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[167]Welles L Saville MW Lietzau J Pluda JM Wyvill KM Feuerstein I Phase II trial with dose titration of paclitaxel for the therapy of human immunodeficiency virus-associated Kaposi’s sarcoma J Clin Oncol 1998 16 1112 21 9508198

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Authors: Bhutani, M., Polizzotto, M. N., Uldrick, T. S., & Yarchoan, R.
Affiliations: National Cancer Institute (US)
Corresponding author: Yarchoan, Robert
ORCID: Bhutani, Manisha
Polizzotto, Mark N.
Uldrick, Thomas S.
Yarchoan, Robert
Venue: Seminars in Oncology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2015-04
Volume: 42
Issue: 2
Pages: 223-246
ISSN: 0093-7754 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2014.12.027
PMC: PMC6309362
OpenAlex: W2154435586
Cited by: 155
References: 209
Citations by year: 2026: 6 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 27 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 8
FWCI: 2.51
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
europepmc.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Seminars in Oncology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) (submittedVersion, public-domain)
Funders: National Institutes of Health
National Cancer Institute (ZIABC010885, ZIABC010888)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Viral-associated cancers and disorders
Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
Keywords: Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, human herpesvirus 8, Kaposi's sarcoma, multicentric Castleman disease, primary effusion lymphoma, viral oncogenesis, immunodeficiency, HIV/AIDS, organ transplantation, antiviral therapy, tumor microenvironment, immunomodulatory therapy, molecular diagnosis
MeSH terms: Herpesviridae Infections, Humans, Neoplasms, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Herpesvirus 8, Human

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Kaposi Sarcoma–Associated Herpesvirus-Associated Malignancies: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Advances in Treatment

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